Question 1

Gradually approaching a feared stimulus while maintaining relaxation describes the therapy technique known as

Accepted Answer

A)  aversive conditioning. 
B)  systematic desensitization. 
C)  confrontation. 
D)  transference. 
A)  aversive conditioning. 
B)  systematic desensitization. 
C)  confrontation. 
D)  transference.

Question 2

Shaping,time out,and extinction are three principles of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  existential therapy. 
D)  Gestalt therapy. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  existential therapy. 
D)  Gestalt therapy.

Question 3

George is extremely afraid to ride elevators.His therapist treats George's fear by gradually getting him accustomed to riding in elevators.The therapist begins by teaching George to relax.He then learns to relax while standing close to the elevator and then to relax while standing in an elevator with the doors open,and so on.The two processes taking place in the reduction of George's fear are

Accepted Answer

A)  desensitization and reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  desensitization and reflection. 
C)  adaptation and aversion therapy. 
D)  reciprocal inhibition and EMDR. 
A)  desensitization and reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  desensitization and reflection. 
C)  adaptation and aversion therapy. 
D)  reciprocal inhibition and EMDR.

Question 4

Harold has schizophrenia and his doctor has recommended that he change to a new drug that can reduce his hallucinations and delusions without the lethal risk or side effects of other similar drugs.Harold's doctor will most likely be prescribing

Accepted Answer

A)  Lithium Carbonate. 
B)  Risperdal. 
C)  Clozaril. 
D)  Prozac. 
A)  Lithium Carbonate. 
B)  Risperdal. 
C)  Clozaril. 
D)  Prozac.

Question 5

Which of the following are symbolic rewards,such as plastic chips,that can be exchanged for tangible rewards and are used to encourage positive changes in behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  operants 
B)  tokens 
C)  conditioned stimuli 
D)  stimulus controls 
A)  operants 
B)  tokens 
C)  conditioned stimuli 
D)  stimulus controls

Question 6

The most appropriate use of electroconvulsive therapy is as a

Accepted Answer

A)  preferred treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly PTSD. 
B)  preferred treatment for organic psychoses in which brain pathology exists. 
C)  last resort treatment for schizophrenia that has not responded to drug treatment. 
D)  last resort means of treatment for selected cases of depression that involves self- destructive or suicidal behavior. 
A)  preferred treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly PTSD. 
B)  preferred treatment for organic psychoses in which brain pathology exists. 
C)  last resort treatment for schizophrenia that has not responded to drug treatment. 
D)  last resort means of treatment for selected cases of depression that involves self- destructive or suicidal behavior.

Question 7

It is Halloween night.The trick-or-treaters know that if the porch light is on at a house,they will get candy if they knock on the door and say "Trick-or-Treat." If the light is off,they know that there will be no reward waiting for them.The trick-or- treaters' behavior is determined by the date (Halloween night)and if a light is on or off.This illustrates the operant principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping. 
B)  stimulus control. 
C)  time-out. 
D)  reciprocal inhibition. 
A)  shaping. 
B)  stimulus control. 
C)  time-out. 
D)  reciprocal inhibition.

Question 8

When a response is followed by a reward,this response will occur more often.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus control. 
B)  time out. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  situationally controlled. 
A)  stimulus control. 
B)  time out. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  situationally controlled.

Question 9

Any use of classical or operant conditioning to directly alter human behavior is called

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior modification. 
B)  somatic therapy. 
C)  insight therapy. 
D)  Gestalt psychotherapy. 
A)  behavior modification. 
B)  somatic therapy. 
C)  insight therapy. 
D)  Gestalt psychotherapy.

Question 10

Deinstitutionalization can best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  the dependency, isolation, and continued emotional disturbance that results from commitment to a mental hospital. 
B)  a trend toward reduced use of full-time commitment to mental institutions. 
C)  the combined use of medication and hospitalization to treat mental illness. 
D)  the complete abandonment of hospitalization as a form of treatment for mental illness. 
A)  the dependency, isolation, and continued emotional disturbance that results from commitment to a mental hospital. 
B)  a trend toward reduced use of full-time commitment to mental institutions. 
C)  the combined use of medication and hospitalization to treat mental illness. 
D)  the complete abandonment of hospitalization as a form of treatment for mental illness.

Question 11

Jake is being trained in how to utilize therapies based on classical and operant conditioning.Jake is most likely training to become a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  behavior therapist. 
C)  humanistic psychotherapist. 
D)  Gestalt therapist. 
A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  behavior therapist. 
C)  humanistic psychotherapist. 
D)  Gestalt therapist.

Question 12

Regarding the use of drugs to treat emotional disturbances,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The use of drugs has radically changed the atmosphere in psychiatric wards. 
B)  Hospital stays have become longer in order to regulate the patient's medication. 
C)  Drugs have made it possible for many people to return to the community and be treated on an outpatient basis. 
D)  For serious mental disorders, a combination of medication and psychotherapy almost always works better than drugs alone. 
A)  The use of drugs has radically changed the atmosphere in psychiatric wards. 
B)  Hospital stays have become longer in order to regulate the patient's medication. 
C)  Drugs have made it possible for many people to return to the community and be treated on an outpatient basis. 
D)  For serious mental disorders, a combination of medication and psychotherapy almost always works better than drugs alone.

