Question 1

Which of the following should be included in the results section of a research report?

Accepted Answer

A)  A list of the cited literature 
B)  Interpretation of the data 
C)  Objective presentation of the research design 
D)  Recommendations for future research 
A)  A list of the cited literature 
B)  Interpretation of the data 
C)  Objective presentation of the research design 
D)  Recommendations for future research B

Question 2

What conclusion should be drawn when the research hypothesis is not supported by the findings of a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The theoretical framework is invalid. 
B)  The study findings have no relevance. 
C)  The researcher should have used a different statistical test. 
D)  The study has one or more problems that restrict adequate investigation of the phenomenon. 
A)  The theoretical framework is invalid. 
B)  The study findings have no relevance. 
C)  The researcher should have used a different statistical test. 
D)  The study has one or more problems that restrict adequate investigation of the phenomenon. D

Question 3

How should the following statements be interpreted?
(1)"There is a positive relationship between the degree of social support available to new mothers and maternal attachment scores." (2)"The Pearson correlation coefficient was r = 0.79,p <.05."

Accepted Answer

A)  The hypothesis was proven. 
B)  The hypothesis was supported. 
C)  The result was clinically significant but not statistically significant. 
D)  The statistical analysis indicates that the positive correlation was a chance event. 
A)  The hypothesis was proven. 
B)  The hypothesis was supported. 
C)  The result was clinically significant but not statistically significant. 
D)  The statistical analysis indicates that the positive correlation was a chance event. B

Question 4

What critical behaviour should investigators demonstrate when presenting their results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researcher bias 
B)  Appropriateness 
C)  Objectivity 
D)  Inference 
A)  Researcher bias 
B)  Appropriateness 
C)  Objectivity 
D)  Inference

Question 5

Researchers and reviewers should accept statistical significance with:

Accepted Answer

A)  the belief that statistically significant results are the final word. 
B)  cautious regard for how results might apply to practice. 
C)  the view that careful appraisal is needed to apply results to theory. 
D)  the idea that additional testing is not necessary. 
A)  the belief that statistically significant results are the final word. 
B)  cautious regard for how results might apply to practice. 
C)  the view that careful appraisal is needed to apply results to theory. 
D)  the idea that additional testing is not necessary.

Question 6

In a research report,which section is the most appropriate place for the description of a study's limitations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Results 
B)  Methods 
C)  Discussion 
D)  Recommendations 
A)  Results 
B)  Methods 
C)  Discussion 
D)  Recommendations

Question 7

What is exemplified by the following statement made by the researcher?
"This study represents an example of the importance of expanding the concept of family-centred care by providing health promotion services to family caregivers.Nurses working with children with special health care needs must take advantage of opportunities to promote the family's health."

Accepted Answer

A)  Results of a study 
B)  Analysis of study data 
C)  Implications for nursing practice 
D)  Recommendations for future research 
A)  Results of a study 
B)  Analysis of study data 
C)  Implications for nursing practice 
D)  Recommendations for future research

Question 8

When researchers write the "Discussion" section of a study report,what aspect of their research should they use to evaluate the findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Method 
B)  Introduction 
C)  Theoretical framework 
D)  Data analysis 
A)  Method 
B)  Introduction 
C)  Theoretical framework 
D)  Data analysis

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the use of tables in a research report is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are intended to repeat the narrative description of the results. 
B)  They should contain only statistically significant results. 
C)  Their intended use is to eliminate the need for a narrative description of the findings. 
D)  They must have clear and accurate titles and headings to be of value. 
A)  They are intended to repeat the narrative description of the results. 
B)  They should contain only statistically significant results. 
C)  Their intended use is to eliminate the need for a narrative description of the findings. 
D)  They must have clear and accurate titles and headings to be of value.

