Question 1

Distinguish between cement and concrete. Explain how cement is produced. Describe why cement and concrete are so important to society.

Accepted Answer

Cement is a powdered mixture of lime (Ca

Question 2

A mineral that consists of only metal atoms is known as a(n) ____________ metal.

Accepted Answer

A) native 
B) ore 
C) industrial 
D) rare earth 
A) native 
B) ore 
C) industrial 
D) rare earth

Question 3

Nonrenewable energy resources have adverse environmental impacts and will eventually run out. Analyze why they are still used so prevalently in our society.

Accepted Answer

Nonrenewable energy resources (specifica

Question 4

Explain how sources of energy for society have changed over time.

Accepted Answer

Initially, the primary source of energy

Question 5

Stone used for buildings, chemicals in fertilizers, and sand used to make glass are all examples of mineral resources known as

Accepted Answer

A) tailings. 
B) industrial minerals. 
C) clinker. 
D) slag. 
A) tailings. 
B) industrial minerals. 
C) clinker. 
D) slag.

Question 6

Describe how oil is formed. Make sure to address what organisms must accumulate, in what environment they must be deposited, and how the oil window effects the formation.

Accepted Answer

Oil is formed when microscopic plankton

Question 7

If oil shale is buried deep enough to attain a temperature of 200°C, what is formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  gas 
B) oil 
C) graphite 
D) kerogen 
A)  gas 
B) oil 
C) graphite 
D) kerogen

Question 8

What are biofuels? Identify some examples of biofuels.

Accepted Answer

Biofuels are biomasses that have been tr

Question 9

Which of the following lists contains only fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A)  coal, oil, natural gas 
B)  coal, geothermal, wind 
C)  nuclear, wood, natural gas 
D)  hydroelectric, geothermal, wind 
A)  coal, oil, natural gas 
B)  coal, geothermal, wind 
C)  nuclear, wood, natural gas 
D)  hydroelectric, geothermal, wind

Question 10

Which of the following would make the best reservoir rock in a conventional hydrocarbon system?

Accepted Answer

A) poorly-cemented shale 
B) hydrofractured shale 
C) poorly-cemented sandstone 
D) well-cemented sandstone 
A) poorly-cemented shale 
B) hydrofractured shale 
C) poorly-cemented sandstone 
D) well-cemented sandstone

Question 11

Limestone is often used as dimension stone and also as crushed stone. If a mining company wishes to establish a new limestone quarry, what type of depositional environment should they look for in the rock record?

Accepted Answer

A) deep marine 
B) coastal estuaries 
C) shallow marine 
D) desert playa lakes 
A) deep marine 
B) coastal estuaries 
C) shallow marine 
D) desert playa lakes

Question 12

What is a seismic reflection profile? Summarize how they can be used in oil exploration.

Accepted Answer

A seismic reflection profile is a cross

Question 13

The industrial process that separates metals from ore material is known as

Accepted Answer

A) quarrying. 
B) mountaintop removal mining. 
C) smelting. 
D) ore processing 
A) quarrying. 
B) mountaintop removal mining. 
C) smelting. 
D) ore processing

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a likely environmental issue associated with mining operations (both underground and on the surface)?

Accepted Answer

A)  acid mine runoff 
B)  acid rain 
C) earthquakes 
D) large manmade topographic depressions (holes) on Earth's surface 
A)  acid mine runoff 
B)  acid rain 
C) earthquakes 
D) large manmade topographic depressions (holes) on Earth's surface

Question 15

Fission occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom, causing it to split into smaller daughter atoms and in the process releasing

Accepted Answer

A)  protons. 
B)  anions. 
C) energy. 
D) electrons. 
A)  protons. 
B)  anions. 
C) energy. 
D) electrons.

Question 16

Coal is formed when heat and pressure alter deposits of ancient

Accepted Answer

A) kerogen. 
B) plankton. 
C) terrestrial plants 
D) tar. 
A) kerogen. 
B) plankton. 
C) terrestrial plants 
D) tar.

