Exam 5: Groups and Organizations

Latisha is a member of a group working on a research project for a class assignment. Whenever the group meets, other members are easily sidetracked and Latisha is always trying to keep the group focused on the assignment. Latisha would be considered the __________ leader of the group.

Discuss the major shortcomings of bureaucracies, including negative effects on workers, clients, or customers, as well as negative effects on productivity levels.

Leaders using the __________ style of leadership may be praised for their expressive, supportive behavior toward group members, but they may also be blamed for being indecisive in times of crisis.

Which of these sociologists applied ideal type analysis and borrowed from the field of economics to the study bureaucracies?​

It is possible for a secondary group or an aggregate to become a primary group.

Describe the research of Stanley Milgram and explain its contributions to our understanding of obedience to authority.

Compare the perspectives of functionalists and conflict theorists on the purposes of groups.

The existence of an outgroup creates a threat and is dysfunctional for the ingroup.

Social psychologist __________ examined group decision making among political experts and found that major blunders in U.S. history may be attributed to pressure toward group conformity.

What is the term used by sociologists to describe individuals' awareness that they share commonalities with certain others?​

Facebook, email, and other forms of newer media have weakened the informal structure that used to be a part of most bureaucratic organizations.

Which type of theorist is most concerned with the influence of group size on the interaction among members?​

Several employees at a fast food restaurant call in sick at the last minute. The manager tries to fill in but doesn't know how to run the drive-through intercom or broiler. Applying the terms for problems that are frequent within bureaucracy, this is an example of __________.

The text points out that ingroup and outgroup distinctions______________________.

A(n) __________ is a collection of two or more people who interact frequently with one another, share a sense of belonging, and have a feeling of interdependence.

A(n) __________ is a number of people who may never have met one another but share a similar characteristic (such as education level, age, race, or gender).

__________ suggest that groups involve unequal power relationships so that not all members of a group are not equally likely to have their needs met.

From the __________ perspective, people form groups to meet instrumental and expressive needs.

__________ size refers to the number of potential members a group has.

Define dyads and triads; explain the effect of group size on interaction patterns.