Question 1

Palpation of a normal prostate in an older adult is likely to feel:

Accepted Answer

A)  cool. 
B)  grainy. 
C)  polypoid. 
D)  rubbery. 
A)  cool. 
B)  grainy. 
C)  polypoid. 
D)  rubbery. D

Question 2

Which is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  High-fiber diet 
B)  Diet low in animal fats and proteins 
C)  Irish descent 
D)  Inherited BRAC2 mutation 
A)  High-fiber diet 
B)  Diet low in animal fats and proteins 
C)  Irish descent 
D)  Inherited BRAC2 mutation D

Question 3

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial because:

Accepted Answer

A)  there are many false-negative results. 
B)  PSA is produced by many other tissues. 
C)  it is less sensitive than digital rectal examination. 
D)  no data have proved that it decreases mortality. 
A)  there are many false-negative results. 
B)  PSA is produced by many other tissues. 
C)  it is less sensitive than digital rectal examination. 
D)  no data have proved that it decreases mortality. D

Question 4

The rectal past medical history of all patients should include inquiry about:

Accepted Answer

A)  bowel habits. 
B)  dietary habits. 
C)  hemorrhoid surgery. 
D)  laxative use. 
A)  bowel habits. 
B)  dietary habits. 
C)  hemorrhoid surgery. 
D)  laxative use.

Question 5

The cervix may be palpated through the:

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior rectal wall. 
B)  internal umbilical wall. 
C)  lateral urethral meatus. 
D)  posterior uterine surface. 
A)  anterior rectal wall. 
B)  internal umbilical wall. 
C)  lateral urethral meatus. 
D)  posterior uterine surface.

Question 6

Nodules found in the peritoneum through the anterior rectal wall:

Accepted Answer

A)  are found with bidigital palpation. 
B)  are called shelf lesions. 
C)  are chronic fibrosis. 
D)  are found by having the patient bear down. 
A)  are found with bidigital palpation. 
B)  are called shelf lesions. 
C)  are chronic fibrosis. 
D)  are found by having the patient bear down.

Question 7

The posterior surface of the prostate can be located by palpation of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  anal canal and perineum. 
B)  anterior wall of the rectum. 
C)  lateral wall of the anus. 
D)  lower abdomen and perineum. 
A)  anal canal and perineum. 
B)  anterior wall of the rectum. 
C)  lateral wall of the anus. 
D)  lower abdomen and perineum.

Question 8

Perianal abscesses, fissures, or pilonidal cysts will cause the patient to experience:

Accepted Answer

A)  bulging and wrinkling. 
B)  constipation and pallor. 
C)  diarrhea and redness. 
D)  tenderness and inflammation. 
A)  bulging and wrinkling. 
B)  constipation and pallor. 
C)  diarrhea and redness. 
D)  tenderness and inflammation.

Question 9

The prostatic sulcus:

Accepted Answer

A)  divides the right and left lateral lobes. 
B)  is the site of the seminal vesicle emergence. 
C)  refers to the anterior aspect of the prostate. 
D)  secretes clear viscous mucus. 
A)  divides the right and left lateral lobes. 
B)  is the site of the seminal vesicle emergence. 
C)  refers to the anterior aspect of the prostate. 
D)  secretes clear viscous mucus.

Question 10

In males, which surface of the prostate gland is accessible by digital examination?

Accepted Answer

A)  Median lobe 
B)  Posterior 
C)  Superior 
D)  Anterior 
A)  Median lobe 
B)  Posterior 
C)  Superior 
D)  Anterior

Question 11

Baby Sue is born with an imperforate anus. However, her outward anal appearance is normal. Which sign would indicate to the healthcare provider that she has a closed anal passageway?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development of a scaphoid abdomen 
B)  Vomiting after her first feeding 
C)  Bleeding from the rectum 
D)  Failure to pass meconium stool 
A)  Development of a scaphoid abdomen 
B)  Vomiting after her first feeding 
C)  Bleeding from the rectum 
D)  Failure to pass meconium stool

Question 12

Very light tan or gray stools may indicate:

Accepted Answer

A)  upper gastrointestinal bleeding. 
B)  obstructive jaundice. 
C)  lower gastrointestinal bleeding. 
D)  polyposis. 
A)  upper gastrointestinal bleeding. 
B)  obstructive jaundice. 
C)  lower gastrointestinal bleeding. 
D)  polyposis.

Question 13

Mr. Dunn is a 62-year-old man who has presented for a routine annual examination. On examination of the prostate you note a hard, irregular, painless nodule and obliteration of the median sulcus. These are signs of:

Accepted Answer

A)  benign prostatic hypertrophy. 
B)  cancer of the prostate. 
C)  long-standing prostatitis. 
D)  swelling as a result of aging. 
A)  benign prostatic hypertrophy. 
B)  cancer of the prostate. 
C)  long-standing prostatitis. 
D)  swelling as a result of aging.

