Question 1

David Riesman described other-directed social character as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  eagerness to adopt the latest fashions and fads 
B)  rigid conformity to established ways of life 
C)  being highly individualistic 
D)  an unwillingness to adopt the latest fashions and fads 
A)  eagerness to adopt the latest fashions and fads 
B)  rigid conformity to established ways of life 
C)  being highly individualistic 
D)  an unwillingness to adopt the latest fashions and fads

Question 2

The Kaiapo of Brazil's rainforest show us that

Accepted Answer

A)  "progress" is typically good. 
B)  social change is usually good for everyone. 
C)  people do not have to change if they do not want to. 
D)  people sometimes gain money at the cost of losing their cultural foundation. 
A)  "progress" is typically good. 
B)  social change is usually good for everyone. 
C)  people do not have to change if they do not want to. 
D)  people sometimes gain money at the cost of losing their cultural foundation.

Question 3

Develop an essay that highlights various qualities of modern societies following (a) mass-society theory and (b) class-society theory. Carefully describe modern societies in such a way as to bring out the differences in the two theories. On what points do they agree? In your opinion, which is the more convincing argument? Why?

Accepted Answer

Modern societies can be analyzed through

Question 4

"Postmodernity" refers to societies transformed by the Industrial Revolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In the post-industrial world, control of the "means of production"-using Marxist terms-means access to

Accepted Answer

A)  wealth. 
B)  information. 
C)  power. 
D)  industrial capital. 
A)  wealth. 
B)  information. 
C)  power. 
D)  industrial capital.

Question 6

Mass-society theory argues that the scale of social life is increasing, leaving people feeling lost in a world of vast and impersonal bureaucracies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Individuals experience modern mass societies in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  pronounced moral relativism. 
B)  little personal choice. 
C)  too little privacy. 
D)  powerlessness. 
A)  pronounced moral relativism. 
B)  little personal choice. 
C)  too little privacy. 
D)  powerlessness.

Question 8

Karl Marx understood modernity in terms of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the rise of rationality 
B)  increasing productive specialization 
C)  the rise of the capitalist economic system 
D)  the loss of traditional community 
A)  the rise of rationality 
B)  increasing productive specialization 
C)  the rise of the capitalist economic system 
D)  the loss of traditional community

Question 9

Difficulty forming a personal identity is a problem of modernity highlighted by mass-society theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Social change results from invention, discovery, and cultural diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Modernity is the concept used for the social patterns that began to change the world about when?

Accepted Answer

A)  the 1490s 
B)  the 1600s 
C)  the 1750s 
D)  the 1920s 
A)  the 1490s 
B)  the 1600s 
C)  the 1750s 
D)  the 1920s

Question 12

Emile Durkheim understood modernization in terms of changes in societal solidarity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Karl Marx highlighted which of the following in the process of social change?

Accepted Answer

A)  invention 
B)  ideas 
C)  social conflict 
D)  cultural diffusion 
A)  invention 
B)  ideas 
C)  social conflict 
D)  cultural diffusion

Question 14

The theory of postmodernity claims that, in important respects, modernity has failed to live up to its promise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The fact that the coins we use were an idea that came from the Middle East centuries ago is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  invention 
B)  discovery 
C)  diffusion 
D)  exclusion 
A)  invention 
B)  discovery 
C)  diffusion 
D)  exclusion

Question 16

Sociologists point out that

Accepted Answer

A)  some societies change and others do not. 
B)  social change happens all the time. 
C)  all social change is good. 
D)  social change occurs in fits and starts. 
A)  some societies change and others do not. 
B)  social change happens all the time. 
C)  all social change is good. 
D)  social change occurs in fits and starts.

Question 17

Which of the following four statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The future probably will not be as good as the present. 
B)  Science does not hold all the answers. 
C)  Cultural debates are intensifying. 
D)  The family and other social institutions are not changing. 
A)  The future probably will not be as good as the present. 
B)  Science does not hold all the answers. 
C)  Cultural debates are intensifying. 
D)  The family and other social institutions are not changing.

Question 18

To say that modern society has a "mass scale" means that many fewer people

Accepted Answer

A)  live in small communities. 
B)  have a strong sense of cultural heritage. 
C)  are very sure about what is right and wrong. 
D)  live in large metropolitan centres. 
A)  live in small communities. 
B)  have a strong sense of cultural heritage. 
C)  are very sure about what is right and wrong. 
D)  live in large metropolitan centres.

Question 19

According to Emile Durkheim, modern societies are held together by difference, a process he called "organic solidarity."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a trait that Berger links to modernity?

Accepted Answer

A)  the decline of large cities 
B)  the expansion of personal choice 
C)  increasing social diversity 
D)  a future orientation and growing awareness of time 
A)  the decline of large cities 
B)  the expansion of personal choice 
C)  increasing social diversity 
D)  a future orientation and growing awareness of time

Exam 24: Social Change: Traditional, Modern, and Postmodern Societies

David Riesman described other-directed social character as which of the following?

The Kaiapo of Brazil's rainforest show us that

"Postmodernity" refers to societies transformed by the Industrial Revolution.

In the post-industrial world, control of the "means of production"-using Marxist terms-means access to

Mass-society theory argues that the scale of social life is increasing, leaving people feeling lost in a world of vast and impersonal bureaucracies.

Individuals experience modern mass societies in terms of

Karl Marx understood modernity in terms of which of the following?

Difficulty forming a personal identity is a problem of modernity highlighted by mass-society theory.

Social change results from invention, discovery, and cultural diffusion.

Modernity is the concept used for the social patterns that began to change the world about when?

Emile Durkheim understood modernization in terms of changes in societal solidarity.

Karl Marx highlighted which of the following in the process of social change?

The theory of postmodernity claims that, in important respects, modernity has failed to live up to its promise.

The fact that the coins we use were an idea that came from the Middle East centuries ago is an example of which of the following?

Sociologists point out that

Which of the following four statements is FALSE?

To say that modern society has a "mass scale" means that many fewer people

According to Emile Durkheim, modern societies are held together by difference, a process he called "organic solidarity."

Which of the following is NOT a trait that Berger links to modernity?

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