Question 1

Biological factors, including genetics, explain most criminal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Every society punishes offenders. Write an essay in which you explain four justifications for punishment. Point out how each has come to the fore at different times in history, and explain this pattern as best you can. What evidence is there that punishment actually accomplishes what we say it does?

Accepted Answer

Punishment has been a fundamental aspect

Question 3

According to Elliot Currie, factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural homogeneity. 
B)  a lack of interest in punishing offenders. 
C)  the high level of immigration. 
D)  emphasis on individual economic success, which weakens the social fabric. 
A)  cultural homogeneity. 
B)  a lack of interest in punishing offenders. 
C)  the high level of immigration. 
D)  emphasis on individual economic success, which weakens the social fabric.

Question 4

Identify four justifications for punishment.

Accepted Answer

1. Retribution: This justification for p

Question 5

Today in Canada, women are arrested for serious street crime as often as men are.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crime typically have little concern about the consequences of their behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Compare and contrast the structural-functionalist, social-conflict, and symbolic-interactionist analyses of deviance. Which is best, in your opinion? Why?

Accepted Answer

Structural-functionalism, social-conflic

Question 8

Men, who represent less than half of the Canadian population, account for about _____ of all arrests for property crime.

Accepted Answer

A)  37 percent 
B)  51 percent 
C)  67 percent 
D)  85-90 percent 
A)  37 percent 
B)  51 percent 
C)  67 percent 
D)  85-90 percent

Question 9

In terms of gender and racial/ethnic categories, we find that _____ are over-represented in Canadian prisons and more likely to be over-classified, leading to their ending up in maximum security prisons.

Accepted Answer

A)  White men 
B)  Aboriginal women 
C)  French women 
D)  Chinese men 
A)  White men 
B)  Aboriginal women 
C)  French women 
D)  Chinese men

Question 10

Alexander Liazos speaks for the social-conflict approach when he states that

Accepted Answer

A)  powerless people are at the highest risk of being defined as deviant. 
B)  deviance has both functions and dysfunctions. 
C)  deviance exists only in the eye of the beholder. 
D)  society should ignore victimless crime. 
A)  powerless people are at the highest risk of being defined as deviant. 
B)  deviance has both functions and dysfunctions. 
C)  deviance exists only in the eye of the beholder. 
D)  society should ignore victimless crime.

Question 11

Property crimes do NOT include

Accepted Answer

A)  theft under $5000.00. 
B)  breaking and entering. 
C)  fraud. 
D)  robbery. 
A)  theft under $5000.00. 
B)  breaking and entering. 
C)  fraud. 
D)  robbery.

Question 12

Prostitution is widely regarded as which of the following types of crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  crime against the person 
B)  crime against property 
C)  victimless crime 
D)  corporate crime 
A)  crime against the person 
B)  crime against property 
C)  victimless crime 
D)  corporate crime

Question 13

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are one important cause of crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  deterrence 
B)  retribution 
C)  social protection 
D)  rehabilitation 
A)  deterrence 
B)  retribution 
C)  social protection 
D)  rehabilitation

Question 15

Mike reports the theft of his dirt bike from the front yard of his house. The police would record this as which of the following types of crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  violent crime 
B)  property crime 
C)  robbery 
D)  auto-theft 
A)  violent crime 
B)  property crime 
C)  robbery 
D)  auto-theft

Question 16

Gender figures into the study of deviance because

Accepted Answer

A)  women account for most arrests for serious crimes in the United States. 
B)  every society in the world applies stronger normative controls to females than to males. 
C)  most researchers in this area are women. 
D)  women are the victims of crime more often than men. 
A)  women account for most arrests for serious crimes in the United States. 
B)  every society in the world applies stronger normative controls to females than to males. 
C)  most researchers in this area are women. 
D)  women are the victims of crime more often than men.

Question 17

Define each of the following: white-collar crime, corporate crime, organized crime, and hate crime.

Accepted Answer

White-collar crime refers to non-violent

Question 18

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

Accepted Answer

A)  deviance is only what people label as deviant. 
B)  most people in the United States will become insane for some period during their lives. 
C)  mental illness is a myth so that "insanity" is only "differences" that bother other people. 
D)  our society does not do nearly enough to treat the mentally ill. 
A)  deviance is only what people label as deviant. 
B)  most people in the United States will become insane for some period during their lives. 
C)  mental illness is a myth so that "insanity" is only "differences" that bother other people. 
D)  our society does not do nearly enough to treat the mentally ill.

Question 19

Which of the following justifications for punishment is linked to the development of the social sciences?

Accepted Answer

A)  retribution 
B)  rehabilitation 
C)  deterrence 
D)  societal protection 
A)  retribution 
B)  rehabilitation 
C)  deterrence 
D)  societal protection

Question 20

Which of the following are advantages of community-based corrections?

Accepted Answer

A)  better prison organization 
B)  peace of mind for the victims of crime 
C)  avoiding the hardships of prison life, including the stigma attached to being incarcerated 
D)  weaker sentencing of offenders 
A)  better prison organization 
B)  peace of mind for the victims of crime 
C)  avoiding the hardships of prison life, including the stigma attached to being incarcerated 
D)  weaker sentencing of offenders

Exam 9: Deviance

Biological factors, including genetics, explain most criminal behaviour.

According to Elliot Currie, factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include

Identify four justifications for punishment.

Today in Canada, women are arrested for serious street crime as often as men are.

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crime typically have little concern about the consequences of their behaviour.

Compare and contrast the structural-functionalist, social-conflict, and symbolic-interactionist analyses of deviance. Which is best, in your opinion? Why?

Men, who represent less than half of the Canadian population, account for about _____ of all arrests for property crime.

In terms of gender and racial/ethnic categories, we find that _____ are over-represented in Canadian prisons and more likely to be over-classified, leading to their ending up in maximum security prisons.

Alexander Liazos speaks for the social-conflict approach when he states that

Property crimes do NOT include

Prostitution is widely regarded as which of the following types of crime?

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are one important cause of crime.

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Mike reports the theft of his dirt bike from the front yard of his house. The police would record this as which of the following types of crime?

Gender figures into the study of deviance because

Define each of the following: white-collar crime, corporate crime, organized crime, and hate crime.

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

Which of the following justifications for punishment is linked to the development of the social sciences?

Which of the following are advantages of community-based corrections?

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