Question 1

The personality disorder clusters identified in the DSM:

Accepted Answer

A)  are theoretically derived. 
B)  are empirically derived. 
C)  are both empirically and theoretically derived. 
D)  are based on subjective impressions. 
A)  are theoretically derived. 
B)  are empirically derived. 
C)  are both empirically and theoretically derived. 
D)  are based on subjective impressions. D

Question 2

Identify and briefly explain three models of drinking behaviour.

Accepted Answer

1) According to the social learning theory of alcoholism, people with positive expectancy schemas of drinking are more likely to become problem drinkers. Expectancy schemas for drinking are influenced by observations of parents, role models, peers, and the media.
2) According to the self-awareness model of drinking, drinking is reinforcing in several ways. Drinking increases the sense of personal power and efficacy, and reduces feelings of guilt and inadequacy. As well when people drink they become less cognitively able to attend to their shortcomings, and are more likely to drink when they feel self-conscious.
3) According to the self-handicapping theory, drinking shifts the blame from oneself to the effects of alcohol.
**To make this question more difficult, ask students to provide examples for each model.

Question 3

University students:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less likely to binge drink than others of the same age who are not in university 
B)  are less likely to be diagnosed with a drinking problem than non students of the same age 
C)  are more likely to be diagnosed with a drinking problem than non students of the same age 
D)  show substantially different drinking patterns depending on whether they live in Canada or the United States. 
A)  are less likely to binge drink than others of the same age who are not in university 
B)  are less likely to be diagnosed with a drinking problem than non students of the same age 
C)  are more likely to be diagnosed with a drinking problem than non students of the same age 
D)  show substantially different drinking patterns depending on whether they live in Canada or the United States. C

Question 4

When people are asked to make personality ratings about themselves or others on a personality trait domain that is difficult to rate, the "self-based heuristic" comes into play. The term "self-based heuristic" means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people rate themselves more positively than others. 
B)  people attribute their own behaviour to situational factors and the behaviour of others to dispositional factors 
C)  ratings are reflective of the raters own personality features. 
D)  people rate others more positively than themselves. 
A)  people rate themselves more positively than others. 
B)  people attribute their own behaviour to situational factors and the behaviour of others to dispositional factors 
C)  ratings are reflective of the raters own personality features. 
D)  people rate others more positively than themselves.

Question 5

What role(s) is personality thought to have in psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality may be a vulnerability factor for the development of psychopathology. 
B)  Personality factors may explain some of the heterogeneity among people who share the same diagnosis but display somewhat different symptoms. 
C)  Personality plays a role in the persistence of psychopathology. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Personality may be a vulnerability factor for the development of psychopathology. 
B)  Personality factors may explain some of the heterogeneity among people who share the same diagnosis but display somewhat different symptoms. 
C)  Personality plays a role in the persistence of psychopathology. 
D)  All of the above

Question 6

A problem with using distress as one of the criterion for defining abnormal behaviour is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  many people with distressing but common symptoms such as anxiety may be classified as having a disorder. 
B)  many people with personality disorders experience little distress but cause significant discomfort to others. 
C)  very few people with major mental disorders such as schizophrenia experience personal distress. 
D)  psychologists cannot measure distress. 
A)  many people with distressing but common symptoms such as anxiety may be classified as having a disorder. 
B)  many people with personality disorders experience little distress but cause significant discomfort to others. 
C)  very few people with major mental disorders such as schizophrenia experience personal distress. 
D)  psychologists cannot measure distress.

Question 7

According to the ________________ of drinking, drinking results in reduced self-awareness and decreases the cognitive ability to focus on personal shortcomings and deficiencies.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-awareness model of drinking 
B)  self-handicapping theory of drinking 
C)  social learning theory of alcoholism 
D)  cognitive awareness theory of drinking 
A)  self-awareness model of drinking 
B)  self-handicapping theory of drinking 
C)  social learning theory of alcoholism 
D)  cognitive awareness theory of drinking

Question 8

The term PSY-5 applies to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the personality disorder subscale of the five factor model. 
B)  five factors commonly associated with psychopathology. 
C)  the psychopathology five derived from the MMPI-2. 
D)  a subscale of the NEO-PI-R. 
A)  the personality disorder subscale of the five factor model. 
B)  five factors commonly associated with psychopathology. 
C)  the psychopathology five derived from the MMPI-2. 
D)  a subscale of the NEO-PI-R.

