Question 1

In transhumant societies, the entire group moves with their animals throughout the year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Why do anthropologists question the idea that present-day foragers can be compared to Paleolithic foragers?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no present-day foragers. 
B)  The types of foraging vary so widely that few generalizations can be drawn. 
C)  Present-day foragers have been in contact with food-producing and industrialized societies for long periods of time, and all live within nation-states that inevitably affect their livelihood. 
D)  Paleolithic foragers were prelinguistic. 
E)  Paleolithic foragers were not Homo sapiens. 
A)  There are no present-day foragers. 
B)  The types of foraging vary so widely that few generalizations can be drawn. 
C)  Present-day foragers have been in contact with food-producing and industrialized societies for long periods of time, and all live within nation-states that inevitably affect their livelihood. 
D)  Paleolithic foragers were prelinguistic. 
E)  Paleolithic foragers were not Homo sapiens.

Question 3

Potlatching is a form of competitive feasting that enables individuals to redistribute surplus materials while simultaneously increasing their own prestige.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Yehudi Cohen's adaptive strategies

Accepted Answer

A)  suggest hypothetical correlations-that is, a causal relation between two or more variables, such as economic and cultural variables. 
B)  suggest multidirectional relationships between a society's mean and its mode of production. 
C)  suggest that economic systems are a better way of categorizing societies than relying on cultural patterns. 
D)  suggest an association between the economies of societies and their social features. 
E)  have strong predictive powers when analyzed in computer models. 
A)  suggest hypothetical correlations-that is, a causal relation between two or more variables, such as economic and cultural variables. 
B)  suggest multidirectional relationships between a society's mean and its mode of production. 
C)  suggest that economic systems are a better way of categorizing societies than relying on cultural patterns. 
D)  suggest an association between the economies of societies and their social features. 
E)  have strong predictive powers when analyzed in computer models.

Question 5

What happens as one moves along the cultivation continuum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ceremonies and rituals become less formal. 
B)  More time for leisurely pursuits becomes available. 
C)  The use of land and labor intensifies. 
D)  There is a heavier reliance on swidden cultivation. 
E)  The use of communal cooking houses becomes more common. 
A)  Ceremonies and rituals become less formal. 
B)  More time for leisurely pursuits becomes available. 
C)  The use of land and labor intensifies. 
D)  There is a heavier reliance on swidden cultivation. 
E)  The use of communal cooking houses becomes more common.

Question 6

Which of the following was a characteristic shared by recent foraging communities?

Accepted Answer

A)  They fished a great deal. 
B)  They relied on welfare supplied by state-level societies. 
C)  They spoke simplified languages. 
D)  They lived in marginal environments that were of little interest to food-producing societies. 
E)  They devolved to foraging from a more advanced level of subsistence. 
A)  They fished a great deal. 
B)  They relied on welfare supplied by state-level societies. 
C)  They spoke simplified languages. 
D)  They lived in marginal environments that were of little interest to food-producing societies. 
E)  They devolved to foraging from a more advanced level of subsistence.

Question 7

With balanced reciprocity, the giver expects something in return equal to what was given.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In nonindustrial societies, economic activities are embedded in the society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Band- and tribal-level societies actively promote craft and task specialization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In order to intensify production, agriculturalists frequently build irrigation canals and terraces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of most foraging societies?

Accepted Answer

A)  social stratification 
B)  sedentism 
C)  egalitarianism 
D)  irrigation 
E)  large populations 
A)  social stratification 
B)  sedentism 
C)  egalitarianism 
D)  irrigation 
E)  large populations

Question 12

Economic relationships are characteristically embedded in other relationships, such as kinship, in all of the following kinds of societies EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  states. 
B)  foragers. 
C)  horticulturalists. 
D)  pastoralists. 
E)  chiefdoms. 
A)  states. 
B)  foragers. 
C)  horticulturalists. 
D)  pastoralists. 
E)  chiefdoms.

Question 13

Most contemporary foragers live in remote areas, completely cut off from contact with other modern, agricultural, and industrial communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

With generalized reciprocity, the individuals participating in the exchange usually do not know the other person prior to the exchange.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Anthropologists often say that in nonindustrial societies, economic relationships are embedded in social relationships. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

This means that in nonindustrial societi

Question 16

Because nonindustrial economies can have features of both horticulture and agriculture, it is useful to discuss cultivators as being arranged along a cultivation continuum. Which of the following generally occurs in moving toward the more intensive end of the cultivating continuum?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased leisure time 
B)  improved overall health status of the population 
C)  increased egalitarianism 
D)  increasing economic specialization 
E)  longer fallow periods 
A)  increased leisure time 
B)  improved overall health status of the population 
C)  increased egalitarianism 
D)  increasing economic specialization 
E)  longer fallow periods

Question 17

Agriculturalists tend to live in permanent villages that are larger and closer to other settlements than the semipermanent settlements of horticulturalists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Throughout the many years that Kottak has been doing research among the nonindustrial Betsileo of Madagascar, he has witnessed the impact of globalization on their livelihood. All of the following have threatened the traditional fabric of Betsileo life EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  agricultural intensification caused by population pressure. 
B)  the breakdown of social and political order, fueled by an increasing demand for cash. 
C)  the growing threat of cattle thieves, some of them relatively well-educated young men looking to make some cash. 
D)  the increased presence of anthropologists collaborating with local leaders to preserve their ancestral lands. 
E)  emigration. 
A)  agricultural intensification caused by population pressure. 
B)  the breakdown of social and political order, fueled by an increasing demand for cash. 
C)  the growing threat of cattle thieves, some of them relatively well-educated young men looking to make some cash. 
D)  the increased presence of anthropologists collaborating with local leaders to preserve their ancestral lands. 
E)  emigration.