Question 10

Which of the following are included in the findings of a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Data collection and transcription 
B)  Results and discussion 
C)  Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis 
D)  Theoretical framework and conceptualization 
A)  Data collection and transcription 
B)  Results and discussion 
C)  Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis 
D)  Theoretical framework and conceptualization

Question 11

Which of the following would be appropriate in the "Discussion" section of a research report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Analysis of the data revealed that many of the women who were family caregivers were not following recommended breast cancer screening practices and lacked knowledge of these practices. This has implications for patient education in primary care settings. 
B)  The study was conducted to evaluate breast health protection behaviours of women who were family caregivers of children with special health care needs. 
C)  The findings revealed that 34.6% of women who were family caregivers performed monthly breast self-examinations, and 48% had a yearly mammogram. 
D)  The Health Belief Model was used as the conceptual framework for this study. 
A)  Analysis of the data revealed that many of the women who were family caregivers were not following recommended breast cancer screening practices and lacked knowledge of these practices. This has implications for patient education in primary care settings. 
B)  The study was conducted to evaluate breast health protection behaviours of women who were family caregivers of children with special health care needs. 
C)  The findings revealed that 34.6% of women who were family caregivers performed monthly breast self-examinations, and 48% had a yearly mammogram. 
D)  The Health Belief Model was used as the conceptual framework for this study.

Question 12

Which of the following research results is reported in an objective manner?

Accepted Answer

A)  Surprisingly, the results showed a positive relationship between marital conflict and psychological adjustment in women with a childhood history of abuse. 
B)  A distressing result was found indicating a positive relationship between maternal smoking and respiratory distress in neonates. 
C)  The results indicated a positive relationship between death anxiety and adherence to medication regimens in gay men with HIV infection or AIDS. 
D)  Interestingly, a positive relationship was found between relapse into unsafe sexual behaviours and the healthy appearance of sexual partners in HIV-positive heterosexual men. 
A)  Surprisingly, the results showed a positive relationship between marital conflict and psychological adjustment in women with a childhood history of abuse. 
B)  A distressing result was found indicating a positive relationship between maternal smoking and respiratory distress in neonates. 
C)  The results indicated a positive relationship between death anxiety and adherence to medication regimens in gay men with HIV infection or AIDS. 
D)  Interestingly, a positive relationship was found between relapse into unsafe sexual behaviours and the healthy appearance of sexual partners in HIV-positive heterosexual men.

Question 13

What is the purpose of the "Discussion" section of a research report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Objective presentation of data 
B)  Interpretation of the study's meaning 
C)  Opportunity to thank the researcher's co-workers 
D)  Examination of the suitability of the research design to its stated purpose 
A)  Objective presentation of data 
B)  Interpretation of the study's meaning 
C)  Opportunity to thank the researcher's co-workers 
D)  Examination of the suitability of the research design to its stated purpose

Question 14

Which of the following terms describes the researcher's suggestions for a study's application to practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Findings 
B)  Limitations 
C)  Generalizability 
D)  Recommendations 
A)  Findings 
B)  Limitations 
C)  Generalizability 
D)  Recommendations

Question 15

Generalization of a study's findings to populations beyond the one on which the study is based,whether by investigators or reviewers,is:

Accepted Answer

A)  accurate. 
B)  appropriate. 
C)  inappropriate. 
D)  supportable. 
A)  accurate. 
B)  appropriate. 
C)  inappropriate. 
D)  supportable.

Question 16

Which of the following terms is used to describe the quantification of the uncertainty of a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confidence interval 
B)  Retro-evaluation 
C)  Theoretical critique 
D)  Interpretation of analysis 
A)  Confidence interval 
B)  Retro-evaluation 
C)  Theoretical critique 
D)  Interpretation of analysis

Question 17

What is the primary role of figures and tables in a research report?

Accepted Answer

A)  To substantiate the researcher's conclusions 
B)  To develop a framework for future research in the area 
C)  To clarify which variable was treated as an independent variable 
D)  To facilitate the presentation of large amounts of data 
A)  To substantiate the researcher's conclusions 
B)  To develop a framework for future research in the area 
C)  To clarify which variable was treated as an independent variable 
D)  To facilitate the presentation of large amounts of data

Question 18

Which of the following is represented by the discussion of a study's weaknesses and limitations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Design 
B)  Scientific value 
C)  Generalizability 
D)  Prospects for publication 
A)  Design 
B)  Scientific value 
C)  Generalizability 
D)  Prospects for publication

