Exam 9: Motivation

The three basic categories of needs identified by Alderfer in his ERG theory are ________.

Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory defines ________ as gaining knowledge by observing how others perform a task and then modeling one's own behavior in a similar manner.

Characteristics of a person's job is considered an ________.

According to Frederick Herzberg,________ are elements associated with conditions surrounding the job and are not directly related to the doing of a job.

Identify the three basic categories of variables that determine motivation in the work setting.

Within the context of the two-factor theory,what are "motivators" and "hygiene factors"?

To begin motivating an apathetic associate,a manager informally questions her about her satisfaction with her job's ability to provide safety,social interaction,self-respect,and opportunities for growth.What theory of motivation is this manager most likely trying to apply in working with the associate?

Self-efficacy is the tendency for one to take more credit for success than failure.

Goal-setting research suggests that people will exert higher levels of effort when goals are ________.

A manager wishes to improve the job performance of a group of clerical workers.Based on Herzberg's theory,________ would be an appropriate motivator.

A plant manager in a small factory wants to raise workforce morale.Upon inquiry,she finds out that the working conditions at the plant are safe,clean,and pleasant and that recent expansion of the workforce has assured employees of job security.Which of the following actions should the manager take to ensure that the "belongingness" needs in Maslow's hierarchy are satisfied?

________ is the set of forces that energize,direct,and sustain behavior.

McClelland's acquired needs theory asserts that managers who work with high-need achievers typically should ________.

According to the job characteristics model,________ is defined as the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives of other people.

Explain Maslow's need hierarchy.

A shift manager at a fast-food restaurant is using ________ when she fines a habitually tardy crew member the equivalent of one hour's pay each day he is late for work.

A potential hazard of the unintended use of extinction is that it can leave the interpretation of important situations in the hands of employees rather than under the control of the manager.

Vroom's expectancy theory focuses on the thought processes people use when they consider alternatives,particularly alternative courses of action.

Hackman and Oldham proposed that ________ is the degree to which a job requires the completion of a "whole" and identifiable piece of work.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,which of the following needs includes the need for the basic essentials of life,such as water,food,and shelter?