Question 1

Vascular changes expected in the older adult include:

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of vessel elasticity. 
B)  decreased peripheral resistance. 
C)  decreased pulse pressure. 
D)  constriction of the aorta and major bronchi. 
A)  loss of vessel elasticity. 
B)  decreased peripheral resistance. 
C)  decreased pulse pressure. 
D)  constriction of the aorta and major bronchi. A

Question 2

When palpating the carotid artery, which of the following is most important? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotate the patient's head to the side being examined to relax the sternocleidomastoid. 
B)  Excessive carotid sinus massage can compromise blood flow to the brain. 
C)  Excessive carotid sinus massage can cause slowing of the pulse. 
D)  Palpate both sides simultaneously. 
A)  Rotate the patient's head to the side being examined to relax the sternocleidomastoid. 
B)  Excessive carotid sinus massage can compromise blood flow to the brain. 
C)  Excessive carotid sinus massage can cause slowing of the pulse. 
D)  Palpate both sides simultaneously. A, B, C

Question 3

In infants or small children, a capillary refill time of 4 seconds:

Accepted Answer

A)  is normal. 
B)  indicates hypervolemia. 
C)  indicates dehydration or hypovolemic shock. 
D)  indicates renal artery stenosis. 
A)  is normal. 
B)  indicates hypervolemia. 
C)  indicates dehydration or hypovolemic shock. 
D)  indicates renal artery stenosis. C

Question 4

You are examining Mr. S, a 79-year-old diabetic man complaining of claudication. Which of the following physical findings is consistent with the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thick, calloused skin 
B)  Ruddy, thin skin 
C)  Warmer temperature of extremity in contrast to other body parts 
D)  Loss of hair over the extremities 
A)  Thick, calloused skin 
B)  Ruddy, thin skin 
C)  Warmer temperature of extremity in contrast to other body parts 
D)  Loss of hair over the extremities

Question 5

To assess a patient's jugular veins, the patient should first be placed in which position?

Accepted Answer

A)  Supine 
B)  Semi-Fowler 
C)  Upright 
D)  Left lateral recumbent 
A)  Supine 
B)  Semi-Fowler 
C)  Upright 
D)  Left lateral recumbent

Question 6

A bounding pulse in an infant may be associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  patent ductus arteriosus. 
B)  coarctation of the aorta. 
C)  decreased cardiac output. 
D)  peripheral vaso-occlusion. 
A)  patent ductus arteriosus. 
B)  coarctation of the aorta. 
C)  decreased cardiac output. 
D)  peripheral vaso-occlusion.

Question 7

You are palpating bilateral pedal pulses and cannot feel one of the pulses. The feet are equally warm. You find that both great toes are pink, with a capillary refill within 2 seconds. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immediate emergency surgery is indicated. 
B)  Pedal pulses are not always palpable. 
C)  Unilateral pulses are never normal. 
D)  Venogram studies will be needed. 
A)  Immediate emergency surgery is indicated. 
B)  Pedal pulses are not always palpable. 
C)  Unilateral pulses are never normal. 
D)  Venogram studies will be needed.

Question 8

A venous hum heard over the internal jugular vein of a child:

Accepted Answer

A)  usually signifies untreatable illness. 
B)  usually has no pathologic significance. 
C)  usually requires surgical intervention. 
D)  must be monitored until the child is grown. 
A)  usually signifies untreatable illness. 
B)  usually has no pathologic significance. 
C)  usually requires surgical intervention. 
D)  must be monitored until the child is grown.

Question 9

Observation of hand veins can facilitate the assessment of:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitral valve competency. 
B)  a heart murmur. 
C)  right heart pressure. 
D)  left heart pressure. 
A)  mitral valve competency. 
B)  a heart murmur. 
C)  right heart pressure. 
D)  left heart pressure.

Question 10

When examining arterial pulses the thumb may be used:

Accepted Answer

A)  especially if vessels have a tendency to move. 
B)  never for palpating pulses. 
C)  checking the jugular venous pressure. 
D)  during the Allen test. 
A)  especially if vessels have a tendency to move. 
B)  never for palpating pulses. 
C)  checking the jugular venous pressure. 
D)  during the Allen test.

Question 11

The most prominent component of the jugular venous pulse is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  a wave. 
B)  c wave. 
C)  v wave. 
D)  x slope. 
A)  a wave. 
B)  c wave. 
C)  v wave. 
D)  x slope.

Question 12

Which are risk factors for varicose veins? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Gender 
B)  Alcohol use 
C)  Lower extremity trauma 
D)  Increased body mass 
E)  Hypertension
F) Diabetes 
A)  Gender 
B)  Alcohol use 
C)  Lower extremity trauma 
D)  Increased body mass 
E)  Hypertension
F) Diabetes

Question 13

You are performing a physical examination on a 46-year-old male patient. His examination findings include the following: positive peripheral edema, holosystolic murmur in the tricuspid region, and a pulsatile liver. His diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an aortic aneurysm. 
B)  an arteriovenous fistula. 
C)  tricuspid stenosis. 
D)  tricuspid regurgitation. 
A)  an aortic aneurysm. 
B)  an arteriovenous fistula. 
C)  tricuspid stenosis. 
D)  tricuspid regurgitation.

