Exam 19: Group Living, Altruism, and Cooperation

The metabolic rates of emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) in small groups are reduced by 39% compared to isolated birds; those of penguins in larger groups are reduced by another 21%. This is an example of a benefit of group living related to

The authors of your text quote Roger Fouts as having said, "One chimpanzee is no chimpanzee." Fouts was suggesting that

If kin are to be recognized when they encounter one another in different places, they cannot be relying on ______ to reliably discriminate one another.

Raouf and colleagues (2006) found that cliff swallow colony size is correlated with levels of glucocorticoid hormones. They further demonstrated that the stress being displayed was related to the presence of parasitic swallow bugs rather than a response to other aspects of group living, such as competition for food. They accomplished this by

Behaviors believed to be altruistic

The rule that predicts when an altruistic behavior will be performed includes the symbols, B, C, and r. In this context, the symbol B represents the

Females of a haplodiploid species share 75% of their DNA with their

The name most closely associated with changing our ideas regarding altruism is

For kin-biased behavior to occur, one must be able to distinguish kin from nonkin. Which of the following hypotheses has been proposed to explain how an animal might determine who its relatives are?

A way in which group living might increase foraging success is that communal roosts or colonies might

The use of a "recognition allele" to allow an individual to discriminate kin from nonkin differs from other proposed mechanisms primarily because it is proposed to be

The evidence that haplodiploidy makes the evolution of eusociality more likely

The "many eyes" hypothesis, the dilution effect, and the selfish herd are all ideas that make reference to the potential benefit that might accrue to an individual by living in a group regarding

Which of the following is a major cost of group living for many species?

Animals may delay dispersal and help their parents raise additional offspring because

One possible strategy in Prisoner's Dilemma that can result in an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) is one in which the individual begins by being cooperative and then

Which of the following would NOT be considered a benefit of group living?

In order to predict that a particular altruistic behavior will be directed to a half-sibling, theory suggests that the benefit to the receiver must exceed the cost to the actor by at least ____ times.

Which of the following is an accurate representation of the rule that has been proposed to predict when a gene for an altruistic behavior will spread in a population?

An individual animal that is following the rule, help those near home, may increase its inclusive fitness by directing altruistic behaviors toward other animals based on