Question 1

Self competence:

Accepted Answer

A)  is similar to Bandura's concept of self efficacy. 
B)  involves a perceived sense of social worth. 
C)  reflects positive or negative evaluations of the self and related feelings of self-worth that stem from internalized social standards of appropriateness. 
D)  is negatively correlated with self-worth. 
A)  is similar to Bandura's concept of self efficacy. 
B)  involves a perceived sense of social worth. 
C)  reflects positive or negative evaluations of the self and related feelings of self-worth that stem from internalized social standards of appropriateness. 
D)  is negatively correlated with self-worth.

Question 2

Outline Marcia's four levels of ego identity status.

Accepted Answer

Identity achievement -refers to the succ

Question 3

William James's components of the self-concept include:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ideal self, the actual self, the ought self. 
B)  the bad me, the good me, the not me. 
C)  the material me, the social me, the spiritual me. 
D)  the actual me, the public me, the private me. 
A)  the ideal self, the actual self, the ought self. 
B)  the bad me, the good me, the not me. 
C)  the material me, the social me, the spiritual me. 
D)  the actual me, the public me, the private me.

Question 4

One criticism of E. Tory Higgins's work on self-discrepancy theory (SDT) is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the theory is presented in such abstract terms that it cannot be tested. 
B)  the theory lacks applied value. 
C)  the empirical distinction between ought and ideal selves is quite blurry. 
D)  SDT pathologizes minority group members. 
A)  the theory is presented in such abstract terms that it cannot be tested. 
B)  the theory lacks applied value. 
C)  the empirical distinction between ought and ideal selves is quite blurry. 
D)  SDT pathologizes minority group members.

Question 5

According to Linville, _____________ is an important buffer against stress, in that it reduces vulnerability to maladjustment.

Accepted Answer

A)  compensatory conviction. 
B)  self-complexity. 
C)  social comparison. 
D)  self reference. 
A)  compensatory conviction. 
B)  self-complexity. 
C)  social comparison. 
D)  self reference.

Question 6

According to George Herbert Mead, symbolic interactionism theory is concerned with:

Accepted Answer

A)  our perception of the treatment we receive from others. 
B)  the actual treatment we receive from others. 
C)  how the treatment we receive from others shapes our self-concept. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  our perception of the treatment we receive from others. 
B)  the actual treatment we receive from others. 
C)  how the treatment we receive from others shapes our self-concept. 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

When he got back a statistics test, Doug compared his grades with the grades of other students. Festinger calls this:

Accepted Answer

A)  social-verification. 
B)  self-improvement. 
C)  self-verification. 
D)  social-differentiation. 
A)  social-verification. 
B)  self-improvement. 
C)  self-verification. 
D)  social-differentiation.

Question 8

____________________ has led to the development of the sound Princess, which is used by Japanese women to mask the sounds made in public washrooms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Private self-consciousness 
B)  Objective self-awareness 
C)  Public self-consciousness 
D)  Personal self-awareness 
A)  Private self-consciousness 
B)  Objective self-awareness 
C)  Public self-consciousness 
D)  Personal self-awareness

Question 9

Identify the case example that illustrates the concept of paradoxical self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anthony has high self-liking and high self-competence, despite very poor performance in school. 
B)  Marta, who is well-liked by her co-workers and successful in her job has high self-esteem. 
C)  Connie has been fired from several jobs and has few friends. She is low in self-liking and self-competence. 
D)  Caitlin has low self-liking, high self-competence, and is a highly successful orthopedic surgeon. 
A)  Anthony has high self-liking and high self-competence, despite very poor performance in school. 
B)  Marta, who is well-liked by her co-workers and successful in her job has high self-esteem. 
C)  Connie has been fired from several jobs and has few friends. She is low in self-liking and self-competence. 
D)  Caitlin has low self-liking, high self-competence, and is a highly successful orthopedic surgeon.

Question 10

Give three examples of the differences in the self-concept across individualistic and collectivistic cultures.

