Exam 9: Motivation

In Maslow's need hierarchy,the ________ need relates to an individual's need to be personally fulfilled and to develop one's unique talents to their highest possible levels.

The job characteristics model developed by two organizational scientists,J.Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham,emphasizes core job characteristics,such as skill,variety,and task significance.

Positive reinforcements used to motivate people in organizational settings are said to be equitable if they have some capacity to affect future performance.

Vicarious learning involves gaining knowledge by observing how others successfully perform a task and then modeling one's own behavior in a similar manner.

________ is a theory that emphasizes the role of conscious aim and intentions in directing human actions.

Which of the following categories is included in the Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

The essence of Maslow's need hierarchy is that individuals take a "top down" approach to satisfying their needs.

According to the job characteristics model,________ is defined as the degree to which carrying out the work activities required by the job provides the individual with direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance.

Both positive reinforcements and extinctions maintain or increase particular types of behavior and performance.

Within the context of the job characteristics model,________ is involved when a machine designer knows that her schematics are correct as very few are rejected by the machine shop.

Angela is an HR manager at Hard Rock Cafe.She is responsible for recruiting employees and training them,organizing work space for new employees,overseeing employee relations counseling and exit interviews,developing and implementing HR policies and procedures,and reviewing annual performance.This is an example of ________ according to the job characteristics model.

According to expectancy theory,valence,outcome,and performance interact in a multiplicative way to determine ________.

The direction of a group's influence on the motivation of an individual in that group will likely depend on ________ of the group.

A sales representative is informed by his supervisor that if he exceeds his sales for the last quarter by 20 percent then some of his more difficult clients will be transferred to another sales representative.The supervisor strongly believes that the transfer will help him achieve past sales targets in the subsequent years.This is an example of ________.

The basic components of ________ are effort,performance,and outcomes.

A call center manager hopes to improve the performance of her staff by decreasing the average time spent on a call.First,she sets up a performance board where the average length of a call for the previous week is posted and compared to the average call length for the preceding four weeks.Then,she encourages the staff to reduce the average.According to goal-setting theory,how could she improve this scheme?

________ focus on the needs a person is trying to satisfy and the features of the work environment that seem to satisfy those needs.

Describe Marx's attitude toward job enrichment.

Which of the following is a content theory of motivation?

Walter works in the cutting department of a shoe manufacturing company.The workers in the department are required to cut out the skin of leather into pieces of various shapes using metal strip knives.This operation requires a high level of skill so as to avoid wastage of leather.Walter's working standards have reduced since the last 2 months.His supervisor approaches him to discuss his substandard performance.To avoid this confrontation again,Walter tries to achieve the required standards.Which of the following is most similar to the given scenario?