Question 9

Binge drinking is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  introversion and hostility 
B)  psychoticism and neuroticism 
C)  dependency and social anxiety 
D)  perfectionism 
A)  introversion and hostility 
B)  psychoticism and neuroticism 
C)  dependency and social anxiety 
D)  perfectionism

Question 10

In a 15-year longitudinal study, Shedler and Block found that substance abuse is predicted by:

Accepted Answer

A)  impulsivity, interpersonal alienation, emotional distress. 
B)  extroversion and neuroticism. 
C)  low pain tolerance and emotional distress. 
D)  extroversion and low conscientiousness. 
A)  impulsivity, interpersonal alienation, emotional distress. 
B)  extroversion and neuroticism. 
C)  low pain tolerance and emotional distress. 
D)  extroversion and low conscientiousness.

Question 11

Research findings from twin studies indicate that:

Accepted Answer

A)  heritability rates for normal personality traits are in the 5-15% range. 
B)  heritability rates for normal personality traits are in the 20-30% range. 
C)  heritability rates for normal personality traits are in the 40-60% range. 
D)  personality traits are not inherited. 
A)  heritability rates for normal personality traits are in the 5-15% range. 
B)  heritability rates for normal personality traits are in the 20-30% range. 
C)  heritability rates for normal personality traits are in the 40-60% range. 
D)  personality traits are not inherited.

Question 12

The traits of the five-factor model are especially applicable to:

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent and antisocial personality disorder. 
B)  schizotypal and paranoid personality disorder. 
C)  obsessive compulsive and schizoid personality disorder. 
D)  borderline and avoidant personality disorder. 
A)  dependent and antisocial personality disorder. 
B)  schizotypal and paranoid personality disorder. 
C)  obsessive compulsive and schizoid personality disorder. 
D)  borderline and avoidant personality disorder.

Question 13

The _______________test/scale lends support to the dimensional model of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  MMPI-2 
B)  CHIP 
C)  DAPP-BQ 
D)  the Psychopathy checklist 
A)  MMPI-2 
B)  CHIP 
C)  DAPP-BQ 
D)  the Psychopathy checklist

Question 14

Identify and discuss four potential roles of personality in psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

.Personality factors may serve as vulner

Question 15

Discuss the evidence for the dimensional conceptualization of personality disorders.

Accepted Answer

There is a great deal of support for the

Question 16

This scale was developed by Robert Hare and his associates to assess psychopathy. Factor 1 of this scale measures emotional detachment and Factor 2 measures an unstable, antisocial, and impulsive lifestyle. The name of the scale is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  NEO-PI-R. 
B)  PCL-R. 
C)  DAPP-BQ. 
D)  PSY-5. 
A)  NEO-PI-R. 
B)  PCL-R. 
C)  DAPP-BQ. 
D)  PSY-5.

Question 17

Instead of working on an essay that was due on Monday, David spent most of the weekend drinking beer at a folk music festival. Predictably, he received a low grade on the essay. David attributed his poor performance to the way he spent the weekend, and thus maintained his image of himself as a capable student. This example is consistent with the ___________________ of drinking.

Accepted Answer

A)  social learning theory 
B)  self-justification model 
C)  self-awareness model 
D)  self-handicapping theory 
A)  social learning theory 
B)  self-justification model 
C)  self-awareness model 
D)  self-handicapping theory

Question 18

A problem with research on personality factors and drinking is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  findings on the relations between drinking and personality are overly simplistic. 
B)  the research assumes that people have accurate insight into why they drink. 
C)  findings on drinking and personality are contradictory. 
D)  drinking behaviour is not predicted by personality. 
A)  findings on the relations between drinking and personality are overly simplistic. 
B)  the research assumes that people have accurate insight into why they drink. 
C)  findings on drinking and personality are contradictory. 
D)  drinking behaviour is not predicted by personality.

Question 19

Theorists have focused on two main classes of variables in the attempt to link personality factors with substance abuse. The two variables are:

Accepted Answer

A)  tension relief and behavioural disinhibition. 
B)  extraversion and aggression. 
C)  reward dependence and fear avoidance. 
D)  narcissism and aggression. 
A)  tension relief and behavioural disinhibition. 
B)  extraversion and aggression. 
C)  reward dependence and fear avoidance. 
D)  narcissism and aggression.

