Question 1

Through the 1970s, communication would have been characterized as

Accepted Answer

A)  deceptive 
B)  dishonest 
C)  manipulative 
D)  reliable 
A)  deceptive 
B)  dishonest 
C)  manipulative 
D)  reliable

Question 2

We expect to see honest signals when

Accepted Answer

A)  assessing or challenging a signal is costly. 
B)  dishonest signalers can be identified. 
C)  signals indicate something about the sender that cannot be faked. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  assessing or challenging a signal is costly. 
B)  dishonest signalers can be identified. 
C)  signals indicate something about the sender that cannot be faked. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 3

Display flights of birds differ from ordinary flight in that display flights are

Accepted Answer

A)  extremely quiet. 
B)  longer. 
C)  more conspicuous. 
D)  performed more routinely. 
A)  extremely quiet. 
B)  longer. 
C)  more conspicuous. 
D)  performed more routinely.

Question 4

Zahavi (1975, 1977) suggested that if a signal is costly and is related to the quality of the sender, and the receiver is interested in the quality of the sender and will benefit from attending to an honest signal, then the signal may evolve as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  dishonest signal. 
B)  dynamic signal. 
C)  handicap. 
D)  ritual. 
A)  dishonest signal. 
B)  dynamic signal. 
C)  handicap. 
D)  ritual.

Question 5

Vasodilation, changes in respiration, and piloerection are responses that have become part of many courtship and aggressive displays and are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomic responses. 
B)  displacement activities. 
C)  intention movements. 
D)  unreliable signals. 
A)  autonomic responses. 
B)  displacement activities. 
C)  intention movements. 
D)  unreliable signals.

Question 6

Behaviors that have become freed from the internal and external factors that originally caused them were described by Tinbergen (1952) as

Accepted Answer

A)  conflicted. 
B)  displaced. 
C)  emancipated. 
D)  rechanneled. 
A)  conflicted. 
B)  displaced. 
C)  emancipated. 
D)  rechanneled.

Question 7

We expect the coordination of mating activities to favor the production of signals that are

Accepted Answer

A)  ambiguous. 
B)  deceptive. 
C)  honest. 
D)  manipulative. 
A)  ambiguous. 
B)  deceptive. 
C)  honest. 
D)  manipulative.

Question 8

Huxley (1923) suggested that many signals get their start as part of another behavior or physiological response and called the process

Accepted Answer

A)  receiver bias. 
B)  ritualization. 
C)  sender bias. 
D)  shaping. 
A)  receiver bias. 
B)  ritualization. 
C)  sender bias. 
D)  shaping.

Question 9

Diversity in signal forms both between and within species can be produced by differences in characteristics of the

Accepted Answer

A)  environment. 
B)  receiver. 
C)  sender. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  environment. 
B)  receiver. 
C)  sender. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 10

Herbert Terrace was highly critical of the ape/language work, concluding that the animals were simply imitating their trainers. Later work by others suggested that

Accepted Answer

A)  all the other language-trained apes had also failed to use sign language any more spontaneously than did Terrace's chimpanzee Nim. 
B)  language-trained apes can use their signs or lexigrams as true symbols rather than simply as labels. 
C)  language-trained apes would sign only to their trainers rather than ever sign to other animals or to themselves. 
D)  Terrace was right. 
A)  all the other language-trained apes had also failed to use sign language any more spontaneously than did Terrace's chimpanzee Nim. 
B)  language-trained apes can use their signs or lexigrams as true symbols rather than simply as labels. 
C)  language-trained apes would sign only to their trainers rather than ever sign to other animals or to themselves. 
D)  Terrace was right.

Question 11

Chimpanzees Washoe, Sarah, and Lana were all much more successful in their attempts at language learning than was chimpanzee Viki because their means of communication did NOT involve

Accepted Answer

A)  lexigrams. 
B)  plastic chips. 
C)  sign language. 
D)  vocal speech. 
A)  lexigrams. 
B)  plastic chips. 
C)  sign language. 
D)  vocal speech.

Question 12

Factors that favor an honest communicative signal are frequently associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  low signal production cost. 
B)  physical or physiological condition. 
C)  signals that are difficult for the receiver to discriminate. 
D)  size of territorial holdings. 
A)  low signal production cost. 
B)  physical or physiological condition. 
C)  signals that are difficult for the receiver to discriminate. 
D)  size of territorial holdings.

Question 13

Dawkins and Krebs (1978) suggested that animals communicate, not to convey information, but to produce or receive signals that ______ result in an increase in their own reproductive success.