Question 14

A characteristic distinguishing primary Raynaud phenomenon from secondary Raynaud phenomenon includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasospasm 
B)  Digital ischemia with pain 
C)  Triphasic demarcated skin 
D)  Cold and achy improving with warming 
A)  Vasospasm 
B)  Digital ischemia with pain 
C)  Triphasic demarcated skin 
D)  Cold and achy improving with warming

Question 15

During a routine prenatal visit, Ms. T was noted as having dependent edema, varicosities of the legs, and hemorrhoids. She expressed concern about these symptoms. You explain to Ms. T that her enlarged uterus is compressing her pelvic veins and her inferior vena cava. You would further explain that these findings:

Accepted Answer

A)  are usual conditions during pregnancy. 
B)  indicate a need for hospitalization. 
C)  indicate the need for amniocentesis. 
D)  suggest that she is having twins. 
A)  are usual conditions during pregnancy. 
B)  indicate a need for hospitalization. 
C)  indicate the need for amniocentesis. 
D)  suggest that she is having twins.

Question 16

You are assessing Mr. Z's fluid volume status as a result of heart failure. If your finger depresses a patient's edematous ankle to a depth of 6 mm, you should record this pitting as:

Accepted Answer

A)  1+. 
B)  2+. 
C)  3+. 
D)  4+. 
A)  1+. 
B)  2+. 
C)  3+. 
D)  4+.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true regarding the development of venous ulcers in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  The major symptom is severe leg pain, especially when walking. 
B)  The affected leg is commonly pale and hairless, and pulses are difficult to palpate. 
C)  Diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and nutritional deficiencies are causative factors. 
D)  The ulcers are generally located on the tips of toes. 
A)  The major symptom is severe leg pain, especially when walking. 
B)  The affected leg is commonly pale and hairless, and pulses are difficult to palpate. 
C)  Diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and nutritional deficiencies are causative factors. 
D)  The ulcers are generally located on the tips of toes.

Question 18

In children, coarctation of the aorta should be suspected if you detect:

Accepted Answer

A)  a delay between the radial and femoral pulses. 
B)  a simultaneous radial and femoral pulse. 
C)  an absent femoral pulse on the left. 
D)  bilateral absence of femoral pulses. 
A)  a delay between the radial and femoral pulses. 
B)  a simultaneous radial and femoral pulse. 
C)  an absent femoral pulse on the left. 
D)  bilateral absence of femoral pulses.

Question 19

Induration, edema, and hyperpigmentation are common associated findings with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral arterial disease 
B)  Venous ulcer 
C)  Arterial embolic disease 
D)  Venous thrombus 
A)  Peripheral arterial disease 
B)  Venous ulcer 
C)  Arterial embolic disease 
D)  Venous thrombus

Exam 16: Blood Vessels

Vascular changes expected in the older adult include:

When palpating the carotid artery, which of the following is most important? (Select all that apply.)

In infants or small children, a capillary refill time of 4 seconds:

You are examining Mr. S, a 79-year-old diabetic man complaining of claudication. Which of the following physical findings is consistent with the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease?

To assess a patient's jugular veins, the patient should first be placed in which position?

A bounding pulse in an infant may be associated with:

You are palpating bilateral pedal pulses and cannot feel one of the pulses. The feet are equally warm. You find that both great toes are pink, with a capillary refill within 2 seconds. Which of the following statements is correct?

A venous hum heard over the internal jugular vein of a child:

Observation of hand veins can facilitate the assessment of:

When examining arterial pulses the thumb may be used:

The most prominent component of the jugular venous pulse is the:

Which are risk factors for varicose veins? (Select all that apply.)

You are performing a physical examination on a 46-year-old male patient. His examination findings include the following: positive peripheral edema, holosystolic murmur in the tricuspid region, and a pulsatile liver. His diagnosis is:

A characteristic distinguishing primary Raynaud phenomenon from secondary Raynaud phenomenon includes which of the following?

You are assessing Mr. Z's fluid volume status as a result of heart failure. If your finger depresses a patient's edematous ankle to a depth of 6 mm, you should record this pitting as:

Which of the following statements is true regarding the development of venous ulcers in older adults?

In children, coarctation of the aorta should be suspected if you detect:

Induration, edema, and hyperpigmentation are common associated findings with which of the following?

The History and Interviewing Process

Cultural Competency

Examination Techniques and Equipment

Clinical Reasoning

Documentation

Vital Signs and Pain Assessment

Mental Status

Growth, Measurement, and Nutrition

Skin, Hair, and Nails

Lymphatic System

Head and Neck

Eyes

Ears, Nose, and Throat

Chest and Lungs

Heart

Breasts and Axillae

Abdomen

Female Genitalia

Male Genitalia

Anus, Rectum, and Prostate

Musculoskeletal System

Neurologic System

Sports Participation Evaluation

Putting it All Together

Emergency or Life-Threatening Situations

Filters