Exam 2: Synapses

 What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?

 Ionotropic effects are characterized by ____.

 A metabotropic synapse, by way of its second messenger, ____.

 What happens to acetylcholine after it attaches to a receptor on the postsynaptic cell?

 Herb is watching a documentary on Dr. Loewi. He learned that neuroscientists first understood that synapses use chemicals to communicate because Dr. Loewi _____.

 When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, the depolarization causes what ionic movement in the presynaptic cell?

 The primary method for disposal of peptide neurotransmitters is ____.

 Professor Pholman is lecturing about the reflex arc. He tells his students that _____ in the ______ help coordinate contraction of certain muscles and relaxation of others.

 An EPSP is to ____ as an IPSP is to ____.

 Briefly describe spatial summation.

 Professor Leclair is giving a lecture on autoreceptors. She tells the class that _____.

 Increased permeability to which type of ion would most likely result in an IPSP?

 To measure temporal summation in single cells, researchers ____.

 Sherrington studied ____, which are automatic muscular responses to stimuli.

 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) controls secretions of the ____.

 After one frog's heart has been stimulated, an extract of fluid from that heart can make a second frog's heart beat faster. What conclusion did Otto Loewi draw from these results?

 What happens when a neurotransmitter is released by a presynaptic cell?

 "Transporter" proteins transport neurotransmitters ____.

 What is the difference between a hormone and a neurotransmitter?

 Winnifred is in the lab drawing illustrations of neurons in her lab notebook. She labeled the specialized area between two neurons as the _____.