Accepted Answer

Individualistic
0-20% self concept state

Question 11

In the Shavelson et al. hierarchical model of self-esteem, the general self-concept is composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  academic, social, emotional, and physical self-concepts. 
B)  occupational, relational, and psychological self-concepts. 
C)  family, work, and friendship self-concepts. 
D)  intellectual, psychological, social, and biological self-concepts. 
A)  academic, social, emotional, and physical self-concepts. 
B)  occupational, relational, and psychological self-concepts. 
C)  family, work, and friendship self-concepts. 
D)  intellectual, psychological, social, and biological self-concepts.

Question 12

When Tim was 10 years old, he decided he wanted to be a lawyer, and to the delight of his parents, he never wavered from that decision. By the age of 25, Tim was called to the bar (became a lawyer). According to James Marcia, Tim has attained the ego identity status of:

Accepted Answer

A)  foreclosure. 
B)  identity achievement. 
C)  identity diffusion. 
D)  moratorium. 
A)  foreclosure. 
B)  identity achievement. 
C)  identity diffusion. 
D)  moratorium.

Question 13

In Gergen's experiment on the looking glass self:

Accepted Answer

A)  being the recipient of positive reinforcement from the experimenter led to higher levels of self-esteem. 
B)  positive reinforcement increased self-esteem only in the ingratiation condition. 
C)  positive reinforcement increased self-esteem only in the accurate impression condition. 
D)  self-esteem was unaffected by the experimenter's feedback. 
A)  being the recipient of positive reinforcement from the experimenter led to higher levels of self-esteem. 
B)  positive reinforcement increased self-esteem only in the ingratiation condition. 
C)  positive reinforcement increased self-esteem only in the accurate impression condition. 
D)  self-esteem was unaffected by the experimenter's feedback.

Question 14

Courtney has a large discrepancy between her actual self and ought self. According to E. Tory Higgins, we would expect that Courtney would:

Accepted Answer

A)  experience depression. 
B)  experience anxiety. 
C)  experience anxiety only if she developed health difficulties. 
D)  experience anxiety and depression. 
A)  experience depression. 
B)  experience anxiety. 
C)  experience anxiety only if she developed health difficulties. 
D)  experience anxiety and depression.

Question 15

Our sense of self depends on the reactions of other people, and how other people treat us. The reactions we receive from others are incorporated into our sense of self. This statement refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Cooley's looking glass self. 
B)  William James' description of the self concept. 
C)  the reaction of an insecure person who pays too much attention to what others think. 
D)  Mark Leary's conception of the self concept. 
A)  Charles Cooley's looking glass self. 
B)  William James' description of the self concept. 
C)  the reaction of an insecure person who pays too much attention to what others think. 
D)  Mark Leary's conception of the self concept.

Question 16

The term "reflected appraisal" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  self appraisal. 
B)  the persons perception of other people's appraisal. 
C)  actual appraisal. 
D)  hidden appraisal. 
A)  self appraisal. 
B)  the persons perception of other people's appraisal. 
C)  actual appraisal. 
D)  hidden appraisal.

Question 17

The spontaneous self-concept:

Accepted Answer

A)  is primarily concerned with self-esteem. 
B)  is assessed by a measure that has an individual indicate which of a long list of adjectives applies to him or herself. 
C)  is multifaceted, with at least seven components 
D)  is not useful in research about the self-concept because it is too subjective. 
A)  is primarily concerned with self-esteem. 
B)  is assessed by a measure that has an individual indicate which of a long list of adjectives applies to him or herself. 
C)  is multifaceted, with at least seven components 
D)  is not useful in research about the self-concept because it is too subjective.

Question 18

E. Tory Higgin's work on self discrepancy theory considers:

Accepted Answer

A)  the feared possible self and the desirable possible self. 
B)  the feared possible self, the desirable possible self, and the discrepancies between them. 
C)  the ideal self, the actual self, and the ought self. 
D)  the idealized and actual self 
A)  the feared possible self and the desirable possible self. 
B)  the feared possible self, the desirable possible self, and the discrepancies between them. 
C)  the ideal self, the actual self, and the ought self. 
D)  the idealized and actual self

Question 19

Recent evidence suggests_________________ correlations between implicit and explicit self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)  small but significant positive 
B)  large positive 
C)  non-significant 
D)  large negative 
A)  small but significant positive 
B)  large positive 
C)  non-significant 
D)  large negative

Question 20

Name and describe three of the five motives that can guide the self-concept.

