Question 1

Which of the following describes the hypothalamic hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  They act as inhibitor of selected enzyme reactions. 
B)  They act indirectly on endocrine glands. 
C)  They act as releasing hormones on the pituitary. 
D)  They are all glycoproteins. 
A)  They act as inhibitor of selected enzyme reactions. 
B)  They act indirectly on endocrine glands. 
C)  They act as releasing hormones on the pituitary. 
D)  They are all glycoproteins. C

Question 2

Which of the following is the principle method used to measure hormone levels in blood in many clinical laboratories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gas chromatography 
B)  Thin layer chromatography 
C)  Electrophoresis 
D)  Immunoassays 
A)  Gas chromatography 
B)  Thin layer chromatography 
C)  Electrophoresis 
D)  Immunoassays D

Question 3

Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies are most sensitive for detecting which thyroid disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothyroidism 
B)  Autoimmune thyroid disease (e.g., Hashimoto's thyroiditis) 
C)  Thyroid adenoma 
D)  Thyroid carcinoma 
A)  Hypothyroidism 
B)  Autoimmune thyroid disease (e.g., Hashimoto's thyroiditis) 
C)  Thyroid adenoma 
D)  Thyroid carcinoma B

Question 4

Pituitary gigantism is associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth (GH) deficiency 
B)  Growth (GH) excess 
C)  Hypercorticolism 
D)  Hypeprolactinemia 
A)  Growth (GH) deficiency 
B)  Growth (GH) excess 
C)  Hypercorticolism 
D)  Hypeprolactinemia

Question 5

A patient with Addison's disease would present with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  High blood sodium, low blood potassium levels 
B)  Low blood sodium, high blood potassium levels 
C)  Normal blood sodium, low blood potassium levels 
D)  Low blood sodium, low blood potassium levels 
A)  High blood sodium, low blood potassium levels 
B)  Low blood sodium, high blood potassium levels 
C)  Normal blood sodium, low blood potassium levels 
D)  Low blood sodium, low blood potassium levels

Question 6

Pituitary secretion of ACTH is inhibited by elevated levels of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Aldosterone. 
B)  Cortisol. 
C)  Estradiol. 
D)  Progesterone. 
A)  Aldosterone. 
B)  Cortisol. 
C)  Estradiol. 
D)  Progesterone.

Question 7

Which of the following is a metabolite of catecholamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monoiodothyronine 
B)  Estradiol 17-beta 
C)  Homogentisic acid (HG
A)  
D)  Vanillylmandelic acid (VM
A)  
A)  Monoiodothyronine 
B)  Estradiol 17-beta 
C)  Homogentisic acid (HG
A)  
D)  Vanillylmandelic acid (VM
A)

Question 8

Free thyroxine assays measure which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Total thyroxine levels 
B)  Only the bound thyroxine level 
C)  Only the unbound thyroxine level 
D)  The sum of the bound and unbound thyroxine 
A)  Total thyroxine levels 
B)  Only the bound thyroxine level 
C)  Only the unbound thyroxine level 
D)  The sum of the bound and unbound thyroxine

Question 9

Which of the following classes of compounds are derived from tyrosine and includes epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Steroids 
B)  Androgens 
C)  Catecholamines 
D)  Estrogens 
A)  Steroids 
B)  Androgens 
C)  Catecholamines 
D)  Estrogens

Question 10

Which metabolite is most often increased in carcinoid tumors?

Accepted Answer

A)  5-Hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIA
A)  
B)  3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Homovanillic acid 
A)  5-Hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIA
A)  
B)  3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Homovanillic acid

Question 11

Which hormone is produced by the placenta?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epinephrine 
B)  Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
C)  Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Oxytocin 
A)  Epinephrine 
B)  Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
C)  Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Oxytocin

Question 12

Unconjugated estriol (uE3) is clinically useful for identifying which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fetal anencephaly 
B)  A fetus with Down syndrome 
C)  Molar pregnancy 
D)  Fetal death 
A)  Fetal anencephaly 
B)  A fetus with Down syndrome 
C)  Molar pregnancy 
D)  Fetal death

Question 13

Tetraiodothyronine describes which of the following compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  T4 (thyroxine) 
B)  T3 
C)  MIT 
D)  Reverse T3 
A)  T4 (thyroxine) 
B)  T3 
C)  MIT 
D)  Reverse T3

Question 14

Diabetes insipidus is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated blood levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B)  Loss of thirst sensation. 
C)  No urine production (anuria). 
D)  Copious production of urine (polyuria). 
A)  Elevated blood levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B)  Loss of thirst sensation. 
C)  No urine production (anuria). 
D)  Copious production of urine (polyuria).

