Question 1

Identify which galaxy type matches each image below.

Accepted Answer

A) A = spiral; B = barred spiral, C = irregular, D= elliptical 
B) A = barred spiral; B = spiral, C = irregular, D= elliptical 
C) A = barred spiral; B = irregular, C = elliptical, D = spiral 
D) A = irregular; B = spiral, C = barred spiral, D= elliptical 
A) A = spiral; B = barred spiral, C = irregular, D= elliptical 
B) A = barred spiral; B = spiral, C = irregular, D= elliptical 
C) A = barred spiral; B = irregular, C = elliptical, D = spiral 
D) A = irregular; B = spiral, C = barred spiral, D= elliptical

Question 2

Identify the three internal layers of our Sun using the figure below.

Accepted Answer

A) A = solar core; B = radiation zone; C = convection zone 
B) A = radiation zone; B = sunspot; C = convection zone 
C) A = convection zone; B = solar core; C = convection zone 
D) A = radiation zone; B = convection zone; C = solar core 
A) A = solar core; B = radiation zone; C = convection zone 
B) A = radiation zone; B = sunspot; C = convection zone 
C) A = convection zone; B = solar core; C = convection zone 
D) A = radiation zone; B = convection zone; C = solar core

Question 3

The Sun's three internal layers are

Accepted Answer

A) solar surface, hydrogen zone, and convective zone. 
B) solar core, radiative zone, and convective zone. 
C) plasma, radiative zone, and sun spots. 
D) plasma, solar prominence, and convective currents. 
A) solar surface, hydrogen zone, and convective zone. 
B) solar core, radiative zone, and convective zone. 
C) plasma, radiative zone, and sun spots. 
D) plasma, solar prominence, and convective currents.

Question 4

Describe and explain the impact of dark matter in our Universe.

Accepted Answer

Astronomers remain puzzled as to how gra

Question 5

What will be the fate of Earth when the Sun's hydrogen fuel is exhausted?

Accepted Answer

A) Earth will be consumed as our Sun transitions into a black hole. 
B) As our Sun's outer layers expand, Earth will become engulfed by a red giant. 
C) Earth will become engulfed as our Sun's outer layers contract and become a white dwarf. 
D) Nothing will happen to Earth. 
A) Earth will be consumed as our Sun transitions into a black hole. 
B) As our Sun's outer layers expand, Earth will become engulfed by a red giant. 
C) Earth will become engulfed as our Sun's outer layers contract and become a white dwarf. 
D) Nothing will happen to Earth.

Question 6

Label the key features of the Milky Way galaxy using the features below.

Accepted Answer

A = galactic disk, B

Question 7

If you plot the positions of thousands of stars on the H-R diagram, most of those stars fall along the main sequence. Why are so many stars found along this line rather than in other parts of the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) A star will remain a main sequence as long as there is enough atomic power. 
B) High-mass stars are so massive that they will consume their fuel slowly. 
C) A star will remain a main sequence as long as there is enough fuel to consume. 
D) A low-mass star will consume its fuel and the star is so small that fuel will run out quickly. 
A) A star will remain a main sequence as long as there is enough atomic power. 
B) High-mass stars are so massive that they will consume their fuel slowly. 
C) A star will remain a main sequence as long as there is enough fuel to consume. 
D) A low-mass star will consume its fuel and the star is so small that fuel will run out quickly.

Question 8

Currently, astronomers think that since the Big Bang the Universe

Accepted Answer

A) has continued to shrink at a constant rate. 
B) has continued to shrink at an irregular rate. 
C) has continued to expand at an irregular rate. 
D) will continue to expand at a constant rate. 
A) has continued to shrink at a constant rate. 
B) has continued to shrink at an irregular rate. 
C) has continued to expand at an irregular rate. 
D) will continue to expand at a constant rate.

Question 9

The Sun currently falls on the main sequence of the H-R diagram. How will it evolve as it nears the end of its life as a visible star?

Accepted Answer

The death of a star with the mass of the

Question 10

How might expansion rates of the Universe change in the future, and what would such changes mean for the future of the Universe?

Accepted Answer

If the gravity of our Universe becomes s

Question 11

If the Universe becomes larger and larger, its matter will become more and more dispersed and eventually, in this scenario, all that will be left are

Accepted Answer

A) the black holes. 
B) the nebula. 
C) neutron stars. 
D) very long-lived red-dwarf stars. 
A) the black holes. 
B) the nebula. 
C) neutron stars. 
D) very long-lived red-dwarf stars.

Question 12

When a bright eruption of plasma shoots out of the Sun's surface, it releases a huge number of particles as well as energy in the form of x-rays and UV rays. This explosion of energy at the Sun's surface is called a

Accepted Answer

A) sunspot. 
B) solar cycle. 
C) solar flare. 
D) solar prominence. 
A) sunspot. 
B) solar cycle. 
C) solar flare. 
D) solar prominence.

