Question 1

Which applies to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate?

Accepted Answer

A) Activator of pyruvate kinase. 
B) Product of PFK-1 catalyzed step in glycolysis. 
C) Isomer of glucose 1,6-bisphosphate. 
D) All of the above. 
A) Activator of pyruvate kinase. 
B) Product of PFK-1 catalyzed step in glycolysis. 
C) Isomer of glucose 1,6-bisphosphate. 
D) All of the above.

Question 2

Which of the following is not regulated in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyruvate kinase. 
B) Phosphoglycerate kinase. 
C) Hexokinase. 
D) PFK-1. 
A) Pyruvate kinase. 
B) Phosphoglycerate kinase. 
C) Hexokinase. 
D) PFK-1.

Question 3

Two molecules of ATP are consumed per glucose molecule during the hexose stage of glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The overall △G for glycolysis is -72 kJ/mol in erythrocytes.Which statement below is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The value of △G0' is also -72 kJ/mol since the cytosol pH is close to 7. 
B) The free energy of glycolysis is found as the sum of the standard free energy changes for the individual pathway reactions. 
C) The negative sign of △G shows that this pathway will proceed toward product (pyruvate)under normal cellular conditions. 
D) All of the above. 
A) The value of △G0' is also -72 kJ/mol since the cytosol pH is close to 7. 
B) The free energy of glycolysis is found as the sum of the standard free energy changes for the individual pathway reactions. 
C) The negative sign of △G shows that this pathway will proceed toward product (pyruvate)under normal cellular conditions. 
D) All of the above.

Question 5

In glycolysis,there is a net yield of two molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Two molecules of ATP are produced per glucose during the hexose stage of glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Although the Gibbs free energy change for the reaction of triose phosphate isomerase is positive (+6.7 kj/mole),the reaction product (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate)is reduced to zero because

Accepted Answer

A) triose phosphate isomerase is written left to right. 
B) triosephosphate isomerase is complexed to phosphoglycerate kinase,the next step in the sequence of reactions. 
C) there are too few molecules of dihydroxyacetone phosphate available. 
D) there are allosteric stimulants of triose phosphate isomerase. 
A) triose phosphate isomerase is written left to right. 
B) triosephosphate isomerase is complexed to phosphoglycerate kinase,the next step in the sequence of reactions. 
C) there are too few molecules of dihydroxyacetone phosphate available. 
D) there are allosteric stimulants of triose phosphate isomerase.

Question 8

How does the number of molecules of ATP produced compare for conversion of one molecule of either glucose or fructose to pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

A) Fructose produces one less ATP than glucose. 
B) Fructose and glucose produce the same number of ATPs. 
C) Fructose produces one more ATP than glucose. 
D) Fructose produces twice the number of ATP compared to glucose. 
A) Fructose produces one less ATP than glucose. 
B) Fructose and glucose produce the same number of ATPs. 
C) Fructose produces one more ATP than glucose. 
D) Fructose produces twice the number of ATP compared to glucose.

Question 9

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase causes

Accepted Answer

A) the reduction and phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. 
B) the oxidation of a molecule of NAD+ to NADH. 
C) Neither A nor B. 
D) Both A and B. 
A) the reduction and phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. 
B) the oxidation of a molecule of NAD+ to NADH. 
C) Neither A nor B. 
D) Both A and B.

Question 10

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate are substrates in an oxidation and phosphorylation reaction,which yields a high energy mixed anhydride.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What happens to pyruvate if it is destined for the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) It is converted to carbon dioxide and acetaldehyde. 
B) It is converted to ethanol. 
C) It is converted to lactate. 
D) Nothing,pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle directly. 
A) It is converted to carbon dioxide and acetaldehyde. 
B) It is converted to ethanol. 
C) It is converted to lactate. 
D) Nothing,pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle directly.

Question 12

Compared to pyruvate,the carbon atoms in lactate ________.

Accepted Answer

A) are more reduced 
B) are more oxidized 
C) are equally as oxidized 
D) carry more charge 
A) are more reduced 
B) are more oxidized 
C) are equally as oxidized 
D) carry more charge

Question 13

Which substance is a product of glycolysis,a precursor of gluconeogenesis and a precursor of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose. 
B) Pyruvate. 
C) ATP. 
D) Coenzyme A. 
A) Glucose. 
B) Pyruvate. 
C) ATP. 
D) Coenzyme A.