Question 19

Questions such as "What contributions to nursing does this study make?" and "What are the strength,quality,and consistency of the evidence provided by the findings?" are posed to the investigator.Which part of the "Discussion" section do they stimulate the investigator to describe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inferences 
B)  Summary 
C)  Limitations 
D)  Recommendations 
A)  Inferences 
B)  Summary 
C)  Limitations 
D)  Recommendations

Question 20

Which of the following components is usually presented first in a research report's "Results" section?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothesis or research question 
B)  Descriptive statistics 
C)  Literature review 
D)  Theoretical framework 
A)  Hypothesis or research question 
B)  Descriptive statistics 
C)  Literature review 
D)  Theoretical framework

Which of the following should be included in the results section of a research report?

What conclusion should be drawn when the research hypothesis is not supported by the findings of a study?

How should the following statements be interpreted? (1)"There is a positive relationship between the degree of social support available to new mothers and maternal attachment scores." (2)"The Pearson correlation coefficient was r = 0.79,p <.05."

What critical behaviour should investigators demonstrate when presenting their results?

Researchers and reviewers should accept statistical significance with:

In a research report,which section is the most appropriate place for the description of a study's limitations?

When researchers write the "Discussion" section of a study report,what aspect of their research should they use to evaluate the findings?

Which of the following statements about the use of tables in a research report is correct?

Which of the following are included in the findings of a study?

Which of the following would be appropriate in the "Discussion" section of a research report?

Which of the following research results is reported in an objective manner?

What is the purpose of the "Discussion" section of a research report?

Which of the following terms describes the researcher's suggestions for a study's application to practice?

Generalization of a study's findings to populations beyond the one on which the study is based,whether by investigators or reviewers,is:

Which of the following terms is used to describe the quantification of the uncertainty of a statistic?

What is the primary role of figures and tables in a research report?

Which of the following is represented by the discussion of a study's weaknesses and limitations?

Questions such as "What contributions to nursing does this study make?" and "What are the strength,quality,and consistency of the evidence provided by the findings?" are posed to the investigator.Which part of the "Discussion" section do they stimulate the investigator to describe?

Which of the following components is usually presented first in a research report's "Results" section?

The Role of Research in Nursing

Theoretical Framework

Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of the Research Process

Developing Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Finding and Appraising the Literature

Legal and Ethical Issues

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasiexperimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Data-Collection Methods

Rigour in Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Critiquing Qualitative Research

Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Informed Practice

Filters

Exam 17: Presenting the Findings

Which of the following should be included in the results section of a research report?

What conclusion should be drawn when the research hypothesis is not supported by the findings of a study?

How should the following statements be interpreted? (1)"There is a positive relationship between the degree of social support available to new mothers and maternal attachment scores." (2)"The Pearson correlation coefficient was r = 0.79,p <.05."

What critical behaviour should investigators demonstrate when presenting their results?

Researchers and reviewers should accept statistical significance with:

In a research report,which section is the most appropriate place for the description of a study's limitations?

When researchers write the "Discussion" section of a study report,what aspect of their research should they use to evaluate the findings?

Which of the following statements about the use of tables in a research report is correct?

Which of the following are included in the findings of a study?

Which of the following would be appropriate in the "Discussion" section of a research report?

Which of the following research results is reported in an objective manner?

What is the purpose of the "Discussion" section of a research report?

Which of the following terms describes the researcher's suggestions for a study's application to practice?

Generalization of a study's findings to populations beyond the one on which the study is based,whether by investigators or reviewers,is:

Which of the following terms is used to describe the quantification of the uncertainty of a statistic?

What is the primary role of figures and tables in a research report?

Which of the following is represented by the discussion of a study's weaknesses and limitations?

Questions such as "What contributions to nursing does this study make?" and "What are the strength,quality,and consistency of the evidence provided by the findings?" are posed to the investigator.Which part of the "Discussion" section do they stimulate the investigator to describe?

Which of the following components is usually presented first in a research report's "Results" section?

The Role of Research in Nursing

Theoretical Framework

Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of the Research Process

Developing Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Finding and Appraising the Literature

Legal and Ethical Issues

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasiexperimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Data-Collection Methods

Rigour in Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Critiquing Qualitative Research

Critiquing Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Informed Practice

Filters