Question 13

The man described in the text who was attempting to control his kleptomania by repeatedly and vividly imagining himself being arrested,handcuffed,taken to jail,and facing his wife's anger and his son's disappointment was using

Accepted Answer

A)  covert sensitization, a form of behavior therapy. 
B)  avoidance therapy, a form of REBT. 
C)  overt sensitization, a form of existential therapy. 
D)  escape therapy, a form of insight therapy. 
A)  covert sensitization, a form of behavior therapy. 
B)  avoidance therapy, a form of REBT. 
C)  overt sensitization, a form of existential therapy. 
D)  escape therapy, a form of insight therapy.

Question 14

In order to treat his post-traumatic stress disorder,Tony is undergoing a treatment in which he is asked to visualize the images that most upset him while the therapist moves a pencil rapidly from side to side in front of his eyes.He is then asked to describe any memories,feelings,or thoughts that emerge.Tony is undergoing

Accepted Answer

A)  insight therapy. 
B)  therapeutic hypnosis. 
C)  eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. 
D)  virtual reality exposure. 
A)  insight therapy. 
B)  therapeutic hypnosis. 
C)  eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. 
D)  virtual reality exposure.

Question 15

The three major types of drugs are

Accepted Answer

A)  antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics. 
B)  anxiolytics, antianxiety, and psychotropics. 
C)  detoxifying, antidepressants, antipsychotics. 
D)  minor tranquilizers, major tranquilizers, and anti-anxiety. 
A)  antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics. 
B)  anxiolytics, antianxiety, and psychotropics. 
C)  detoxifying, antidepressants, antipsychotics. 
D)  minor tranquilizers, major tranquilizers, and anti-anxiety.

Question 16

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response is called

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  desensitization. 
D)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  desensitization. 
D)  negative reinforcement.

Question 17

Aversion conditioning for the control of alcoholism has made use of

Accepted Answer

A)  response-contingent shocks. 
B)  a hierarchy of fear stimuli. 
C)  tokens and other symbolic rewards. 
D)  reciprocal deinhibition. 
A)  response-contingent shocks. 
B)  a hierarchy of fear stimuli. 
C)  tokens and other symbolic rewards. 
D)  reciprocal deinhibition.

Question 18

Regarding the drugs Clozaril and Risperdal,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both Clozaril and Risperdal have been successful in treating schizophrenia. 
B)  Risperdal can cause a potentially fatal blood disease that Clozaril does not cause. 
C)  Both Clozaril and Risperdal are considered major tranquilizers. 
D)  Persons who have taken Clozaril and Risperdal long-term have developed a neurological disorder that causes rhythmic facial and mouth movements. 
A)  Both Clozaril and Risperdal have been successful in treating schizophrenia. 
B)  Risperdal can cause a potentially fatal blood disease that Clozaril does not cause. 
C)  Both Clozaril and Risperdal are considered major tranquilizers. 
D)  Persons who have taken Clozaril and Risperdal long-term have developed a neurological disorder that causes rhythmic facial and mouth movements.

Question 19

Lance has a gambling addiction.His therapist helped Lance to restructure his beliefs about gambling,so that he no longer believes that if he keeps working at it hard enough that he can figure out a "sure fire" way to win every time.Lance's therapist is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  existential 
B)  Gestalt 
C)  cognitive 
D)  psychodynamic 
A)  existential 
B)  Gestalt 
C)  cognitive 
D)  psychodynamic

Question 20

One of the drawbacks of using pharmacotherapy with psychotic disorders is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  does not relieve the symptoms of mental illness. 
B)  may cause adverse neurological side effects, such as rhythmic facial and mouth movements. 
C)  results in longer, more expensive hospital stays. 
D)  does not work as well as long-term psychotherapy for psychotic disorders. 
A)  does not relieve the symptoms of mental illness. 
B)  may cause adverse neurological side effects, such as rhythmic facial and mouth movements. 
C)  results in longer, more expensive hospital stays. 
D)  does not work as well as long-term psychotherapy for psychotic disorders.

Exam 15: B: Therapies

Gradually approaching a feared stimulus while maintaining relaxation describes the therapy technique known as

Shaping,time out,and extinction are three principles of

Harold has schizophrenia and his doctor has recommended that he change to a new drug that can reduce his hallucinations and delusions without the lethal risk or side effects of other similar drugs.Harold's doctor will most likely be prescribing

Which of the following are symbolic rewards,such as plastic chips,that can be exchanged for tangible rewards and are used to encourage positive changes in behavior?

The most appropriate use of electroconvulsive therapy is as a

When a response is followed by a reward,this response will occur more often.This illustrates

Any use of classical or operant conditioning to directly alter human behavior is called

Deinstitutionalization can best be described as

Jake is being trained in how to utilize therapies based on classical and operant conditioning.Jake is most likely training to become a

Regarding the use of drugs to treat emotional disturbances,which of the following statements is FALSE?

The man described in the text who was attempting to control his kleptomania by repeatedly and vividly imagining himself being arrested,handcuffed,taken to jail,and facing his wife's anger and his son's disappointment was using

The three major types of drugs are

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response is called

Aversion conditioning for the control of alcoholism has made use of

Regarding the drugs Clozaril and Risperdal,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Lance has a gambling addiction.His therapist helped Lance to restructure his beliefs about gambling,so that he no longer believes that if he keeps working at it hard enough that he can figure out a "sure fire" way to win every time.Lance's therapist is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

One of the drawbacks of using pharmacotherapy with psychotic disorders is that it

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology

C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics