Question 1

Mineral resources are

Accepted Answer

A) renewable because they are naturally formed. 
B) renewable because we use them at slower rates than they are formed. 
C) nonrenewable because they are formed at slower rates than we use them. 
D) nonrenewable because they are no longer formed. 
A) renewable because they are naturally formed. 
B) renewable because we use them at slower rates than they are formed. 
C) nonrenewable because they are formed at slower rates than we use them. 
D) nonrenewable because they are no longer formed.

Question 2

A buried body of rock that is induced by heat to exude oil is termed a ____________ rock.

Accepted Answer

A) reservoir 
B) seal 
C) source 
D) trap 
A) reservoir 
B) seal 
C) source 
D) trap

Question 3

In 1900, the most commonly used source of energy in the United States was

Accepted Answer

A)  coal. 
B)  oil. 
C) natural gas. 
D) hydrothermal. 
A)  coal. 
B)  oil. 
C) natural gas. 
D) hydrothermal.

Question 4

A large portion of the coal reserves in the world formed during the ____________ period.

Accepted Answer

A) Jurassic 
B) Silurian 
C) Carboniferous 
D) Permian 
A) Jurassic 
B) Silurian 
C) Carboniferous 
D) Permian

Question 5

If the average geothermal gradient in an area is 15°C/km, oil shale must be buried at depths of greater than ____________ but no more than ____________ to be transformed into oil.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 km; 15 km 
B) 3 km; 6 km 
C) 6 km; 15 km 
D) 6 km; 10 km 
A) 10 km; 15 km 
B) 3 km; 6 km 
C) 6 km; 15 km 
D) 6 km; 10 km

Question 6

A reservoir rock contains ____________ porosity and permeability, whereas a seal rock contains ____________ porosity and permeability.

Accepted Answer

A) higher; lower 
B) lower; higher 
C) no; high 
D) no; low 
A) higher; lower 
B) lower; higher 
C) no; high 
D) no; low

Question 7

Which of the following is a nonmetal mineral formed by evaporation and used to make drywall?

Accepted Answer

A) sulfur 
B) gypsum 
C) zinc 
D) marble 
A) sulfur 
B) gypsum 
C) zinc 
D) marble

Question 8

Explain Hubbert's Peak. What implications does it have for the future of human civilization?

Accepted Answer

In the 1960s, geologist M. King Hubbert

Question 9

In what types of rocks are ore minerals found?

Accepted Answer

A) only in igneous rocks 
B) only in igneous and sedimentary rocks 
C) only in igneous and metamorphic rocks 
D) in igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks 
A) only in igneous rocks 
B) only in igneous and sedimentary rocks 
C) only in igneous and metamorphic rocks 
D) in igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks

Question 10

The stereotypical gold rush prospector panning for gold in a streambed is an example of exploiting ____________ deposits.

Accepted Answer

A) magmatic 
B) placer 
C) residual mineral 
D) sedimentary 
A) magmatic 
B) placer 
C) residual mineral 
D) sedimentary

Question 11

Source rocks are always sedimentary because sedimentary rocks

Accepted Answer

A) are the only rocks that contain fossils. 
B) are most abundant at the surface. 
C) contain pores for plankton to live in. 
D) are the only rocks formed in the ocean. 
A) are the only rocks that contain fossils. 
B) are most abundant at the surface. 
C) contain pores for plankton to live in. 
D) are the only rocks formed in the ocean.

Question 12

Which of the following occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom?

Accepted Answer

A) fusion 
B) fission 
C) enrichment 
D) atomic splicing 
A) fusion 
B) fission 
C) enrichment 
D) atomic splicing

Question 13

In a nuclear reactor, failure of control rods may cause the system to become too hot and melt down because the control rods absorb ____________ and thus decrease the number of atoms undergoing ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) radiation; decay 
B) radiation; fusion 
C) neutrons; fission 
D) neutrons; fusion 
A) radiation; decay 
B) radiation; fusion 
C) neutrons; fission 
D) neutrons; fusion

Question 14

Gold is often found at the bottom of streambeds in placer deposits. Describe the process that forms these deposits.

Accepted Answer

When rocks containing native metals such

Question 15

Which of the following nonmetallic resources has an igneous origin?