Question 14

Pinworms and Candida may both cause:

Accepted Answer

A)  constipation. 
B)  hemorrhoids. 
C)  perirectal irritation. 
D)  perirectal protrusion. 
A)  constipation. 
B)  hemorrhoids. 
C)  perirectal irritation. 
D)  perirectal protrusion.

Question 15

Equipment for examination of the anus, rectum, and prostate routinely includes gloves and:

Accepted Answer

A)  a hand mirror and gauze. 
B)  a lubricant and penlight. 
C)  slides and normal saline. 
D)  swabs and culture medium. 
A)  a hand mirror and gauze. 
B)  a lubricant and penlight. 
C)  slides and normal saline. 
D)  swabs and culture medium.

Question 16

Mr. Sweeney is a 58-year-old man who has presented for a routine annual prostate examination. On examination, you note a normal prostate gland. Which of the following characteristics should describe the normal prostate? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Rubbery consistency 
B)  About 4 cm in diameter 
C)  Fluctuant softness 
D)  Gland protruding 1 cm into the rectum 
E)  Firm, smooth, and slightly movable 
A)  Rubbery consistency 
B)  About 4 cm in diameter 
C)  Fluctuant softness 
D)  Gland protruding 1 cm into the rectum 
E)  Firm, smooth, and slightly movable

Question 17

The mother brings her 4-year-old to the clinic because the child complains of perianal itching. As part of your examination you complete a cellulose tape test. The cellulose tape test is used for the detection of:

Accepted Answer

A)  enterobiasis. 
B)  carcinoma. 
C)  amebiasis. 
D)  steatorrhea. 
A)  enterobiasis. 
B)  carcinoma. 
C)  amebiasis. 
D)  steatorrhea.

Question 18

Which finding in an infant may indicate lower spinal deformities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Perirectal redness 
B)  Shrunken buttocks 
C)  Rectal prolapse 
D)  Dimpling in the pilonidal area 
A)  Perirectal redness 
B)  Shrunken buttocks 
C)  Rectal prolapse 
D)  Dimpling in the pilonidal area

Question 19

Factors associated with increased risk of prostate cancer include:

Accepted Answer

A)  African descent. 
B)  cigarette smoking. 
C)  a low-fat diet. 
D)  alcoholism. 
A)  African descent. 
B)  cigarette smoking. 
C)  a low-fat diet. 
D)  alcoholism.

Question 20

Palpation of the anal ring is done by:

Accepted Answer

A)  bidigital palpation with the thumbs. 
B)  inserting the smallest finger into the anus. 
C)  pressing a gauze pad over the anus. 
D)  rotation of the forefinger inside the anus. 
A)  bidigital palpation with the thumbs. 
B)  inserting the smallest finger into the anus. 
C)  pressing a gauze pad over the anus. 
D)  rotation of the forefinger inside the anus.

Exam 21: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate

Palpation of a normal prostate in an older adult is likely to feel:

Which is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial because:

The rectal past medical history of all patients should include inquiry about:

The cervix may be palpated through the:

Nodules found in the peritoneum through the anterior rectal wall:

The posterior surface of the prostate can be located by palpation of the:

Perianal abscesses, fissures, or pilonidal cysts will cause the patient to experience:

The prostatic sulcus:

In males, which surface of the prostate gland is accessible by digital examination?

Baby Sue is born with an imperforate anus. However, her outward anal appearance is normal. Which sign would indicate to the healthcare provider that she has a closed anal passageway?

Very light tan or gray stools may indicate:

Mr. Dunn is a 62-year-old man who has presented for a routine annual examination. On examination of the prostate you note a hard, irregular, painless nodule and obliteration of the median sulcus. These are signs of:

Pinworms and Candida may both cause:

Equipment for examination of the anus, rectum, and prostate routinely includes gloves and:

Mr. Sweeney is a 58-year-old man who has presented for a routine annual prostate examination. On examination, you note a normal prostate gland. Which of the following characteristics should describe the normal prostate? (Select all that apply.)

The mother brings her 4-year-old to the clinic because the child complains of perianal itching. As part of your examination you complete a cellulose tape test. The cellulose tape test is used for the detection of:

Which finding in an infant may indicate lower spinal deformities?

Factors associated with increased risk of prostate cancer include:

Palpation of the anal ring is done by:

The History and Interviewing Process

Cultural Competency

Examination Techniques and Equipment

Clinical Reasoning

Documentation

Vital Signs and Pain Assessment

Mental Status

Growth, Measurement, and Nutrition

Skin, Hair, and Nails

Lymphatic System

Head and Neck

Eyes

Ears, Nose, and Throat

Chest and Lungs

Heart

Blood Vessels

Breasts and Axillae

Abdomen

Female Genitalia

Male Genitalia

Musculoskeletal System

Neurologic System

Sports Participation Evaluation

Putting it All Together

Emergency or Life-Threatening Situations

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