Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Recall that Darley and Batson (1973) conducted a study in which participants were provided the opportunity to help when they were on their way to deliver a brief speech on the Good Samaritan or on another topic.These researchers found that ________ because ________.

On her first day of work in a new job, Amy would be most likely to feel resentful were a coworker to say to her,

The authors provide the text of a UPI story describing the discovery of the bones of a disabled dwarf in a cave in northern Italy.The reporters speculate that over 12,000 years ago, early hominids would take care of the disabled members of their group.________ would argue that the bones belonged to a dwarf who was related to the other cave inhabitants, whereas ________ would argue that the other inhabitants relied on the dwarf for some unknown purpose.

The phenomenon in which each bystander's sense of responsibility to help decreases as the number of witnesses increases best defines

Which of the following is the best example of someone with an altruistic personality?

According to Milgram's (1970) ________ hypothesis, compared to rural dwellers, people in large cities are bombarded with stimulation and work to reduce it by keeping to themselves.

Researchers (Burnstein, Crandall, & Kitayama, 1994) found that when participants imagined a house fire, they were more likely to help some people than other people.Based on these researchers' findings, it seems that in life-and-death situations,

To ensure that community service participation for a school or job does not undermine people's intrinsic motivation for helping, an administrator should do which of the following?

You are trying to convince your friend Alexandria to donate her time and money to your favorite charitable cause.If you wanted to use the "feel bad; do good" idea to persuade her to help, you would

There is a stereotype that individuals who are described as religious will be more likely to help than others.However, the research demonstrates that this is not universally true.Describe the research findings.

One consequence of living by the Golden Rule, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you," is that if you help those in need, they might return the favor someday.This idea is best represented by

Whereas ________ is any act performed to benefit another, ________ is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.

According to research, people who lived in the same area for a longer period of time are more likely to feel all of the following except

Some have speculated that people in rural areas are more likely to help than are people in urban areas because "trust" and "being neighborly" are more valued in rural than in urban settings.Were this true, who would be most likely to help a stranger who needed assistance?

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Discuss the role of media in helping.

A primary focus of the field of "positive psychology" is the study of

Based on evidence from studies presented in the chapter on evolutionary explanations of helping behavior, whom would you be the most likely to help if she had just spilled the contents of her purse?

If the urban overload hypothesis (Milgram, 1970) is true, ________ to help a fallen pedestrian on the streets of New York City because ________.

Researchers (Isen & Levin, 1972) found that mall shoppers who found dimes were more likely to help a stranger pick up papers he had dropped.These results suggest that