Question 19

Although agriculture is much more productive per acre than horticulture, horticulture is more reliable and dependable in the long run.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Imagine a foraging society that operates largely according to principles of generalized reciprocity, just prior to being colonized. Now defend the following statement: "Capitalism is not just an economic system, it is also a cultural system."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine a foraging society that operates largely...

In transhumant societies, the entire group moves with their animals throughout the year.

Why do anthropologists question the idea that present-day foragers can be compared to Paleolithic foragers?

Potlatching is a form of competitive feasting that enables individuals to redistribute surplus materials while simultaneously increasing their own prestige.

Yehudi Cohen's adaptive strategies

What happens as one moves along the cultivation continuum?

Which of the following was a characteristic shared by recent foraging communities?

With balanced reciprocity, the giver expects something in return equal to what was given.

In nonindustrial societies, economic activities are embedded in the society.

Band- and tribal-level societies actively promote craft and task specialization.

In order to intensify production, agriculturalists frequently build irrigation canals and terraces.

Which of the following is a characteristic of most foraging societies?

Economic relationships are characteristically embedded in other relationships, such as kinship, in all of the following kinds of societies EXCEPT

Most contemporary foragers live in remote areas, completely cut off from contact with other modern, agricultural, and industrial communities.

With generalized reciprocity, the individuals participating in the exchange usually do not know the other person prior to the exchange.

Anthropologists often say that in nonindustrial societies, economic relationships are embedded in social relationships. What does this mean?

Because nonindustrial economies can have features of both horticulture and agriculture, it is useful to discuss cultivators as being arranged along a cultivation continuum. Which of the following generally occurs in moving toward the more intensive end of the cultivating continuum?

Agriculturalists tend to live in permanent villages that are larger and closer to other settlements than the semipermanent settlements of horticulturalists.

Throughout the many years that Kottak has been doing research among the nonindustrial Betsileo of Madagascar, he has witnessed the impact of globalization on their livelihood. All of the following have threatened the traditional fabric of Betsileo life EXCEPT

Although agriculture is much more productive per acre than horticulture, horticulture is more reliable and dependable in the long run.

Imagine a foraging society that operates largely according to principles of generalized reciprocity, just prior to being colonized. Now defend the following statement: "Capitalism is not just an economic system, it is also a cultural system."

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Applying Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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Exam 7: Making a Living

In transhumant societies, the entire group moves with their animals throughout the year.

Why do anthropologists question the idea that present-day foragers can be compared to Paleolithic foragers?

Potlatching is a form of competitive feasting that enables individuals to redistribute surplus materials while simultaneously increasing their own prestige.

Yehudi Cohen's adaptive strategies

What happens as one moves along the cultivation continuum?

Which of the following was a characteristic shared by recent foraging communities?

With balanced reciprocity, the giver expects something in return equal to what was given.

In nonindustrial societies, economic activities are embedded in the society.

Band- and tribal-level societies actively promote craft and task specialization.

In order to intensify production, agriculturalists frequently build irrigation canals and terraces.

Which of the following is a characteristic of most foraging societies?

Economic relationships are characteristically embedded in other relationships, such as kinship, in all of the following kinds of societies EXCEPT

Most contemporary foragers live in remote areas, completely cut off from contact with other modern, agricultural, and industrial communities.

With generalized reciprocity, the individuals participating in the exchange usually do not know the other person prior to the exchange.

Anthropologists often say that in nonindustrial societies, economic relationships are embedded in social relationships. What does this mean?

Because nonindustrial economies can have features of both horticulture and agriculture, it is useful to discuss cultivators as being arranged along a cultivation continuum. Which of the following generally occurs in moving toward the more intensive end of the cultivating continuum?

Agriculturalists tend to live in permanent villages that are larger and closer to other settlements than the semipermanent settlements of horticulturalists.

Throughout the many years that Kottak has been doing research among the nonindustrial Betsileo of Madagascar, he has witnessed the impact of globalization on their livelihood. All of the following have threatened the traditional fabric of Betsileo life EXCEPT

Although agriculture is much more productive per acre than horticulture, horticulture is more reliable and dependable in the long run.

Imagine a foraging society that operates largely according to principles of generalized reciprocity, just prior to being colonized. Now defend the following statement: "Capitalism is not just an economic system, it is also a cultural system."

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Applying Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters