Exam 27: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The two major subdivisions of the ECF are the

The release of atrial naturetic peptides from the heart will cause the body to

Administration of a medication in the elderly can result in a much higher dosage than the clinician might intend because

Severe kidney damage, such as glomerulonephritis, often leads to

Which of the following statements is false regarding fluid and electrolyte balance?

Water molecules move across cells by

The maintenance of normal volume and composition of extracellular and intracellular fluids is vital to life.List and briefly describe the kinds of homeostasis involved.

Excess hydrogen ion is eliminated from the body largely by

Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder respiratory acidosis?

When the pH ________, a state of acidosis exists.

In a lean adult male, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

The most dangerous problems with electrolyte balance are caused by an imbalance between gains and lossesof

In-Text Figure Based Questions -In which body fluid do the phosphate and protein buffer systems help regulate the pH? (Figure 27-10)

To reduce brain swelling by pulling water out of brain cells, a substance can be injected intravenouslytoincrease the osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid. Which of the following properties must this substance lack in order to be effective?

The typical value of water losses and gains each day is

In clinical estimates, ________ of total body water is in the ICF and ________ in the ECF.

Aldosterone

Which hormone most affects the osmolarity of blood?

________ promotes water reabsorption at the kidneys and stimulates thirst.

Hypoventilation leads to