Question 1

RNAs are single-stranded molecules with little complex secondary structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

There are many viruses whose entire genome is Z-DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Histones associate with DNA primarily through ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonding 
B) hydrophobic interactions with the exposed bases in the major groove 
C) ionic interactions with the phosphate groups 
D) disulfide linkages 
A) hydrogen bonding 
B) hydrophobic interactions with the exposed bases in the major groove 
C) ionic interactions with the phosphate groups 
D) disulfide linkages

Question 4

Approximately how many base pairs are there in a B-DNA segment with 50 helical turns?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 50 
C) 500 
D) 5000 
A) 5 
B) 50 
C) 500 
D) 5000

Question 5

The rise and pitch of B-DNA are 0.33 nm and 3.40 nm,respectively.About how many helical turns are there in a fragment 1000 nm in length?

Accepted Answer

A) 3030 
B) 294 
C) 330 
D) 0.0034 
E) Cannot calculate from the information given. 
A) 3030 
B) 294 
C) 330 
D) 0.0034 
E) Cannot calculate from the information given.

Question 6

In addition to knowing the chemical structures of the nucleotides,Watson and Crick used ________ of Franklin and Wilkins and the chemical equivalencies of Chargaff in order to propose their model of DNA structure.

Accepted Answer

A) sequence information 
B) UV spectra 
C) % (G +
C) and % (A +T) 
D) X-ray diffraction data 
A) sequence information 
B) UV spectra 
C) % (G +
C) and % (A +T) 
D) X-ray diffraction data

Question 7

Single strands of DNA can be pulled using a form of molecular tweezer in order to study its properties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

It is easier to melt DNA richer in AT than GC because

Accepted Answer

A) it is more heat sensitive. 
B) there is one less hydrogen bond in an AT base pair. 
C) the helix pitch is longer in AT rich regions. 
D) All of the above. 
A) it is more heat sensitive. 
B) there is one less hydrogen bond in an AT base pair. 
C) the helix pitch is longer in AT rich regions. 
D) All of the above.

Question 9

It is not possible for linear DNA to be supercoiled.Only circular DNA,which has no ends,can have regions of supercoiling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Chromatin was first observed and named by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Walter Flemming 
B) Francis Crick 
C) Oswald Avery 
D) Friedrich Miescher 
A) Walter Flemming 
B) Francis Crick 
C) Oswald Avery 
D) Friedrich Miescher

Question 11

Which does not apply to most bacterial DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Circular. 
B) Relaxed. 
C) Not packed into nucleosomes. 
D) Supercoiled. 
A) Circular. 
B) Relaxed. 
C) Not packed into nucleosomes. 
D) Supercoiled.

Question 12

ATP is not a nucleoside because it ________.

Accepted Answer

A) has phosphate groups 
B) has three phosphates instead of just one 
C) lacks the deoxyribosyl group 
D) is not connect to a carbohydrate group 
A) has phosphate groups 
B) has three phosphates instead of just one 
C) lacks the deoxyribosyl group 
D) is not connect to a carbohydrate group

Question 13

What is a restriction map?

Accepted Answer

A) The nucleotide sequence recognized by a particular restriction enzyme. 
B) Diagram of a DNA molecule to show specific cleavage sites of endonucleases. 
C) Table of enzymes that have a least one site in a species' DNA. 
D) A diagram of the compaction of DNA by packing into nucleosomes and solenoids. 
E) A gel electrophoresis technique used for the purpose of DNA fingerprinting. 
A) The nucleotide sequence recognized by a particular restriction enzyme. 
B) Diagram of a DNA molecule to show specific cleavage sites of endonucleases. 
C) Table of enzymes that have a least one site in a species' DNA. 
D) A diagram of the compaction of DNA by packing into nucleosomes and solenoids. 
E) A gel electrophoresis technique used for the purpose of DNA fingerprinting.

Question 14

The major and minor grooves are the same in B-DNA,A-DNA,and Z-DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which does not occur during the hydrolysis of RNA by RNase A?

Accepted Answer

A) Covalent catalysis involving a bond between a pyrimidine and a lysine of RNase A. 
B) Acid-base catalysis to cleave the phosphodiester bond. 
C) Abstraction of a proton from the 2'-hydroxyl group by histidine. 
D) Transition-state stabilization of a pentavalent phosphorous atom. 
A) Covalent catalysis involving a bond between a pyrimidine and a lysine of RNase A. 
B) Acid-base catalysis to cleave the phosphodiester bond. 
C) Abstraction of a proton from the 2'-hydroxyl group by histidine. 
D) Transition-state stabilization of a pentavalent phosphorous atom.

Question 16

The two strands of double-stranded DNA have the same content of each of the bases A,T,G and C.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The genome of a species does not include the DNA in mitochondrial and chlorplast DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Treatment of an individual's DNA with restriction endonucleases produces a unique set of DNA fragments.This is the basis of DNA fingerprinting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Purines and pyrimidines exist in two tautomeric forms (lactam and lactim);nucleosides exist in two conformations (syn and anti).The most common forms found in cells are

Accepted Answer

A) lactam and anti. 
B) lactam and syn. 
C) lactim and anti. 
D) lactim and syn. 
A) lactam and anti. 
B) lactam and syn. 
C) lactim and anti. 
D) lactim and syn.

Question 20

All genomes are composed of RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 19: Nucleic Acids

RNAs are single-stranded molecules with little complex secondary structure.

There are many viruses whose entire genome is Z-DNA.

Histones associate with DNA primarily through ________.

Approximately how many base pairs are there in a B-DNA segment with 50 helical turns?

The rise and pitch of B-DNA are 0.33 nm and 3.40 nm,respectively.About how many helical turns are there in a fragment 1000 nm in length?

In addition to knowing the chemical structures of the nucleotides,Watson and Crick used ________ of Franklin and Wilkins and the chemical equivalencies of Chargaff in order to propose their model of DNA structure.

Single strands of DNA can be pulled using a form of molecular tweezer in order to study its properties.

It is easier to melt DNA richer in AT than GC because

It is not possible for linear DNA to be supercoiled.Only circular DNA,which has no ends,can have regions of supercoiling.

Chromatin was first observed and named by ________.

Which does not apply to most bacterial DNA?

ATP is not a nucleoside because it ________.

What is a restriction map?

The major and minor grooves are the same in B-DNA,A-DNA,and Z-DNA.

Which does not occur during the hydrolysis of RNA by RNase A?

The two strands of double-stranded DNA have the same content of each of the bases A,T,G and C.

The genome of a species does not include the DNA in mitochondrial and chlorplast DNA.

Treatment of an individual's DNA with restriction endonucleases produces a unique set of DNA fragments.This is the basis of DNA fingerprinting.

Purines and pyrimidines exist in two tautomeric forms (lactam and lactim);nucleosides exist in two conformations (syn and anti).The most common forms found in cells are

All genomes are composed of RNA.

Introduction to Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function

Properties of Enzymes

Mechanisms of Enzymes

Coenzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Membranes

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and Glycogen Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Atp Synthesis

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Transcription and RNA Processing

Protein Synthesis

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