Question 1

What are the advantages of physiological data collection methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low cost and subject acceptance 
B)  Reduced duration of data collection 
C)  Objectivity and sensitivity 
D)  No need for interrater reliability determination 
A)  Low cost and subject acceptance 
B)  Reduced duration of data collection 
C)  Objectivity and sensitivity 
D)  No need for interrater reliability determination C

Question 2

When are records or data-available methods of data collection appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the research subjects are illiterate 
B)  When the participants are not reliable historians 
C)  When the goal of research is to analyze trends and change over time 
D)  When the researcher suspects that the subject may be attempting to alter responses in an attempt to please the researcher 
A)  When the research subjects are illiterate 
B)  When the participants are not reliable historians 
C)  When the goal of research is to analyze trends and change over time 
D)  When the researcher suspects that the subject may be attempting to alter responses in an attempt to please the researcher C

Question 3

What is the most important issue in the data collection phase of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flexibility in data collection 
B)  Consistency in data collection 
C)  Accurate interpretation of the data collected 
D)  Averaging of numerical scores to reduce the effect of outliers 
A)  Flexibility in data collection 
B)  Consistency in data collection 
C)  Accurate interpretation of the data collected 
D)  Averaging of numerical scores to reduce the effect of outliers B

Question 4

When are structured,forced-response questionnaires most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the participant is confused 
B)  When the questions asked have a finite number of possible responses 
C)  When data collection must take place in a public environment 
D)  When the responses will reflect an opinion that cannot be interpreted as "right" or "wrong" 
A)  When the participant is confused 
B)  When the questions asked have a finite number of possible responses 
C)  When data collection must take place in a public environment 
D)  When the responses will reflect an opinion that cannot be interpreted as "right" or "wrong"

Question 5

Which of the following factors or issues are most important in deciding on a method of data collection for a specific research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of hypotheses or research questions and the experience of the investigator 
B)  The nature of the research question and the specific population to be studied 
C)  The cost of the instrument and the amount of research effort involved 
D)  The number of co-investigators on the study and the educational preparation of the primary investigator 
A)  The number of hypotheses or research questions and the experience of the investigator 
B)  The nature of the research question and the specific population to be studied 
C)  The cost of the instrument and the amount of research effort involved 
D)  The number of co-investigators on the study and the educational preparation of the primary investigator

Question 6

Which of the following is the most appropriate data collection method for measuring postoperative pain during the first 24 hours after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assessment of arterial blood gas values 
B)  Unstructured interview 
C)  Visual analogue pain scale 
D)  Pain questionnaire 
A)  Assessment of arterial blood gas values 
B)  Unstructured interview 
C)  Visual analogue pain scale 
D)  Pain questionnaire

Question 7

Which of the following data collection methods is most at risk of researcher bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Questionnaires 
B)  Available data 
C)  Observation methods 
D)  Physiological measurement 
A)  Questionnaires 
B)  Available data 
C)  Observation methods 
D)  Physiological measurement

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the interview method of data collection is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is of value only in qualitative studies. 
B)  It allows subjects to report data directly. 
C)  Consistency is sacrificed for objectivity. 
D)  Objectivity is sacrificed for consistency. 
A)  It is of value only in qualitative studies. 
B)  It allows subjects to report data directly. 
C)  Consistency is sacrificed for objectivity. 
D)  Objectivity is sacrificed for consistency.

