Question 1

For which of the following conditions would desensitization NOT be helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)  a teacher with stage fright 
B)  a student with test anxiety 
C)  a newlywed with an aversion to sexual intimacy 
D)  a person who wants to stop smoking or drinking 
A)  a teacher with stage fright 
B)  a student with test anxiety 
C)  a newlywed with an aversion to sexual intimacy 
D)  a person who wants to stop smoking or drinking

Question 2

When gamblers believe that a string of losses must soon be followed by wins,they are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  an attribution error. 
B)  selective memory. 
C)  magnified gambling skill. 
D)  the gambler's fallacy. 
A)  an attribution error. 
B)  selective memory. 
C)  magnified gambling skill. 
D)  the gambler's fallacy.

Question 3

The use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)for the treatment of depression

Accepted Answer

A)  produces permanent improvement without the need for additional drug therapy. 
B)  usually requires only one treatment session. 
C)  can cause memory losses in some patients. 
D)  is characterized by all of these statements. 
A)  produces permanent improvement without the need for additional drug therapy. 
B)  usually requires only one treatment session. 
C)  can cause memory losses in some patients. 
D)  is characterized by all of these statements.

Question 4

The owner of a chicken ranch ends a pet dog's habit of stealing and eating eggs by allowing the dog to "find" and eat several eggs laced with Tabasco sauce.The ranch owner's approach is similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  covert sensitization. 
B)  aversion therapy. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  desensitization techniques. 
A)  covert sensitization. 
B)  aversion therapy. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  desensitization techniques.

Question 5

If you are helping a person relearn how to walk after a stroke,you begin by reinforcing the person for being able to stand with a walker,then taking a step,then taking another step,then moving the walker and taking another step and so on.You are using the behavioral procedure known as

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  stimulus control. 
D)  classical conditioning. 
A)  reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  stimulus control. 
D)  classical conditioning.

Question 6

Regarding psychosurgery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychosurgery is a form of somatic therapy for psychological disorders. 
B)  Psychosurgery is defined as any surgical alteration of the brain designed to bring about desirable behavioral changes. 
C)  Psychosurgery is often used as an additional treatment with medication to help people with psychosis. 
D)  Psychosurgery includes the procedure known as the "lobotomy." 
A)  Psychosurgery is a form of somatic therapy for psychological disorders. 
B)  Psychosurgery is defined as any surgical alteration of the brain designed to bring about desirable behavioral changes. 
C)  Psychosurgery is often used as an additional treatment with medication to help people with psychosis. 
D)  Psychosurgery includes the procedure known as the "lobotomy."

Question 7

Lenny,a 17-year-old college student,is playing online poker and believes that his losses must soon be followed by wins,so he doubles his bet.Lenny is exhibiting the cognitive distortion known as

Accepted Answer

A)  vicarious reinforcement. 
B)  the gambler's fallacy. 
C)  the tension-release error. 
D)  selective memory. 
A)  vicarious reinforcement. 
B)  the gambler's fallacy. 
C)  the tension-release error. 
D)  selective memory.

Question 8

Regarding systematic desensitization,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  For most phobias, desensitization works best when people are directly exposed to the stimuli and situations they fear. 
B)  For a simple phobia, like spider phobia, the procedure can be successfully done in groups. 
C)  The effectiveness of desensitization is caused not by the actual process of therapy but by a client's expectations that the therapy will help. 
D)  Desensitization can be completed in one session for some fears, such as riding in an elevator. 
A)  For most phobias, desensitization works best when people are directly exposed to the stimuli and situations they fear. 
B)  For a simple phobia, like spider phobia, the procedure can be successfully done in groups. 
C)  The effectiveness of desensitization is caused not by the actual process of therapy but by a client's expectations that the therapy will help. 
D)  Desensitization can be completed in one session for some fears, such as riding in an elevator.

Question 9

An athletic team almost always wins the game when they play at "home" but they seldom win a game played "on the road." Their winning appears to be influenced by where the game is played.This illustrates the operant principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  stimulus control. 
A)  shaping. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  stimulus control.

Question 10

Which of the following types of drugs are used to reduce hallucinations and delusions?

Accepted Answer

A)  antidepressants 
B)  anxiolytics 
C)  major tranquilizers 
D)  energizers 
A)  antidepressants 
B)  anxiolytics 
C)  major tranquilizers 
D)  energizers

Question 11

Which of the following are short-term group living facilities for people making the transition from mental hospitals to independent living?

Accepted Answer

A)  deinstitutionalizations 
B)  half-way houses 
C)  encounter groups 
D)  somatic therapy groups 
A)  deinstitutionalizations 
B)  half-way houses 
C)  encounter groups 
D)  somatic therapy groups

Question 12

Psychologists using which type of therapy assume that if people have learned responses that cause problems,they can relearn more appropriate responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  applied behavior analysis 
C)  client-centered therapy 
D)  existential therapy 
A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  applied behavior analysis 
C)  client-centered therapy 
D)  existential therapy

Question 13

Aversion therapy has been used to successfully treat all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking, gambling, and alcoholism. 
B)  hiccups, sneezing, and vomiting. 
C)  stuttering, nail-biting, and bed-wetting. 
D)  acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorders. 
A)  smoking, gambling, and alcoholism. 
B)  hiccups, sneezing, and vomiting. 
C)  stuttering, nail-biting, and bed-wetting. 
D)  acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorders.