Question 20

Identify the statement in which the personality disorder clusters are correctly matched with the descriptive terms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cluster A -fearful; Cluster B -dramatic and erratic; Cluster C -odd and eccentric 
B)  Cluster A -dramatic and erratic; Cluster B -odd and eccentric; Cluster C -fearful. 
C)  Cluster A -odd and eccentric; Cluster B -dramatic and erratic; Cluster C -fearful. 
D)  Cluster A -odd and eccentric; Cluster B -fearful; Cluster C -dramatic and erratic. 
A)  Cluster A -fearful; Cluster B -dramatic and erratic; Cluster C -odd and eccentric 
B)  Cluster A -dramatic and erratic; Cluster B -odd and eccentric; Cluster C -fearful. 
C)  Cluster A -odd and eccentric; Cluster B -dramatic and erratic; Cluster C -fearful. 
D)  Cluster A -odd and eccentric; Cluster B -fearful; Cluster C -dramatic and erratic.

The personality disorder clusters identified in the DSM:

Identify and briefly explain three models of drinking behaviour.

University students:

When people are asked to make personality ratings about themselves or others on a personality trait domain that is difficult to rate, the "self-based heuristic" comes into play. The term "self-based heuristic" means that:

What role(s) is personality thought to have in psychopathology?

A problem with using distress as one of the criterion for defining abnormal behaviour is that:

According to the ________________ of drinking, drinking results in reduced self-awareness and decreases the cognitive ability to focus on personal shortcomings and deficiencies.

The term PSY-5 applies to:

Binge drinking is associated with:

In a 15-year longitudinal study, Shedler and Block found that substance abuse is predicted by:

Research findings from twin studies indicate that:

The traits of the five-factor model are especially applicable to:

The _______________test/scale lends support to the dimensional model of personality.

Identify and discuss four potential roles of personality in psychopathology.

Discuss the evidence for the dimensional conceptualization of personality disorders.

This scale was developed by Robert Hare and his associates to assess psychopathy. Factor 1 of this scale measures emotional detachment and Factor 2 measures an unstable, antisocial, and impulsive lifestyle. The name of the scale is the:

A problem with research on personality factors and drinking is that:

Theorists have focused on two main classes of variables in the attempt to link personality factors with substance abuse. The two variables are:

Identify the statement in which the personality disorder clusters are correctly matched with the descriptive terms.

Personality -An Introduction

Units of Personality -Types Versus Traits

The Development of Personality

Personality Research Methods and Assessment Issues

Psychodynamic Theories

Motivational Theories and Psychological Needs

Humanistic Theories and Self-Actualization

Behavioural and Learning Theories

Cognitive Theories and Cognitive Factors

Interpersonal Theories and Interpersonal Styles

Personality Theory and the Self-Concept

Personality and Health

Psychobiography and Personology

Filters

Exam 13: Personality, Mental Health, and Psychopathology

The personality disorder clusters identified in the DSM:

Identify and briefly explain three models of drinking behaviour.

University students:

When people are asked to make personality ratings about themselves or others on a personality trait domain that is difficult to rate, the "self-based heuristic" comes into play. The term "self-based heuristic" means that:

What role(s) is personality thought to have in psychopathology?

A problem with using distress as one of the criterion for defining abnormal behaviour is that:

According to the ________________ of drinking, drinking results in reduced self-awareness and decreases the cognitive ability to focus on personal shortcomings and deficiencies.

The term PSY-5 applies to:

Binge drinking is associated with:

In a 15-year longitudinal study, Shedler and Block found that substance abuse is predicted by:

Research findings from twin studies indicate that:

The traits of the five-factor model are especially applicable to:

The _______________test/scale lends support to the dimensional model of personality.

Identify and discuss four potential roles of personality in psychopathology.

Discuss the evidence for the dimensional conceptualization of personality disorders.

This scale was developed by Robert Hare and his associates to assess psychopathy. Factor 1 of this scale measures emotional detachment and Factor 2 measures an unstable, antisocial, and impulsive lifestyle. The name of the scale is the:

A problem with research on personality factors and drinking is that:

Theorists have focused on two main classes of variables in the attempt to link personality factors with substance abuse. The two variables are:

Identify the statement in which the personality disorder clusters are correctly matched with the descriptive terms.

Personality -An Introduction

Units of Personality -Types Versus Traits

The Development of Personality

Personality Research Methods and Assessment Issues

Psychodynamic Theories

Motivational Theories and Psychological Needs

Humanistic Theories and Self-Actualization

Behavioural and Learning Theories

Cognitive Theories and Cognitive Factors

Interpersonal Theories and Interpersonal Styles

Personality Theory and the Self-Concept

Personality and Health

Psychobiography and Personology

Filters