Question 14

Mammals can convert pyruvate to either ethanol or lactate depending on the availability of oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Four molecules of ATP are consumed per glucose during the hexose stage of glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following mutases catalyze the formation of a 2,3-BPG intermediate?

Accepted Answer

A) Muscle phosphoglycerate mutases. 
B) Plant phosphoglycerate mutases. 
C) Yeast phosphoglycerate mutases. 
D) A and C only. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Muscle phosphoglycerate mutases. 
B) Plant phosphoglycerate mutases. 
C) Yeast phosphoglycerate mutases. 
D) A and C only. 
E) All of the above.

Question 17

All ten steps of the glycolytic pathway must have negative free energies for glycolysis to proceed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The activity of which glycolytic enzyme shown below is not used to control the rate of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) PFK-1. 
B) Pyruvate kinase. 
C) Triose phosphate isomerase. 
D) Hexokinase. 
A) PFK-1. 
B) Pyruvate kinase. 
C) Triose phosphate isomerase. 
D) Hexokinase.

Question 19

The net energy gain in glycolysis is due to the production of

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoenolpyruvate. 
B) NAD. 
C) NADH. 
D) ADP. 
A) phosphoenolpyruvate. 
B) NAD. 
C) NADH. 
D) ADP.

Question 20

Hamsters love to run on exercise wheels.Prolonged running at a high rate of speed requires ATP.Could a hamster with a defective gene for the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase meet the extra ATP demand for prolonged,fast wheel-running by maintaining a high rate of glycolysis when muscles are operating under anaerobic conditions? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A) No,not enough NAD+ can be regenerated for glycolysis to continue at a high rate. 
B) No,the defective gene will cause a rapid decline in pH in the muscles used for running. 
C) Yes,the defective enzyme has no effect on the glycolytic pathway. 
D) Yes,the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase will supply the needed NAD+ if the lactose dehydrogenase cannot. 
A) No,not enough NAD+ can be regenerated for glycolysis to continue at a high rate. 
B) No,the defective gene will cause a rapid decline in pH in the muscles used for running. 
C) Yes,the defective enzyme has no effect on the glycolytic pathway. 
D) Yes,the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase will supply the needed NAD+ if the lactose dehydrogenase cannot.

Exam 11: Glycolysis

Which applies to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate?

Which of the following is not regulated in glycolysis?

Two molecules of ATP are consumed per glucose molecule during the hexose stage of glycolysis.

The overall △G for glycolysis is -72 kJ/mol in erythrocytes.Which statement below is true?

In glycolysis,there is a net yield of two molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.

Two molecules of ATP are produced per glucose during the hexose stage of glycolysis.

Although the Gibbs free energy change for the reaction of triose phosphate isomerase is positive (+6.7 kj/mole),the reaction product (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate)is reduced to zero because

How does the number of molecules of ATP produced compare for conversion of one molecule of either glucose or fructose to pyruvate?

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase causes

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate are substrates in an oxidation and phosphorylation reaction,which yields a high energy mixed anhydride.

What happens to pyruvate if it is destined for the citric acid cycle?

Compared to pyruvate,the carbon atoms in lactate ________.

Which substance is a product of glycolysis,a precursor of gluconeogenesis and a precursor of the citric acid cycle?

Mammals can convert pyruvate to either ethanol or lactate depending on the availability of oxygen.

Four molecules of ATP are consumed per glucose during the hexose stage of glycolysis.

Which of the following mutases catalyze the formation of a 2,3-BPG intermediate?

All ten steps of the glycolytic pathway must have negative free energies for glycolysis to proceed.

The activity of which glycolytic enzyme shown below is not used to control the rate of glycolysis?

The net energy gain in glycolysis is due to the production of

Introduction to Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function

Properties of Enzymes

Mechanisms of Enzymes

Coenzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Membranes

Introduction to Metabolism

Gluconeogenesis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and Glycogen Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Atp Synthesis

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acids

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Transcription and RNA Processing

Protein Synthesis

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