Question 1

Mutations in regulatory DNA sequences may be more important to evolution than mutations in genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is the best description of a gene?

Accepted Answer

A) a protein whose amino acid sequence is encoded in a segment of DNA 
B) a collection of millions or billions of base pairs of DNA, encoding many proteins 
C) a segment of DNA that is transcribed into an mRNA, a tRNA, or an rRNA 
D) a segment of mRNA that is translated into a protein 
E) A section of the nucleus where transcription takes place. 
A) a protein whose amino acid sequence is encoded in a segment of DNA 
B) a collection of millions or billions of base pairs of DNA, encoding many proteins 
C) a segment of DNA that is transcribed into an mRNA, a tRNA, or an rRNA 
D) a segment of mRNA that is translated into a protein 
E) A section of the nucleus where transcription takes place.

Question 3

tRNAs will move from the A site to the P site to the E site during protein synthesis.These sites are found in:

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA. 
B) tRNA. 
C) the large ribosomal subunit. 
D) the small ribosomal subunit. 
E) the nucleus. 
A) mRNA. 
B) tRNA. 
C) the large ribosomal subunit. 
D) the small ribosomal subunit. 
E) the nucleus.

Question 4

A portion of a gene has the following DNA sequence: GAAGGAGTAGCA,which when translated gives the amino acid sequence leucine-proline-histidine-arginine.Assume a mutation causes a C to be inserted into the sequence in between the second A and the second G.Predict how this would affect the protein produced when it is translated.

Accepted Answer

Each three bases is a codon,which codes

Question 5

The process that converts the information in DNA into RNA is:

Accepted Answer

A) translation. 
B) replication. 
C) transcription. 
D) duplication. 
E) meiosis. 
A) translation. 
B) replication. 
C) transcription. 
D) duplication. 
E) meiosis.

Question 6

There are between 20,000 and 25,000 genes in the human genome,yet our cells are capable of producing more than 90,000 different proteins.How is this possible?

Accepted Answer

A) Many genes are actually yet to be discovered. 
B) Introns are spliced back together to form mRNAs. 
C) Micro-RNAs can also be used to make proteins. 
D) Primary transcripts can be edited in different ways by alternative splicing to produce different mRNAs. 
A) Many genes are actually yet to be discovered. 
B) Introns are spliced back together to form mRNAs. 
C) Micro-RNAs can also be used to make proteins. 
D) Primary transcripts can be edited in different ways by alternative splicing to produce different mRNAs.

Question 7

During translation,one mRNA can be translated by many ribosomes at once.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The more complex the organism, the more DNA it has. 
B) The simpler the organism, the less DNA it has. 
C) The more complex the organism, the higher the percentage of the non-coding DNA. 
D) The simpler the organism, the lower the percentage of the non-coding DNA. 
A) The more complex the organism, the more DNA it has. 
B) The simpler the organism, the less DNA it has. 
C) The more complex the organism, the higher the percentage of the non-coding DNA. 
D) The simpler the organism, the lower the percentage of the non-coding DNA.

Question 9

The process of ________ enables DNA to pass its information to RNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of ________ enables DNA to...

Question 10

The process by which genetic information in DNA is copied into RNA is called translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the products of translation?

Accepted Answer

A) polypeptide chains/proteins 
B) DNA 
C) nucleotides 
D) ribosomes 
E) RNA 
A) polypeptide chains/proteins 
B) DNA 
C) nucleotides 
D) ribosomes 
E) RNA

Question 12

The genetic code:

Accepted Answer

A) tells us how RNA is assembled on a DNA template. 
B) is a list of all the possible proteins that can be made. 
C) describes the mechanics of translation. 
D) shows the connection between nucleotide triplets and the amino acids they code for. 
E) shows the connection between nucleotide triplets in DNA and their corresponding codons in RNA. 
A) tells us how RNA is assembled on a DNA template. 
B) is a list of all the possible proteins that can be made. 
C) describes the mechanics of translation. 
D) shows the connection between nucleotide triplets and the amino acids they code for. 
E) shows the connection between nucleotide triplets in DNA and their corresponding codons in RNA.

Question 13

What signals the end of the translation of an mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A STOP codon that causes the r

Question 14

How does the protein synthesis occur?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis takes place in two ste

Question 15

During translation,the tRNA binds to the mRNA using its ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During translation,the tRNA binds to the mRNA...

Question 16

The genomes of human beings and chimpanzees are nearly identical,so why are humans and chimps so different?

Accepted Answer

A) The genes of chimps make different proteins. 
B) Out of 907 genes in the liver of both humans and chimps, only half are active in chimps. 
C) The micro RNAs destroy mRNAs in chimps. 
D) The micro RNAs destroy DNAs in chimps. 
E) The regulatory sequences are different in the two species. 
A) The genes of chimps make different proteins. 
B) Out of 907 genes in the liver of both humans and chimps, only half are active in chimps. 
C) The micro RNAs destroy mRNAs in chimps. 
D) The micro RNAs destroy DNAs in chimps. 
E) The regulatory sequences are different in the two species.

Question 17

The full complement of DNA found in a cell of your body constitutes your:

Accepted Answer

A) coding sequences. 
B) non-coding sequences. 
C) genome. 
D) genetic code. 
A) coding sequences. 
B) non-coding sequences. 
C) genome. 
D) genetic code.

Exam 14: How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

Mutations in regulatory DNA sequences may be more important to evolution than mutations in genes.

Which of the following is the best description of a gene?

tRNAs will move from the A site to the P site to the E site during protein synthesis.These sites are found in:

The process that converts the information in DNA into RNA is:

There are between 20,000 and 25,000 genes in the human genome,yet our cells are capable of producing more than 90,000 different proteins.How is this possible?

During translation,one mRNA can be translated by many ribosomes at once.

Which of the following statements is correct?

The process of ________ enables DNA to pass its information to RNA.

The process by which genetic information in DNA is copied into RNA is called translation.

What are the products of translation?

The genetic code:

What signals the end of the translation of an mRNA?

How does the protein synthesis occur?

During translation,the tRNA binds to the mRNA using its ________.

The genomes of human beings and chimpanzees are nearly identical,so why are humans and chimps so different?

The full complement of DNA found in a cell of your body constitutes your:

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

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