Accepted Answer

Motives that guide self-concept include:

Self competence:

Outline Marcia's four levels of ego identity status.

William James's components of the self-concept include:

One criticism of E. Tory Higgins's work on self-discrepancy theory (SDT) is that:

According to Linville, _____________ is an important buffer against stress, in that it reduces vulnerability to maladjustment.

According to George Herbert Mead, symbolic interactionism theory is concerned with:

When he got back a statistics test, Doug compared his grades with the grades of other students. Festinger calls this:

____________________ has led to the development of the sound Princess, which is used by Japanese women to mask the sounds made in public washrooms.

Identify the case example that illustrates the concept of paradoxical self-esteem.

Give three examples of the differences in the self-concept across individualistic and collectivistic cultures.

In the Shavelson et al. hierarchical model of self-esteem, the general self-concept is composed of:

When Tim was 10 years old, he decided he wanted to be a lawyer, and to the delight of his parents, he never wavered from that decision. By the age of 25, Tim was called to the bar (became a lawyer). According to James Marcia, Tim has attained the ego identity status of:

In Gergen's experiment on the looking glass self:

Courtney has a large discrepancy between her actual self and ought self. According to E. Tory Higgins, we would expect that Courtney would:

Our sense of self depends on the reactions of other people, and how other people treat us. The reactions we receive from others are incorporated into our sense of self. This statement refers to:

The term "reflected appraisal" refers to:

The spontaneous self-concept:

E. Tory Higgin's work on self discrepancy theory considers:

Recent evidence suggests_________________ correlations between implicit and explicit self-esteem.

Name and describe three of the five motives that can guide the self-concept.

Personality -An Introduction

Units of Personality -Types Versus Traits

The Development of Personality

Personality Research Methods and Assessment Issues

Psychodynamic Theories

Motivational Theories and Psychological Needs

Humanistic Theories and Self-Actualization

Behavioural and Learning Theories

Cognitive Theories and Cognitive Factors

Interpersonal Theories and Interpersonal Styles

Personality and Health

Personality, Mental Health, and Psychopathology

Psychobiography and Personology

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Exam 11: Personality Theory and the Self-Concept

Self competence:

Outline Marcia's four levels of ego identity status.

William James's components of the self-concept include:

One criticism of E. Tory Higgins's work on self-discrepancy theory (SDT) is that:

According to Linville, _____________ is an important buffer against stress, in that it reduces vulnerability to maladjustment.

According to George Herbert Mead, symbolic interactionism theory is concerned with:

When he got back a statistics test, Doug compared his grades with the grades of other students. Festinger calls this:

____________________ has led to the development of the sound Princess, which is used by Japanese women to mask the sounds made in public washrooms.

Identify the case example that illustrates the concept of paradoxical self-esteem.

Give three examples of the differences in the self-concept across individualistic and collectivistic cultures.

In the Shavelson et al. hierarchical model of self-esteem, the general self-concept is composed of:

When Tim was 10 years old, he decided he wanted to be a lawyer, and to the delight of his parents, he never wavered from that decision. By the age of 25, Tim was called to the bar (became a lawyer). According to James Marcia, Tim has attained the ego identity status of:

In Gergen's experiment on the looking glass self:

Courtney has a large discrepancy between her actual self and ought self. According to E. Tory Higgins, we would expect that Courtney would:

Our sense of self depends on the reactions of other people, and how other people treat us. The reactions we receive from others are incorporated into our sense of self. This statement refers to:

The term "reflected appraisal" refers to:

The spontaneous self-concept:

E. Tory Higgin's work on self discrepancy theory considers:

Recent evidence suggests_________________ correlations between implicit and explicit self-esteem.

Name and describe three of the five motives that can guide the self-concept.

Personality -An Introduction

Units of Personality -Types Versus Traits

The Development of Personality

Personality Research Methods and Assessment Issues

Psychodynamic Theories

Motivational Theories and Psychological Needs

Humanistic Theories and Self-Actualization

Behavioural and Learning Theories

Cognitive Theories and Cognitive Factors

Interpersonal Theories and Interpersonal Styles

Personality and Health

Personality, Mental Health, and Psychopathology

Psychobiography and Personology

Filters