Question 9

Which data collection method would be most appropriate in studying "death anxiety" in preschool children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  An unstructured interview 
B)  Asking parents about their children's fear of death 
C)  Children's responses on a paper-and-pencil death anxiety scale 
D)  Children's verbal responses to pictures depicting various issues related to death 
A)  An unstructured interview 
B)  Asking parents about their children's fear of death 
C)  Children's responses on a paper-and-pencil death anxiety scale 
D)  Children's verbal responses to pictures depicting various issues related to death

Question 10

Which of the following terms is used to describe a change in a subject's behaviour because he or she is being observed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reactivity 
B)  Instability 
C)  Therapeutic 
D)  Interventionist 
A)  Reactivity 
B)  Instability 
C)  Therapeutic 
D)  Interventionist

Question 11

In a study conducted at a large long-term care facility,two data collectors examined 56 pressure ulcers on 40 different subjects.The examinations were independently performed but on the same day.A comparison of the results indicated that the data collectors,who used the Braden Scale for pressure ulcer assessment,had identical scores for 54 of the 56 ulcers.What can be determined from this finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interrater reliability between the two data collectors was high. 
B)  Interrater reliability between the two data collectors was low. 
C)  The data collection method was inappropriate for the phenomenon under investigation. 
D)  In order to establish interrater reliability, both data collectors should have examined each pressure ulcer at the same time. 
A)  Interrater reliability between the two data collectors was high. 
B)  Interrater reliability between the two data collectors was low. 
C)  The data collection method was inappropriate for the phenomenon under investigation. 
D)  In order to establish interrater reliability, both data collectors should have examined each pressure ulcer at the same time.

Question 12

A nurse researcher is developing a new instrument based on the caring behaviours of nurses.Put the process of this instrument's development in the appropriate order.
A.Generating the caring instrument items
B.Identifying the nurse population
C.Assessing caring items for content validity
D.Developing user instructions
E.Defining caring behaviours of nurses

Accepted Answer

A)  a, b, c, d, e 
B)  e, d, c, b, a 
C)  e, b, a, c, d 
D)  c, d, a, b, e 
A)  a, b, c, d, e 
B)  e, d, c, b, a 
C)  e, b, a, c, d 
D)  c, d, a, b, e

Question 13

What term is used to describe the process that informs subjects after an observation that they have been included in a research study and allows them the opportunity to refuse to have their data included in the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Debriefing 
B)  Concealment 
C)  Unauthorized research 
D)  Scientific misconduct 
A)  Debriefing 
B)  Concealment 
C)  Unauthorized research 
D)  Scientific misconduct

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a physiological measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Definition of a type "A" behaviour pattern 
B)  Description of self-care abilities in patients with dementia 
C)  Ranges of values on two consecutive arterial blood gas analyses 
D)  Adjusted scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Scale 
A)  Definition of a type "A" behaviour pattern 
B)  Description of self-care abilities in patients with dementia 
C)  Ranges of values on two consecutive arterial blood gas analyses 
D)  Adjusted scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Scale

Question 15

Which of the following statements about physiological,or biological,measures of data is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  They involve the use of specialized equipment. 
B)  Data collection error is reduced with their use. 
C)  They can be used for both qualitative and quantitative studies. 
D)  Instruments that measure physiological phenomena represent the "gold standard" and eliminate the need to verify instrument reliability and validity. 
A)  They involve the use of specialized equipment. 
B)  Data collection error is reduced with their use. 
C)  They can be used for both qualitative and quantitative studies. 
D)  Instruments that measure physiological phenomena represent the "gold standard" and eliminate the need to verify instrument reliability and validity.

Question 16

Which of the following types of observational role is exemplified by the use of a focus group interview and audiotaping of group interactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Concealment with intervention 
B)  Concealment without intervention 
C)  No concealment with intervention 
D)  No concealment without intervention 
A)  Concealment with intervention 
B)  Concealment without intervention 
C)  No concealment with intervention 
D)  No concealment without intervention

Question 17

Which of the following terms describes the process of translating the researcher's concepts of interest into observable and measurable phenomena?

Accepted Answer

A)  Analysis 
B)  Objectivity 
C)  Consistency 
D)  Operationalization 
A)  Analysis 
B)  Objectivity 
C)  Consistency 
D)  Operationalization

Question 18

Which of the following statements about both interviews and questionnaires as data collection methods is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both seek to understand the attitudes, beliefs, and feelings of participants. 
B)  Both are analyzed by statistical methods. 
C)  Both require extensive researcher training. 
D)  Both are paper-and-pencil tests. 
A)  Both seek to understand the attitudes, beliefs, and feelings of participants. 
B)  Both are analyzed by statistical methods. 
C)  Both require extensive researcher training. 
D)  Both are paper-and-pencil tests.

