Exam 5: Groups and Organizations

A(n) __________ is a group to which a person does not belong and toward which the person may feel a sense of competitiveness or hostility.

A(n) __________ is an alliance created in an attempt to reach a shared objective or goal.

Name the five characteristics comprising Weber's ideal type of bureaucracy.

In regard to Stanley Milgram's study, the text points out that __________.

Most government, business, education, and religious organizations are __________ in form.

Define the differences among the sociological concepts of groups, aggregates, and categories.

__________ size refers to the number of members a group actually has.

__________ leadership provides emotional support for members.

A person's socioeconomic class is the most significant predictor of whether that person will join a mainstream normative organization.

The least amount of interaction between members occurs in a __________.

The text uses the expression "bureaucracy's other face" to refer to __________.

Weber's term __________ refers to the process by which traditional informal and spontaneous methods of social organization are gradually replaced by efficiently administered formal rules and procedures.

Which of these is an example of a utilitarian organization?​

In his series of experiments Asch found that virtually no one was willing to stand up to group pressure and give the correct response.

The impersonality and focus on technical ability within bureaucracies make them resistant to inequality based on race, gender, and class.

The sociologist who first defined the differences between primary and secondary groups is __________.

A(n) __________ is an organizational model characterized by a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, explicit rules and procedures, and impersonality in personal matters.

"Bureaucratic personality" refers to_____________________________.

In government and other high-level professional organizations, individuals are more likely to advocate for their own professional opinions rather than succumb to the pressure of the group.

Compare U.S. and Japanese models of organization.