Question 1

Saliva is normally acidic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

To function properly,the bicarbonate buffer system must have 20 times more H₂CO₃ than NaHCO₃.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Blood buffers work primarily by preventing marked changes in blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The kidney is able to secrete hydrogen ions,which causes an increase in urine pH but a decrease in blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In the bicarbonate buffer system,the weak base bicarbonate is used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Rhubarb is said to be a direct base-forming food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The respiratory center is stimulated if the:

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood increases. 
B)  amount of carbon dioxide in venous blood increases. 
C)  pH of the blood goes above 7.41. 
D)  Any of the above will stimulate the respiratory center. 
A)  amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood increases. 
B)  amount of carbon dioxide in venous blood increases. 
C)  pH of the blood goes above 7.41. 
D)  Any of the above will stimulate the respiratory center.

Question 8

Carbonic acid results primarily from the metabolism of:

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  fats. 
D)  ribonucleotides. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  fats. 
D)  ribonucleotides.

Question 9

Match each term with it corresponding definition.
-carbonic acid deficit that can be caused by hyperventilation from fever or hysteria

Accepted Answer

A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis 
A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis

Question 10

A change in pH can make an important enzyme in the cell unable to function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The function of a number of proteins in the body requires that the normal hydrogen ion concentration be maintained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Why does arterial blood have a lower hydrogen ion concentration than venous blood?

Accepted Answer

Arterial blood has a lower hydrogen ion

Question 13

If the blood pH decreases below normal,the kidney tubules secrete _____ urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  fewer hydrogen ions from blood to 
B)  more hydrogen ions from blood to 
C)  more sodium ions into the 
D)  Both A and C will occur. 
A)  fewer hydrogen ions from blood to 
B)  more hydrogen ions from blood to 
C)  more sodium ions into the 
D)  Both A and C will occur.

Question 14

The regulation of acid-base balance in the body fluids refers to the control of _____ ion concentration.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  bicarbonate 
C)  potassium 
D)  chloride 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  bicarbonate 
C)  potassium 
D)  chloride

Question 15

Toxic accumulation of acidic ketone bodies is a common complication of untreated:

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney disease. 
B)  diabetes mellitus. 
C)  respiratory distress syndrome. 
D)  deficiency of carbonic anhydrase in the blood. 
A)  kidney disease. 
B)  diabetes mellitus. 
C)  respiratory distress syndrome. 
D)  deficiency of carbonic anhydrase in the blood.

Question 16

Which of the following is considered a direct acid-forming food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Citrus fruit 
B)  Vinegar 
C)  Cranberries 
D)  All of the above are considered direct acid-forming foods 
A)  Citrus fruit 
B)  Vinegar 
C)  Cranberries 
D)  All of the above are considered direct acid-forming foods

Question 17

Buffers are said to consist of a weak acid and its salt.When the ratio is written out,the salt goes above the line and the weak acid goes below the line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

An abnormal change in pH in the body could disrupt the functioning of:

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes. 
B)  cell membrane receptors. 
C)  hemoglobin. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  enzymes. 
B)  cell membrane receptors. 
C)  hemoglobin. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 19

A decrease in blood pH:

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerates the renal tubule ion exchange mechanisms. 
B)  causes a decrease in the renal tubule excretion of ammonia. 
C)  has no effect on the renal tubule excretion of ammonia (because of respiratory compensations). 
D)  produces an increase in the pH of the urine through the chloride shift. 
A)  accelerates the renal tubule ion exchange mechanisms. 
B)  causes a decrease in the renal tubule excretion of ammonia. 
C)  has no effect on the renal tubule excretion of ammonia (because of respiratory compensations). 
D)  produces an increase in the pH of the urine through the chloride shift.

Question 20

Match each term with it corresponding definition.
-carbonic acid excess caused by conditions such as pneumonia or emphysema

Accepted Answer

A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis 
A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis

Exam 33: Acid-Base Balance

Saliva is normally acidic.

To function properly,the bicarbonate buffer system must have 20 times more H₂CO₃ than NaHCO₃.

Blood buffers work primarily by preventing marked changes in blood pH.

The kidney is able to secrete hydrogen ions,which causes an increase in urine pH but a decrease in blood pH.

In the bicarbonate buffer system,the weak base bicarbonate is used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl.

Rhubarb is said to be a direct base-forming food.

The respiratory center is stimulated if the:

Carbonic acid results primarily from the metabolism of:

Match each term with it corresponding definition. -carbonic acid deficit that can be caused by hyperventilation from fever or hysteria

A change in pH can make an important enzyme in the cell unable to function.

The function of a number of proteins in the body requires that the normal hydrogen ion concentration be maintained.

Why does arterial blood have a lower hydrogen ion concentration than venous blood?

If the blood pH decreases below normal,the kidney tubules secrete _____ urine.

The regulation of acid-base balance in the body fluids refers to the control of _____ ion concentration.

Toxic accumulation of acidic ketone bodies is a common complication of untreated:

Which of the following is considered a direct acid-forming food?

Buffers are said to consist of a weak acid and its salt.When the ratio is written out,the salt goes above the line and the weak acid goes below the line.

An abnormal change in pH in the body could disrupt the functioning of:

A decrease in blood pH:

Match each term with it corresponding definition. -carbonic acid excess caused by conditions such as pneumonia or emphysema

A: Organization of the Body

B: Organization of the Body

A: The Chemical Basis of Life

B: The Chemical Basis of Life

A: Anatomy of Cells

B: Anatomy of Cells

Physiology of Cells

Cell Growth and Reproduction

Tissues

A: Skin and Its Appendages

B: Skin and Its Appendages

A: Skeletal Tissues

B: Skeletal Tissues

Skeletal System

A: Articulations

B: Articulations

A: Anatomy of the Muscular System

B: Anatomy of the Muscular System

A: Physiology of the Muscular System

B: Physiology of the Muscular System

A: Nervous System Cells

B: Nervous System Cells

A: Central Nervous System

B: Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

A: Sense Organs

B: Sense Organs

Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System

A: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

B: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System

A: Immune System

B: Immune System

Stress

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

A: Physiology of the Respiratory System

B: Physiology of the Respiratory System

A: Anatomy of the Digestive System

B: Anatomy of the Digestive System

A: Physiology of the Digestive System

B: Physiology of the Digestive System

A: Nutrition and Metabolism

B: Nutrition and Metabolism

A: Urinary System

B: Urinary System

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Male Reproductive System

A: Female Reproductive System

B: Female Reproductive System

A: Growth and Development

B: Growth and Development

A: Genetics and Heredity

B: Genetics and Heredity

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