Question 19

What is the most appropriate method of data collection the researcher can use to gather information from 1,000 people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Field notes 
B)  Structured interview 
C)  Unstructured interview 
D)  Survey 
A)  Field notes 
B)  Structured interview 
C)  Unstructured interview 
D)  Survey

Question 20

Which of the following methods of data collection has the lowest refusal rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Closed-ended questionnaire 
B)  Open-ended questionnaire 
C)  Physiological measurement 
D)  Interview 
A)  Closed-ended questionnaire 
B)  Open-ended questionnaire 
C)  Physiological measurement 
D)  Interview

What are the advantages of physiological data collection methods?

When are records or data-available methods of data collection appropriate?

What is the most important issue in the data collection phase of research?

When are structured,forced-response questionnaires most appropriate?

Which of the following factors or issues are most important in deciding on a method of data collection for a specific research study?

Which of the following is the most appropriate data collection method for measuring postoperative pain during the first 24 hours after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?

Which of the following data collection methods is most at risk of researcher bias?

Which of the following statements about the interview method of data collection is true?

Which data collection method would be most appropriate in studying "death anxiety" in preschool children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Which of the following terms is used to describe a change in a subject's behaviour because he or she is being observed?

What term is used to describe the process that informs subjects after an observation that they have been included in a research study and allows them the opportunity to refuse to have their data included in the study?

Which of the following is an example of a physiological measurement?

Which of the following statements about physiological,or biological,measures of data is accurate?

Which of the following types of observational role is exemplified by the use of a focus group interview and audiotaping of group interactions?

Which of the following terms describes the process of translating the researcher's concepts of interest into observable and measurable phenomena?

Which of the following statements about both interviews and questionnaires as data collection methods is true?

What is the most appropriate method of data collection the researcher can use to gather information from 1,000 people?

Which of the following methods of data collection has the lowest refusal rate?

The Role of Research in Nursing

Theoretical Framework

Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of the Research Process

Developing Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Finding and Appraising the Literature

Legal and Ethical Issues

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasiexperimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Rigour in Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Presenting the Findings

Critiquing Qualitative Research

Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Informed Practice

Filters

Exam 13: Data-Collection Methods

What are the advantages of physiological data collection methods?

When are records or data-available methods of data collection appropriate?

What is the most important issue in the data collection phase of research?

When are structured,forced-response questionnaires most appropriate?

Which of the following factors or issues are most important in deciding on a method of data collection for a specific research study?

Which of the following is the most appropriate data collection method for measuring postoperative pain during the first 24 hours after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?

Which of the following data collection methods is most at risk of researcher bias?

Which of the following statements about the interview method of data collection is true?

Which data collection method would be most appropriate in studying "death anxiety" in preschool children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Which of the following terms is used to describe a change in a subject's behaviour because he or she is being observed?

What term is used to describe the process that informs subjects after an observation that they have been included in a research study and allows them the opportunity to refuse to have their data included in the study?

Which of the following is an example of a physiological measurement?

Which of the following statements about physiological,or biological,measures of data is accurate?

Which of the following types of observational role is exemplified by the use of a focus group interview and audiotaping of group interactions?

Which of the following terms describes the process of translating the researcher's concepts of interest into observable and measurable phenomena?

Which of the following statements about both interviews and questionnaires as data collection methods is true?

What is the most appropriate method of data collection the researcher can use to gather information from 1,000 people?

Which of the following methods of data collection has the lowest refusal rate?

The Role of Research in Nursing

Theoretical Framework

Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of the Research Process

Developing Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Finding and Appraising the Literature

Legal and Ethical Issues

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasiexperimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Rigour in Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Presenting the Findings

Critiquing Qualitative Research

Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Informed Practice

Filters