Exam 12: A: Physiology of the Muscular System

Multiunit smooth muscle is more common in the body than single-unit smooth muscle.

Because the process of catabolism is less than 100% efficient,some of the energy is given off as heat.

The longer the initial length of a muscle,the stronger the contraction of that muscle can be.

Muscles with less tone than normal are described as flaccid.

A compound that mimics the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction would cause muscles to become flaccid.

The primary function of tropomyosin and troponin is to prevent a muscle from contracting.

Smooth muscle can contract to shorter lengths than skeletal muscles.

The aerobic catabolic pathway that can supply energy to muscle cells is called fermentation.

Myoglobin gives red muscle fibers their red color.

The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called the sarcolemma.

Rigor mortis is caused because of damage done to the sarcolemma after death.

Convulsions are abnormal,uncoordinated tetanic contractions of varying groups of muscles.

In muscles,oxygen can be transferred to the calcium by myoglobin molecules.

The muscle has the ability to store oxygen in myoglobin and store glucose as glycogen.

The three phases of muscle contraction are contraction,relaxation,and recovery.

The pituitary gland is responsible for the homeostatic control of body temperature.

Muscle fibers have many nuclei because they are the result of several precursor cells joining together to make a mature muscle fiber.

Only striated and cardiac muscles have triads; smooth muscles do not contain T-tubules.

Because the heart is in almost constant contraction,its muscle cells have larger sarcoplasmic reticula that can hold higher concentrations of calcium ions.

Another name for muscle cells is muscle fibers.