Accepted Answer

A) salt 
B) granite 
C) limestone 
D) gypsum 
A) salt 
B) granite 
C) limestone 
D) gypsum

Question 16

Which organic substance is produced by black organic shale at temperatures below (cooler than) the oil window?

Accepted Answer

A) natural gas 
B) coal 
C) kerogen 
D) keratin 
A) natural gas 
B) coal 
C) kerogen 
D) keratin

Question 17

Which sequence shows an increase in coal rank from lowest to highest?

Accepted Answer

A) anthracite, bituminous, lignite 
B) lignite, bituminous, anthracite 
C) bituminous, lignite, anthracite 
D) bituminous, anthracite, lignite 
A) anthracite, bituminous, lignite 
B) lignite, bituminous, anthracite 
C) bituminous, lignite, anthracite 
D) bituminous, anthracite, lignite

Question 18

What is an example of a conventional hydrocarbon reserve?

Accepted Answer

A) shale gas 
B) tar sand 
C) oil shale 
D) crude oil 
A) shale gas 
B) tar sand 
C) oil shale 
D) crude oil

Question 19

Salt and fine-grained limestone are good candidates to serve as ____________ within an oil field.

Accepted Answer

A) a reservoir rock 
B) a seal rock 
C) a source rock 
D) either a source rock or a reservoir rock 
A) a reservoir rock 
B) a seal rock 
C) a source rock 
D) either a source rock or a reservoir rock

Question 20

A ____________ rock would make the best reservoir rock in a conventional hydrocarbon system.

Accepted Answer

A) high-porosity, high-permeability 
B) low-porosity, low-permeability 
C) high-porosity, low-permeability 
D) low-porosity, high-permeability 
A) high-porosity, high-permeability 
B) low-porosity, low-permeability 
C) high-porosity, low-permeability 
D) low-porosity, high-permeability

Exam 11: Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Mineral resources are

A buried body of rock that is induced by heat to exude oil is termed a ____________ rock.

In 1900, the most commonly used source of energy in the United States was

A large portion of the coal reserves in the world formed during the ____________ period.

If the average geothermal gradient in an area is 15°C/km, oil shale must be buried at depths of greater than ____________ but no more than ____________ to be transformed into oil.

A reservoir rock contains ____________ porosity and permeability, whereas a seal rock contains ____________ porosity and permeability.

Which of the following is a nonmetal mineral formed by evaporation and used to make drywall?

Explain Hubbert's Peak. What implications does it have for the future of human civilization?

In what types of rocks are ore minerals found?

The stereotypical gold rush prospector panning for gold in a streambed is an example of exploiting ____________ deposits.

Source rocks are always sedimentary because sedimentary rocks

Which of the following occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom?

In a nuclear reactor, failure of control rods may cause the system to become too hot and melt down because the control rods absorb ____________ and thus decrease the number of atoms undergoing ____________.

Gold is often found at the bottom of streambeds in placer deposits. Describe the process that forms these deposits.

Which of the following nonmetallic resources has an igneous origin?

Which organic substance is produced by black organic shale at temperatures below (cooler than) the oil window?

Which sequence shows an increase in coal rank from lowest to highest?

What is an example of a conventional hydrocarbon reserve?

Salt and fine-grained limestone are good candidates to serve as ____________ within an oil field.

A ____________ rock would make the best reservoir rock in a conventional hydrocarbon system.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

A Process of Change: Metamorphism and the Rock Cycle

Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Shaping the Earths Surface: Landscapes, the Hydrologic Cycle, and Mass Wasting

Freshwater: Streams, Lakes, and Groundwater

Extreme Realms: Desert and Glacial Landscapes

Ocean Waters: the Blue of the Blue Marble

Marine Geology: the Study of Ocean Basins and Coasts

The Air We Breathe: Introducing Earths Atmosphere

Winds of the World: the Earths Major Weather Systems

Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Local Weather Systems

Climate and Climate Change

Our Solar System and Beyond

Our Neighborhood in Space

The Sun, Stars, and Deep Space

Prelude: Welcome to Earth Science

Filters

If the average geothermal gradient in an area is 15°C/km, oil shale must be buried at depths of greater than but no more than to be transformed into oil.

A reservoir rock contains porosity and permeability, whereas a seal rock contains porosity and permeability.

In a nuclear reactor, failure of control rods may cause the system to become too hot and melt down because the control rods absorb and thus decrease the number of atoms undergoing .