Question 17

The image below is of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in Southern California, which was shut down in 2012 because of safety concerns. Which of the following alternative energy resources could be used in this environment to replace the energy generated by the nuclear power plant?

Accepted Answer

A) geothermal 
B) tidal 
C) biomass 
D) fuel cells 
A) geothermal 
B) tidal 
C) biomass 
D) fuel cells

Question 18

In which of these geologic settings are you most likely to find anthracite coal forming?

Accepted Answer

A) bottom of sedimentary basins 
B) edges of mountain ranges 
C) margins of igneous plutons 
D) bottom of swampy areas 
A) bottom of sedimentary basins 
B) edges of mountain ranges 
C) margins of igneous plutons 
D) bottom of swampy areas

Question 19

The classification of coal is based on the concentration of carbon in the rock. Which of the following chain of processes causes the concentration of carbon to increase?

Accepted Answer

A) burial  decay of plant matter  release of organic molecules  concentration of carbon 
B) burial  chemical reactions  release of gases  concentration of carbon 
C) decay of plant matter  burial release of gases  concentration of carbon 
D) chemical reactions  burial  release of gases  concentration of carbon 
A) burial  decay of plant matter  release of organic molecules  concentration of carbon 
B) burial  chemical reactions  release of gases  concentration of carbon 
C) decay of plant matter  burial release of gases  concentration of carbon 
D) chemical reactions  burial  release of gases  concentration of carbon

Question 20

Categorize the differences between a renewable and nonrenewable resource. What are some examples of each?

Accepted Answer

By definition, renewable resources can b

Exam 11: Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Distinguish between cement and concrete. Explain how cement is produced. Describe why cement and concrete are so important to society.

A mineral that consists of only metal atoms is known as a(n) ____________ metal.

Nonrenewable energy resources have adverse environmental impacts and will eventually run out. Analyze why they are still used so prevalently in our society.

Explain how sources of energy for society have changed over time.

Stone used for buildings, chemicals in fertilizers, and sand used to make glass are all examples of mineral resources known as

Describe how oil is formed. Make sure to address what organisms must accumulate, in what environment they must be deposited, and how the oil window effects the formation.

If oil shale is buried deep enough to attain a temperature of 200°C, what is formed?

What are biofuels? Identify some examples of biofuels.

Which of the following lists contains only fossil fuels?

Which of the following would make the best reservoir rock in a conventional hydrocarbon system?

Limestone is often used as dimension stone and also as crushed stone. If a mining company wishes to establish a new limestone quarry, what type of depositional environment should they look for in the rock record?

What is a seismic reflection profile? Summarize how they can be used in oil exploration.

The industrial process that separates metals from ore material is known as

Which of the following is NOT a likely environmental issue associated with mining operations (both underground and on the surface)?

Fission occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom, causing it to split into smaller daughter atoms and in the process releasing

Coal is formed when heat and pressure alter deposits of ancient

The image below is of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in Southern California, which was shut down in 2012 because of safety concerns. Which of the following alternative energy resources could be used in this environment to replace the energy generated by the nuclear power plant?

In which of these geologic settings are you most likely to find anthracite coal forming?

The classification of coal is based on the concentration of carbon in the rock. Which of the following chain of processes causes the concentration of carbon to increase?

Categorize the differences between a renewable and nonrenewable resource. What are some examples of each?

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

A Process of Change: Metamorphism and the Rock Cycle

Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Shaping the Earths Surface: Landscapes, the Hydrologic Cycle, and Mass Wasting

Freshwater: Streams, Lakes, and Groundwater

Extreme Realms: Desert and Glacial Landscapes

Ocean Waters: the Blue of the Blue Marble

Marine Geology: the Study of Ocean Basins and Coasts

The Air We Breathe: Introducing Earths Atmosphere

Winds of the World: the Earths Major Weather Systems

Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Local Weather Systems

Climate and Climate Change

Our Solar System and Beyond

Our Neighborhood in Space

The Sun, Stars, and Deep Space

Prelude: Welcome to Earth Science

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