Question 15

In a patient with suspected primary hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease), one would expect the following laboratory serum results: total T4 ________ FT4 ________, and TSH ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased, decreased, increased 
B)  Increased, decreased, decreased 
C)  Increased, increased, decreased 
D)  Decreased, decreased, increased 
A)  Increased, decreased, increased 
B)  Increased, decreased, decreased 
C)  Increased, increased, decreased 
D)  Decreased, decreased, increased

Question 16

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excess secretion of pituitary ACTH 
B)  Adrenal insufficiency 
C)  ACTH independent 
D)  ACTH dependent 
A)  Excess secretion of pituitary ACTH 
B)  Adrenal insufficiency 
C)  ACTH independent 
D)  ACTH dependent

Question 17

3, 5, 3'-triodothyronine is characterized as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The least potent thyroid hormone 
B)  The most potent thyroid hormone 
C)  Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to low blood levels of TSH 
D)  Used to make both T3 and T4 hormones 
A)  The least potent thyroid hormone 
B)  The most potent thyroid hormone 
C)  Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to low blood levels of TSH 
D)  Used to make both T3 and T4 hormones

Question 18

The goal of early detection and treatment of neonatal hypothyroidism is to eliminate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carcinoid tumors 
B)  Possibility of developing acromegaly 
C)  Severe mental retardation associated with thyroid hormone deficiency in early infancy 
D)  Development of an enlarged heart 
A)  Carcinoid tumors 
B)  Possibility of developing acromegaly 
C)  Severe mental retardation associated with thyroid hormone deficiency in early infancy 
D)  Development of an enlarged heart

Question 19

Which of the following hormones is useful in identifying women with ectopic pregnancies or abnormal intrauterine pregnancies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human pituitary gonadotropin 
B)  Human chorionic gonadotropin 
C)  Human luteinizing hormone 
D)  Human progesterone 
A)  Human pituitary gonadotropin 
B)  Human chorionic gonadotropin 
C)  Human luteinizing hormone 
D)  Human progesterone

Question 20

The designation of "high sensitivity" for select quantitative serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) tests indicates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The test exhibits very high level of analytical sensitivity. 
B)  The test exhibits low analytical sensitivity. 
C)  The analytical specificity is extremely high. 
D)  The linearity has a high upper limit level. 
A)  The test exhibits very high level of analytical sensitivity. 
B)  The test exhibits low analytical sensitivity. 
C)  The analytical specificity is extremely high. 
D)  The linearity has a high upper limit level.

Exam 15: The Endocrine System

Which of the following describes the hypothalamic hormones?

Which of the following is the principle method used to measure hormone levels in blood in many clinical laboratories?

Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies are most sensitive for detecting which thyroid disorder?

Pituitary gigantism is associated with which of the following?

A patient with Addison's disease would present with which of the following?

Pituitary secretion of ACTH is inhibited by elevated levels of:

Which of the following is a metabolite of catecholamine?

Free thyroxine assays measure which of the following?

Which of the following classes of compounds are derived from tyrosine and includes epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine?

Which metabolite is most often increased in carcinoid tumors?

Which hormone is produced by the placenta?

Unconjugated estriol (uE3) is clinically useful for identifying which of the following?

Tetraiodothyronine describes which of the following compounds?

Diabetes insipidus is characterized by:

In a patient with suspected primary hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease), one would expect the following laboratory serum results: total T4 ________ FT4 ________, and TSH ________.

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by which of the following?

3, 5, 3'-triodothyronine is characterized as which of the following?

The goal of early detection and treatment of neonatal hypothyroidism is to eliminate?

Which of the following hormones is useful in identifying women with ectopic pregnancies or abnormal intrauterine pregnancies?

The designation of "high sensitivity" for select quantitative serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) tests indicates which of the following?

Laboratory Basics

Safety in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory

Laboratory Statistics, Method Development and QC

Instrumentation, Laboratory Automation, and Informatics

Immunoassays

Molecular Diagnostics

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Nonprotein Nitrogen Questions

Body Water and Electrolyte Homeostasis

Blood Gases, PH, and Acid-Base Balance

Mineral and Bone Metabolism

Gastrointestinal Function

Pancreas

Cardiac Function

Liver

Iron, Porphyrins, and Hemoglobin

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Toxic Substances

Nutrition and Vitamins

Tumor Markers

Geriatrics

Pediatrics

Filters

Unconjugated estriol (uE₃) is clinically useful for identifying which of the following?

In a patient with suspected primary hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease), one would expect the following laboratory serum results: total T₄ FT₄ , and TSH .