Exam 11: The Ecology and Evolution of Spiral Distribution

The fact that female mammals often live in matrilineal social groups in which the benefits of living with kin may be quite high is often associated with

One idea to explain the direction of the sex bias in natal dispersal is that the sex that gets first choice of breeding sites is the one that remains in the natal area; the other sex disperses. Particularly in mammals, what factor is it that seems to determine which sex "gets first choice"?

Höner and colleagues (2007) studied eight clans of spotted hyenas in northern Tanzania between 1996 and 2006, testing four hypotheses for natal dispersal by male hyenas. The hypotheses were that males disperse (1) to avoid competition with other males for mates, (2) to avoid inbreeding, (3) to avoid competition for food, or (4) in response to female patterns of mate choice. What did their findings suggest was the basis for an immigrating male's selection of clan?

Situations in which the cues used by animals to select a habitat, e.g., availability of nest sites or prey, actually result in a marked reduction in fitness

If there are sex or age differences within a species in patterns of migratory behavior, the class(es) most likely to migrate are

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the Monarch butterflies' Mexican roost sites?

The process of habitat selection can be divided into three phases: (1) search, (2) settlement, and (3) residency. Typically the ratio of costs to benefits differs across the phases. Which of the following pairings MOST accurately represents the nature of the phase(s)?

Reproductive suppression, through either chemical means, such as pheromones, or behavioral means, such as aggression, is a potential cost associated with

There are two general search strategies used by animals during habitat selection: a comparison search or a sequential search. A sequential search is

If a migratory species has endured great hardship to arrive at warmer winter habitats, why do they ever leave to return to summer homes? Because farther from the equator

A resource-defense mating system is frequently associated with

There has been considerable debate over the role of inbreeding in natal dispersal. Rather than dispersing explicitly to avoid breeding with relatives, some have argued that natal dispersal is more likely the result of

Which gender in birds is most likely to exhibit natal dispersal?

Which of the following would NOT be considered a cost of migration?