Question 13

Which is the closest star relative to Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) the Sun 
B) Alpha Centauri 
C) the North Star 
D) Proxima Centauri 
A) the Sun 
B) Alpha Centauri 
C) the North Star 
D) Proxima Centauri

Question 14

The measure of power for the electromagnetic energy emitted by a star in a specified amount of time is known as the star's

Accepted Answer

A) luminosity. 
B) absolute magnitude. 
C) apparent magnitude. 
D) temperature. 
A) luminosity. 
B) absolute magnitude. 
C) apparent magnitude. 
D) temperature.

Question 15

Our Milky Way is classified as a(n) ____________ galaxy.

Accepted Answer

A) spherical 
B) spiral 
C) irregular 
D) barred spiral 
A) spherical 
B) spiral 
C) irregular 
D) barred spiral

Question 16

What mechanism is responsible for producing the energy that comes from inside the Sun?

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear fission 
B) atomic hydrogen 
C) nuclear fusion 
D) atomic fission 
A) nuclear fission 
B) atomic hydrogen 
C) nuclear fusion 
D) atomic fission

Question 17

How do astronomers differentiate galaxies from one another?

Accepted Answer

Edwin Hubble classified galaxies into fo

Question 18

In which spectral class is a yellow star like our Sun?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) O 
C) G 
D) M 
A) A 
B) O 
C) G 
D) M

Question 19

The energy of a nova is provided when

Accepted Answer

A) a dying binary star becomes a black dwarf. 
B) a dying star in which one of the individual stars has become a white dwarf provides a temperature change for the new star. 
C) mass passes from one star to another in a dying binary star in which one of the individual stars has become a white dwarf. 
D) mass passes from one star to another in a growing binary star as it becomes a red dwarf. 
A) a dying binary star becomes a black dwarf. 
B) a dying star in which one of the individual stars has become a white dwarf provides a temperature change for the new star. 
C) mass passes from one star to another in a dying binary star in which one of the individual stars has become a white dwarf. 
D) mass passes from one star to another in a growing binary star as it becomes a red dwarf.

Question 20

Astronomers describe the apparent brightness of stars using a scheme that classifies starsvisible to the naked eye using a scale divided into ____________, with 1 being the brightest and 6 being the faintest.

Accepted Answer

A) luminosity 
B) apparent magnitude 
C) absolute magnitude 
D) temperature 
A) luminosity 
B) apparent magnitude 
C) absolute magnitude 
D) temperature

Exam 23: The Sun, Stars, and Deep Space

Identify which galaxy type matches each image below.

Identify the three internal layers of our Sun using the figure below.

The Sun's three internal layers are

Describe and explain the impact of dark matter in our Universe.

What will be the fate of Earth when the Sun's hydrogen fuel is exhausted?

Label the key features of the Milky Way galaxy using the features below.

If you plot the positions of thousands of stars on the H-R diagram, most of those stars fall along the main sequence. Why are so many stars found along this line rather than in other parts of the diagram?

Currently, astronomers think that since the Big Bang the Universe

The Sun currently falls on the main sequence of the H-R diagram. How will it evolve as it nears the end of its life as a visible star?

How might expansion rates of the Universe change in the future, and what would such changes mean for the future of the Universe?

If the Universe becomes larger and larger, its matter will become more and more dispersed and eventually, in this scenario, all that will be left are

When a bright eruption of plasma shoots out of the Sun's surface, it releases a huge number of particles as well as energy in the form of x-rays and UV rays. This explosion of energy at the Sun's surface is called a

Which is the closest star relative to Earth?

The measure of power for the electromagnetic energy emitted by a star in a specified amount of time is known as the star's

Our Milky Way is classified as a(n) ____________ galaxy.

What mechanism is responsible for producing the energy that comes from inside the Sun?

How do astronomers differentiate galaxies from one another?

In which spectral class is a yellow star like our Sun?

The energy of a nova is provided when

Astronomers describe the apparent brightness of stars using a scheme that classifies starsvisible to the naked eye using a scale divided into ____________, with 1 being the brightest and 6 being the faintest.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

A Process of Change: Metamorphism and the Rock Cycle

Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Shaping the Earths Surface: Landscapes, the Hydrologic Cycle, and Mass Wasting

Freshwater: Streams, Lakes, and Groundwater

Extreme Realms: Desert and Glacial Landscapes

Ocean Waters: the Blue of the Blue Marble

Marine Geology: the Study of Ocean Basins and Coasts

The Air We Breathe: Introducing Earths Atmosphere

Winds of the World: the Earths Major Weather Systems

Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Local Weather Systems

Climate and Climate Change

Our Solar System and Beyond

Our Neighborhood in Space

Prelude: Welcome to Earth Science

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