Question 14

The main effect of antidepressants is

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxation and the reduction of anxiety. 
B)  a tranquilizing effect. 
C)  a reduction in delusions. 
D)  mood elevation. 
A)  relaxation and the reduction of anxiety. 
B)  a tranquilizing effect. 
C)  a reduction in delusions. 
D)  mood elevation.

Question 15

Pharmacotherapy can best be described as the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  drugs to change a client's personality. 
B)  drugs to alleviate the symptoms of emotional disturbances. 
C)  electroconvulsive treatment and psychosurgeries. 
D)  medicine and other techniques to treat bodily symptoms. 
A)  drugs to change a client's personality. 
B)  drugs to alleviate the symptoms of emotional disturbances. 
C)  electroconvulsive treatment and psychosurgeries. 
D)  medicine and other techniques to treat bodily symptoms.

Question 16

A procedure for systematically achieving deep relaxation of the body is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  EMDR. 
B)  REBT. 
C)  covert sensitization. 
D)  the tension-release method. 
A)  EMDR. 
B)  REBT. 
C)  covert sensitization. 
D)  the tension-release method.

Question 17

When a neutral stimulus is followed by an unconditioned stimulus that consistently produces an unlearned reaction,called the unconditioned response,the previously neutral stimulus begins to produce this response directly.This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  social learning. 
D)  observational learning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  social learning. 
D)  observational learning.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an example of an antidepressant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haldol 
B)  Zoloft 
C)  Prozac 
D)  Elavil 
A)  Haldol 
B)  Zoloft 
C)  Prozac 
D)  Elavil

Question 19

Regarding electroconvulsive therapy (ECT),which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  ECT causes shock-induced seizures that alter the biochemical balances in the brain and body. 
B)  ECT is a treatment that involves passing a 250-volt electrical current through the brain for three minutes. 
C)  ECT is a safe alternative to medication in treating depression. 
D)  ECT is used today for many cases of delusional disorders, schizophrenia, and dissociative disorders. 
A)  ECT causes shock-induced seizures that alter the biochemical balances in the brain and body. 
B)  ECT is a treatment that involves passing a 250-volt electrical current through the brain for three minutes. 
C)  ECT is a safe alternative to medication in treating depression. 
D)  ECT is used today for many cases of delusional disorders, schizophrenia, and dissociative disorders.

Question 20

Social rewards,such as recognition and approval,are used in conjunction with token economies to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the patient's reliance on the tokens. 
B)  generalize the effect of token economies to "real world" situations. 
C)  reduce the patient's dependence on reinforcement. 
D)  increase the impact of primary reinforcement. 
A)  increase the patient's reliance on the tokens. 
B)  generalize the effect of token economies to "real world" situations. 
C)  reduce the patient's dependence on reinforcement. 
D)  increase the impact of primary reinforcement.

Exam 15: B: Therapies

For which of the following conditions would desensitization NOT be helpful?

When gamblers believe that a string of losses must soon be followed by wins,they are exhibiting

The use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)for the treatment of depression

The owner of a chicken ranch ends a pet dog's habit of stealing and eating eggs by allowing the dog to "find" and eat several eggs laced with Tabasco sauce.The ranch owner's approach is similar to

If you are helping a person relearn how to walk after a stroke,you begin by reinforcing the person for being able to stand with a walker,then taking a step,then taking another step,then moving the walker and taking another step and so on.You are using the behavioral procedure known as

Regarding psychosurgery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Lenny,a 17-year-old college student,is playing online poker and believes that his losses must soon be followed by wins,so he doubles his bet.Lenny is exhibiting the cognitive distortion known as

Regarding systematic desensitization,which of the following statements is FALSE?

An athletic team almost always wins the game when they play at "home" but they seldom win a game played "on the road." Their winning appears to be influenced by where the game is played.This illustrates the operant principle of

Which of the following types of drugs are used to reduce hallucinations and delusions?

Which of the following are short-term group living facilities for people making the transition from mental hospitals to independent living?

Psychologists using which type of therapy assume that if people have learned responses that cause problems,they can relearn more appropriate responses?

Aversion therapy has been used to successfully treat all of the following EXCEPT

The main effect of antidepressants is

Pharmacotherapy can best be described as the use of

A procedure for systematically achieving deep relaxation of the body is known as

When a neutral stimulus is followed by an unconditioned stimulus that consistently produces an unlearned reaction,called the unconditioned response,the previously neutral stimulus begins to produce this response directly.This process is called

Which of the following is NOT an example of an antidepressant?

Regarding electroconvulsive therapy (ECT),which of the following statements is TRUE?

Social rewards,such as recognition and approval,are used in conjunction with token economies to

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology