Question 1

Why is glycemic load a more accurate representation of the impact of a particular food on blood sugar response than glycemic index?

Accepted Answer

Glycemic load accounts for portion size while glycemic index solely measures the impact of a food on blood sugar levels compared with a reference amount of 50 g of carbohydrates. Foods can have a high glycemic index but a small typical portion size and therefore a low glycemic load. In addition, very few foods are composed solely of carbohydrates. The fat, protein, and fiber in a food also lowers the glycemic load.

Question 2

Which of the following statements describes what happens after digested sugars are delivered to the liver through the portal system? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose and galactose are converted to glucose. 
B)  Glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the pancreas for later use. 
C)  Glucose enters the bloodstream based on body needs. 
D)  Glucose is converted to fat based on body needs. 
A)  Fructose and galactose are converted to glucose. 
B)  Glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the pancreas for later use. 
C)  Glucose enters the bloodstream based on body needs. 
D)  Glucose is converted to fat based on body needs. A, C, D

Question 3

What organ produces the enzymes responsible for maintaining blood sugar levels within normal limits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreas 
B)  Liver 
C)  Gallbladder 
D)  Small intestine 
A)  Pancreas 
B)  Liver 
C)  Gallbladder 
D)  Small intestine A

Question 4

Which type of monosaccharide do body cells use for energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Galactose 
D)  Lactose 
A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Galactose 
D)  Lactose

Question 5

The average American consumes and exceeds the daily recommendations for fiber intake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which type of carbohydrate is structurally composed of a chain of three to ten simple sugars?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amylose 
B)  Galactose 
C)  Amylopectin 
D)  Oligosaccharide 
A)  Amylose 
B)  Galactose 
C)  Amylopectin 
D)  Oligosaccharide

Question 7

What is the best way for an athlete to spare protein and avoid gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limit glycogen stores. 
B)  Consume only water during training sessions in excess of 45 min in duration. 
C)  Consume high amounts of fiber on training days. 
D)  Consume adequate carbohydrates to fuel performance. 
A)  Limit glycogen stores. 
B)  Consume only water during training sessions in excess of 45 min in duration. 
C)  Consume high amounts of fiber on training days. 
D)  Consume adequate carbohydrates to fuel performance.

Question 8

Approximately how many grams of glycogen can the body store for energy use?

Accepted Answer

A)  90 g 
B)  150 g 
C)  240 g 
D)  500 g 
A)  90 g 
B)  150 g 
C)  240 g 
D)  500 g

Question 9

Place the steps of carbohydrate digestion in order. (1 to 10)
_____ 1. Enzyme action is inhibited due to acidic environment, and bolus is converted to chyme.
_____ 2. Chyme passes into the duodenum, and pancreatic enzymes help to break glycosidic bonds.
_____ 3. Salivary amylase begins to break polysaccharides into oligosaccharides and disaccharides.
_____ 4. Bolus moves into the stomach.
_____ 5. Brush border enzymes break carbohydrates into monosaccharides, and absorption occurs into the microvilli.
_____ 6. Undigested carbohydrates move into the large intestine.
_____ 7. Chyme passes into the jejunum and ileum.
_____ 8. Some fiber is partially digested by bacteria through fermentation, and the remaining fiber is excreted.
_____ 9. Monosaccharides absorbed into the bloodstream pass through portal circulation for distribution or storage.
_____ 10. Bolus passes through the esophagus.

Accepted Answer

3, 10, 4,

Question 10

In what form does the body store carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycogen 
B)  Fat 
C)  Cellulite 
D)  Amylopectin 
A)  Glycogen 
B)  Fat 
C)  Cellulite 
D)  Amylopectin

Question 11

What deficiency will cause the painful gastrointestinal symptoms associated with lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha-dextrinase deficiency 
B)  Pancreatic amylase deficiency 
C)  Lactase deficiency 
D)  Trehelase deficiency 
A)  Alpha-dextrinase deficiency 
B)  Pancreatic amylase deficiency 
C)  Lactase deficiency 
D)  Trehelase deficiency

Question 12

Research indicates that consuming foods with a lower glycemic load may offer significant health benefits, including weight control and decreased risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which enzyme begins the process of carbohydrate digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreatic amylase 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Salivary amylase 
D)  Glucagon 
A)  Pancreatic amylase 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Salivary amylase 
D)  Glucagon

Question 14

According to acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs), how many grams of carbohydrates should be consumed daily by an athlete consuming a 3,000-calorie diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  130 to 200 g/day 
B)  225 to 325 g/day 
C)  338 to 488 g/day 
D)  500 to 650 g/day 
A)  130 to 200 g/day 
B)  225 to 325 g/day 
C)  338 to 488 g/day 
D)  500 to 650 g/day

Question 15

Which of the following is a naturally occurring, plant-based, noncaloric sweetener?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stevia 
B)  Sorbitol 
C)  Saccharin 
D)  Neotame 
A)  Stevia 
B)  Sorbitol 
C)  Saccharin 
D)  Neotame

Question 16

Which of the following are considered health benefits associated with high-viscosity fiber consumption? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased feeling of fullness 
B)  Decreased fat absorption 
C)  Decreased cholesterol levels 
D)  Decreased insulin resistance 
A)  Increased feeling of fullness 
B)  Decreased fat absorption 
C)  Decreased cholesterol levels 
D)  Decreased insulin resistance

Question 17

Which type of starch is easily digested?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amylose 
B)  Amylopectin 
C)  Cellulose 
D)  Glycogen 
A)  Amylose 
B)  Amylopectin 
C)  Cellulose 
D)  Glycogen

Question 18

Which of the following is a benefit attributed to fructooligosaccharides that are found naturally in some fruits and vegetable and are commercially produced as reduced-calorie sweeteners?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased triglyceride levels 
B)  Relief of constipation 
C)  Decreased glycogen storage 
D)  Increased amino acid production 
A)  Increased triglyceride levels 
B)  Relief of constipation 
C)  Decreased glycogen storage 
D)  Increased amino acid production

Question 19

What substance is released by the pancreas into the duodenum to create a more alkaline environment to allow the digestive enzymes to perform their assigned functions in carbohydrate digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Pancreatic amylase 
D)  Bicarbonate 
A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Pancreatic amylase 
D)  Bicarbonate

Question 20

What is the glycemic load (GL) of a small orange (15 g carbohydrates [CHO]) with a glycemic index (GI) of 40?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.2 
B)  4.5 
C)  6 
D)  8.25 
A)  2.2 
B)  4.5 
C)  6 
D)  8.25

Why is glycemic load a more accurate representation of the impact of a particular food on blood sugar response than glycemic index?

Which of the following statements describes what happens after digested sugars are delivered to the liver through the portal system? Select all that apply.

What organ produces the enzymes responsible for maintaining blood sugar levels within normal limits?

Which type of monosaccharide do body cells use for energy?

The average American consumes and exceeds the daily recommendations for fiber intake.

Which type of carbohydrate is structurally composed of a chain of three to ten simple sugars?

What is the best way for an athlete to spare protein and avoid gluconeogenesis?

Approximately how many grams of glycogen can the body store for energy use?

In what form does the body store carbohydrates?

What deficiency will cause the painful gastrointestinal symptoms associated with lactose intolerance?

Research indicates that consuming foods with a lower glycemic load may offer significant health benefits, including weight control and decreased risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Which enzyme begins the process of carbohydrate digestion?

According to acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs), how many grams of carbohydrates should be consumed daily by an athlete consuming a 3,000-calorie diet?

Which of the following is a naturally occurring, plant-based, noncaloric sweetener?

Which of the following are considered health benefits associated with high-viscosity fiber consumption? Select all that apply.

Which type of starch is easily digested?

Which of the following is a benefit attributed to fructooligosaccharides that are found naturally in some fruits and vegetable and are commercially produced as reduced-calorie sweeteners?

What substance is released by the pancreas into the duodenum to create a more alkaline environment to allow the digestive enzymes to perform their assigned functions in carbohydrate digestion?

What is the glycemic load (GL) of a small orange (15 g carbohydrates [CHO]) with a glycemic index (GI) of 40?

Protein

Fats

Vitamins, Minerals, Electrolytes, and Water

Dietary Guidelines, General Nutrition Recommendations, and Federal Nutrition Policy

Fundamentals of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition

Nutrition Strategies for Optimal Athletic Performance

Exercise, Thermoregulation, and Fluid Balance

Nutritional Strategies for Competitive Endurance, Strength, and Power Athletes

Nutritional Supplements and Ergongenic Aids

Nutrition and Body Composition Coaching and Assessment

Weight Management and Energy Balance

Nutrition Across the Lifecycle

Nutrition for Athletes With Illness or Injury

Eating and Exercise Disorders

Nutrition for Athletes With Special Dietary Needs

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Exam 1: Carbohydrates

Why is glycemic load a more accurate representation of the impact of a particular food on blood sugar response than glycemic index?

Which of the following statements describes what happens after digested sugars are delivered to the liver through the portal system? Select all that apply.

What organ produces the enzymes responsible for maintaining blood sugar levels within normal limits?

Which type of monosaccharide do body cells use for energy?

The average American consumes and exceeds the daily recommendations for fiber intake.

Which type of carbohydrate is structurally composed of a chain of three to ten simple sugars?

What is the best way for an athlete to spare protein and avoid gluconeogenesis?

Approximately how many grams of glycogen can the body store for energy use?

In what form does the body store carbohydrates?

What deficiency will cause the painful gastrointestinal symptoms associated with lactose intolerance?

Research indicates that consuming foods with a lower glycemic load may offer significant health benefits, including weight control and decreased risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Which enzyme begins the process of carbohydrate digestion?

According to acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs), how many grams of carbohydrates should be consumed daily by an athlete consuming a 3,000-calorie diet?

Which of the following is a naturally occurring, plant-based, noncaloric sweetener?

Which of the following are considered health benefits associated with high-viscosity fiber consumption? Select all that apply.

Which type of starch is easily digested?

Which of the following is a benefit attributed to fructooligosaccharides that are found naturally in some fruits and vegetable and are commercially produced as reduced-calorie sweeteners?

What substance is released by the pancreas into the duodenum to create a more alkaline environment to allow the digestive enzymes to perform their assigned functions in carbohydrate digestion?

What is the glycemic load (GL) of a small orange (15 g carbohydrates [CHO]) with a glycemic index (GI) of 40?

Protein

Fats

Vitamins, Minerals, Electrolytes, and Water

Dietary Guidelines, General Nutrition Recommendations, and Federal Nutrition Policy

Fundamentals of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition

Nutrition Strategies for Optimal Athletic Performance

Exercise, Thermoregulation, and Fluid Balance

Nutritional Strategies for Competitive Endurance, Strength, and Power Athletes

Nutritional Supplements and Ergongenic Aids

Nutrition and Body Composition Coaching and Assessment

Weight Management and Energy Balance

Nutrition Across the Lifecycle

Nutrition for Athletes With Illness or Injury

Eating and Exercise Disorders

Nutrition for Athletes With Special Dietary Needs

Filters