Question 1

Positive outcomes depend on the:

Accepted Answer

A)  number of laboratory tests ordered. 
B)  quality of decisions made. 
C)  use of pharmacologic modalities. 
D)  time saved by the use of ancillary personnel. 
A)  number of laboratory tests ordered. 
B)  quality of decisions made. 
C)  use of pharmacologic modalities. 
D)  time saved by the use of ancillary personnel. B

Question 2

After the subjective and objective data have been prioritized, the next step is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  order laboratory tests. 
B)  formulate a problem list. 
C)  initiate appropriate referrals. 
D)  initiate therapy. 
A)  order laboratory tests. 
B)  formulate a problem list. 
C)  initiate appropriate referrals. 
D)  initiate therapy. B

Question 3

When utilizing a joint approach with the patient, which factors are likely to be considered? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Consultations 
B)  Laboratory studies 
C)  Assistive technology 
D)  Patient education 
E)  Practitioner background 
A)  Consultations 
B)  Laboratory studies 
C)  Assistive technology 
D)  Patient education 
E)  Practitioner background A, B, C

Question 4

Utilitarianism can be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  balancing interests. 
B)  preventing harm. 
C)  choosing wisely. 
D)  doing good. 
A)  balancing interests. 
B)  preventing harm. 
C)  choosing wisely. 
D)  doing good.

Question 5

A specific test is one that has the ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)  correctly identify those who have the disease. 
B)  correctly identify those who do not have the disease. 
C)  be exclusively used to make a diagnosis. 
D)  exclude competing explanations for another test finding. 
A)  correctly identify those who have the disease. 
B)  correctly identify those who do not have the disease. 
C)  be exclusively used to make a diagnosis. 
D)  exclude competing explanations for another test finding.

Question 6

Mr. Johnson actually has streptococcal pharyngitis; however, the throat culture is initially read as negative. This situation describes a test with a:

Accepted Answer

A)  low sensitivity. 
B)  high sensitivity. 
C)  high specificity. 
D)  low specificity. 
A)  low sensitivity. 
B)  high sensitivity. 
C)  high specificity. 
D)  low specificity.

Question 7

Self-analysis assists providers in giving proper context to:

Accepted Answer

A)  history and physical findings. 
B)  therapeutic options. 
C)  attitudes, values, and feelings. 
D)  differential diagnoses. 
A)  history and physical findings. 
B)  therapeutic options. 
C)  attitudes, values, and feelings. 
D)  differential diagnoses.

Question 8

The adage that "common problems occur commonly" advises the practitioner to:

Accepted Answer

A)  always diagnose the patient's problem in terms of what their practice usually sees. 
B)  refer any uncommon complaints to specialists as soon as possible. 
C)  not consider more than one diagnosis unless necessary. 
D)  examine uncommon problems critically before assuming that the issue is an unusual presentation of a common problem. 
A)  always diagnose the patient's problem in terms of what their practice usually sees. 
B)  refer any uncommon complaints to specialists as soon as possible. 
C)  not consider more than one diagnosis unless necessary. 
D)  examine uncommon problems critically before assuming that the issue is an unusual presentation of a common problem.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a component of a management plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Presumptive diagnosis 
B)  Patient education 
C)  Diet modification 
D)  Physical therapy 
A)  Presumptive diagnosis 
B)  Patient education 
C)  Diet modification 
D)  Physical therapy

Question 10

The most important guide to sequencing actions should be:

Accepted Answer

A)  probability and utility. 
B)  assumption and intuition. 
C)  costs and risks of procedures. 
D)  reimbursement potential and patient acceptance. 
A)  probability and utility. 
B)  assumption and intuition. 
C)  costs and risks of procedures. 
D)  reimbursement potential and patient acceptance.

Question 11

Medical decision making requires a balance between:

Accepted Answer

A)  trust and suspicion. 
B)  ethical and unethical behavior. 
C)  remembering and superstition. 
D)  mechanism and probabilism. 
A)  trust and suspicion. 
B)  ethical and unethical behavior. 
C)  remembering and superstition. 
D)  mechanism and probabilism.

Question 12

A valid history and physical examination can serve to:

Accepted Answer

A)  create higher healthcare costs. 
B)  limit the indiscriminate use of diagnostics. 
C)  threaten patient satisfaction. 
D)  increase the risk of liability. 
A)  create higher healthcare costs. 
B)  limit the indiscriminate use of diagnostics. 
C)  threaten patient satisfaction. 
D)  increase the risk of liability.

Question 13

When determining actions for the management plan, the practitioner should first address:

Accepted Answer

A)  problems in the order of their chronologic development. 
B)  the patient's concern about a particular problem. 
C)  the patient's social and economic circumstances. 
D)  the most urgent problem. 
A)  problems in the order of their chronologic development. 
B)  the patient's concern about a particular problem. 
C)  the patient's social and economic circumstances. 
D)  the most urgent problem.

Question 14

New findings of unknown causes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  problems to be noted on the problem list. 
B)  deferred for subsequent visits. 
C)  diagnosed before physical examination. 
D)  reserved for specialists. 
A)  problems to be noted on the problem list. 
B)  deferred for subsequent visits. 
C)  diagnosed before physical examination. 
D)  reserved for specialists.

Question 15

Which is an accepted method of making a diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Relying on intuition 
B)  Making maximal use of laboratory tests 
C)  Using first assumptions 
D)  Using algorithms 
A)  Relying on intuition 
B)  Making maximal use of laboratory tests 
C)  Using first assumptions 
D)  Using algorithms

Exam 4: Clinical Reasoning

Positive outcomes depend on the:

After the subjective and objective data have been prioritized, the next step is to:

When utilizing a joint approach with the patient, which factors are likely to be considered? (Select all that apply.)

Utilitarianism can be described as:

A specific test is one that has the ability to:

Mr. Johnson actually has streptococcal pharyngitis; however, the throat culture is initially read as negative. This situation describes a test with a:

Self-analysis assists providers in giving proper context to:

The adage that "common problems occur commonly" advises the practitioner to:

Which of the following is not a component of a management plan?

The most important guide to sequencing actions should be:

Medical decision making requires a balance between:

A valid history and physical examination can serve to:

When determining actions for the management plan, the practitioner should first address:

New findings of unknown causes are:

Which is an accepted method of making a diagnosis?

The History and Interviewing Process

Cultural Competency

Examination Techniques and Equipment

Documentation

Vital Signs and Pain Assessment

Mental Status

Growth, Measurement, and Nutrition

Skin, Hair, and Nails

Lymphatic System

Head and Neck

Eyes

Ears, Nose, and Throat

Chest and Lungs

Heart

Blood Vessels

Breasts and Axillae

Abdomen

Female Genitalia

Male Genitalia

Anus, Rectum, and Prostate

Musculoskeletal System

Neurologic System

Sports Participation Evaluation

Putting it All Together

Emergency or Life-Threatening Situations

Filters