Accepted Answer

A)  must always 
B)  nearly always 
C)  on average 
D)  will only infrequently 
A)  must always 
B)  nearly always 
C)  on average 
D)  will only infrequently

Question 14

Since carotenoids cannot be synthesized by vertebrates, if you are a female bird and have a choice between a brightly colored male and dull colored male, you are more likely to choose the brighter colored male because he is likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  a better parent. 
B)  healthier. 
C)  the better forager. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  a better parent. 
B)  healthier. 
C)  the better forager. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 15

Marc Hauser (1998) used habituation to determine how rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) classify food calls. He found that when they hear food calls they classify them

Accepted Answer

A)  by their meaning, but only when the food is of high quality. 
B)  by their meaning; the calls convey information regarding food quality being high or low. 
C)  by their sound; they have more sounds for low quality food than for high quality food. 
D)  by their sound; they have up to 25 sounds for both low and high quality food. 
A)  by their meaning, but only when the food is of high quality. 
B)  by their meaning; the calls convey information regarding food quality being high or low. 
C)  by their sound; they have more sounds for low quality food than for high quality food. 
D)  by their sound; they have up to 25 sounds for both low and high quality food.

Through the 1970s, communication would have been characterized as

We expect to see honest signals when

Display flights of birds differ from ordinary flight in that display flights are

Zahavi (1975, 1977) suggested that if a signal is costly and is related to the quality of the sender, and the receiver is interested in the quality of the sender and will benefit from attending to an honest signal, then the signal may evolve as a(n)

Vasodilation, changes in respiration, and piloerection are responses that have become part of many courtship and aggressive displays and are examples of

Behaviors that have become freed from the internal and external factors that originally caused them were described by Tinbergen (1952) as

We expect the coordination of mating activities to favor the production of signals that are

Huxley (1923) suggested that many signals get their start as part of another behavior or physiological response and called the process

Diversity in signal forms both between and within species can be produced by differences in characteristics of the

Herbert Terrace was highly critical of the ape/language work, concluding that the animals were simply imitating their trainers. Later work by others suggested that

Chimpanzees Washoe, Sarah, and Lana were all much more successful in their attempts at language learning than was chimpanzee Viki because their means of communication did NOT involve

Factors that favor an honest communicative signal are frequently associated with

Dawkins and Krebs (1978) suggested that animals communicate, not to convey information, but to produce or receive signals that ______ result in an increase in their own reproductive success.

Since carotenoids cannot be synthesized by vertebrates, if you are a female bird and have a choice between a brightly colored male and dull colored male, you are more likely to choose the brighter colored male because he is likely to be

Marc Hauser (1998) used habituation to determine how rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) classify food calls. He found that when they hear food calls they classify them

Introduction

Approaches to the Study of Animal Behavior

Genetic Analysis of Behavior

Natural Selection and Behavior

Learning and Cognition

Physiological Analysis-Nerve Cells and Behavior

Physiological Analysis of Behavior- the Endocrine System

The Development of Behavior

Biological Clocks

Mechanisms of Orientation and Behavior

The Ecology and Evolution of Spiral Distribution

Foraging Behavior

Antipredator Behavior

Reproductive Behavior

Parental Care and Mating Systems

Communications: Channels and Functions

Conflict

Group Living, Altruism, and Cooperation

Filters

Exam 17: The Evolution of Communication

Through the 1970s, communication would have been characterized as

We expect to see honest signals when

Display flights of birds differ from ordinary flight in that display flights are

Zahavi (1975, 1977) suggested that if a signal is costly and is related to the quality of the sender, and the receiver is interested in the quality of the sender and will benefit from attending to an honest signal, then the signal may evolve as a(n)

Vasodilation, changes in respiration, and piloerection are responses that have become part of many courtship and aggressive displays and are examples of

Behaviors that have become freed from the internal and external factors that originally caused them were described by Tinbergen (1952) as

We expect the coordination of mating activities to favor the production of signals that are

Huxley (1923) suggested that many signals get their start as part of another behavior or physiological response and called the process

Diversity in signal forms both between and within species can be produced by differences in characteristics of the

Herbert Terrace was highly critical of the ape/language work, concluding that the animals were simply imitating their trainers. Later work by others suggested that

Chimpanzees Washoe, Sarah, and Lana were all much more successful in their attempts at language learning than was chimpanzee Viki because their means of communication did NOT involve

Factors that favor an honest communicative signal are frequently associated with

Dawkins and Krebs (1978) suggested that animals communicate, not to convey information, but to produce or receive signals that ______ result in an increase in their own reproductive success.

Since carotenoids cannot be synthesized by vertebrates, if you are a female bird and have a choice between a brightly colored male and dull colored male, you are more likely to choose the brighter colored male because he is likely to be

Marc Hauser (1998) used habituation to determine how rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) classify food calls. He found that when they hear food calls they classify them

Introduction

Approaches to the Study of Animal Behavior

Genetic Analysis of Behavior

Natural Selection and Behavior

Learning and Cognition

Physiological Analysis-Nerve Cells and Behavior

Physiological Analysis of Behavior- the Endocrine System

The Development of Behavior

Biological Clocks

Mechanisms of Orientation and Behavior

The Ecology and Evolution of Spiral Distribution

Foraging Behavior

Antipredator Behavior

Reproductive Behavior

Parental Care and Mating Systems

Communications: Channels and Functions

Conflict

Group Living, Altruism, and Cooperation

Filters