Question 1

Which water-soluble vitamin can be stored in the liver, but despite this is often found to be deficient in vegans and the elderly?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B6 
B)  Pantothenic Acid 
C)  Riboflavin 
D)  Vitamin B12 
A)  Vitamin B6 
B)  Pantothenic Acid 
C)  Riboflavin 
D)  Vitamin B12 D

Question 2

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency.
-Vitamin K

Accepted Answer

A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia. 
A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia. J

Question 3

Which classification of vitamin is inactive until it is converted by an enzyme to its active state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quasi-vitamins 
B)  Fortified vitamins 
C)  Provitamins 
D)  Prohormones 
A)  Quasi-vitamins 
B)  Fortified vitamins 
C)  Provitamins 
D)  Prohormones C

Question 4

The highest risk of toxicity is from overconsumption of water-soluble vitamins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency.
-Vitamin C

Accepted Answer

A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia. 
A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia.

Question 6

Besides their ability to dissolve in water, which of the following is another common trait of water-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Role as cofactors 
B)  Characterization as quasi-vitamins 
C)  High risk of toxicity 
D)  Antioxidant properties 
A)  Role as cofactors 
B)  Characterization as quasi-vitamins 
C)  High risk of toxicity 
D)  Antioxidant properties

Question 7

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency.
-Thiamin

Accepted Answer

A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia. 
A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia.

Question 8

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated.
-Dizziness

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Both hyponatremia and dehydration 
A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Both hyponatremia and dehydration

Question 9

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated.
-Nausea

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Both hyponatremia and dehydration 
A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Both hyponatremia and dehydration

Question 10

Current research indicates that antioxidants do not prevent disease as was once believed to be true.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated.
-Irritability

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Both hyponatremia and dehydration 
A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Both hyponatremia and dehydration

Question 12

Which of the following minerals are absorbed in the large intestine? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium 
B)  Copper 
C)  Sodium 
D)  Magnesium 
E)  Potassium 
A)  Calcium 
B)  Copper 
C)  Sodium 
D)  Magnesium 
E)  Potassium

Question 13

Explain the relationship of vitamin D to osteomalacia and fractures.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D consumption results in increas

Question 14

Match the following vitamins to the possible consequences of excessive consumption.
-Vitamin A

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive consumption may mask a vitamin B12 deficiency 
B)  Impaired wound healing, swelling, bleeding, and weakness of connective tissue 
C)  Dryness and cracking of the skin and mucous membranes, headache, and liver disease 
D)  Stress fractures, respiratory infections, and muscle injuries 
E)  Calcification of the kidneys, heart, lungs, and tympanic membrane leading to deafness
F)Decreased absorption of other fat-soluble vitamins, impaired bone mineralization, and prolonged clotting times
G)Impaired metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates
H)Severe jaundice in infants and hemolytic anemia 
A)  Excessive consumption may mask a vitamin B12 deficiency 
B)  Impaired wound healing, swelling, bleeding, and weakness of connective tissue 
C)  Dryness and cracking of the skin and mucous membranes, headache, and liver disease 
D)  Stress fractures, respiratory infections, and muscle injuries 
E)  Calcification of the kidneys, heart, lungs, and tympanic membrane leading to deafness
F)Decreased absorption of other fat-soluble vitamins, impaired bone mineralization, and prolonged clotting times
G)Impaired metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates
H)Severe jaundice in infants and hemolytic anemia

Question 15

Match the following vitamins to the possible consequences of excessive consumption.
-Vitamin K

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive consumption may mask a vitamin B12 deficiency 
B)  Impaired wound healing, swelling, bleeding, and weakness of connective tissue 
C)  Dryness and cracking of the skin and mucous membranes, headache, and liver disease 
D)  Stress fractures, respiratory infections, and muscle injuries 
E)  Calcification of the kidneys, heart, lungs, and tympanic membrane leading to deafness
F)Decreased absorption of other fat-soluble vitamins, impaired bone mineralization, and prolonged clotting times
G)Impaired metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates
H)Severe jaundice in infants and hemolytic anemia 
A)  Excessive consumption may mask a vitamin B12 deficiency 
B)  Impaired wound healing, swelling, bleeding, and weakness of connective tissue 
C)  Dryness and cracking of the skin and mucous membranes, headache, and liver disease 
D)  Stress fractures, respiratory infections, and muscle injuries 
E)  Calcification of the kidneys, heart, lungs, and tympanic membrane leading to deafness
F)Decreased absorption of other fat-soluble vitamins, impaired bone mineralization, and prolonged clotting times
G)Impaired metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates
H)Severe jaundice in infants and hemolytic anemia

Question 16

Match the following minerals to the possible consequences of excess consumption.
-Calcium

Accepted Answer

A)  Interference with iron, zinc, and manganese absorption 
B)  Interference with calcium absorption and possible decrease in bone mass and density 
C)  Severe weakness and fatigue, unexplained joint and abdominal pain, diabetes, liver toxicity, and sometimes death 
D)  Selonosis, characterized by hair loss, white blotchy nails, garlic breath odor, and gastrointestinal distress 
E)  Decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, altered iron function, and poor copper absorption 
A)  Interference with iron, zinc, and manganese absorption 
B)  Interference with calcium absorption and possible decrease in bone mass and density 
C)  Severe weakness and fatigue, unexplained joint and abdominal pain, diabetes, liver toxicity, and sometimes death 
D)  Selonosis, characterized by hair loss, white blotchy nails, garlic breath odor, and gastrointestinal distress 
E)  Decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, altered iron function, and poor copper absorption

Question 17

Which vitamin is at high risk for destruction when exposed to heat and oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin E 
B)  Vitamin A 
C)  Vitamin D 
D)  Vitamin K 
A)  Vitamin E 
B)  Vitamin A 
C)  Vitamin D 
D)  Vitamin K

Question 18

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency.
-Vitamin B12

Accepted Answer

A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia. 
A)  Beriberi: a group of symptoms including mental confusion, muscular wasting, limb swelling, decreased peripheral sensation, tachycardia, and an enlarged heart. 
B)  Eye problems including light sensitivity, excessive tearing, burning and itching, and vision loss. 
C)  Pellagra: characterized by eczema, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death. 
D)  Neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia, skin lesions, and poor growth. 
E)  Megaloblastic anemia and neurologic dysfunction due to demyelination of neurons.
F)Scurvy: characterized by dark purplish spots on the skin and spongy or bleeding gums.
G)Night blindness, poor growth, and susceptibility to infection.
H)Rickets: bowing of weight-bearing bones.
I)Hemolytic anemia that results in destruction of red blood cells.
J)Hemorrhaging and potentially fatal anemia.

Question 19

Which of the following patients should carefully monitor diet and vitamin K intake with the assistance of their physician?

Accepted Answer

A)  A patient who has vision problems. 
B)  A patient who is at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. 
C)  A patient who is taking blood-thinning medication. 
D)  A patient with asthma. 
A)  A patient who has vision problems. 
B)  A patient who is at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. 
C)  A patient who is taking blood-thinning medication. 
D)  A patient with asthma.

Question 20

What recommendations would be made to an athlete attempting to manage their weight with regard to their vitamin and mineral intake? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  If entire food groups are being restricted, the athlete should consult their physician about using a daily multivitamin supplement. 
B)  A nutrient-dense, low-calorie eating plan should be followed. 
C)  Consumption of empty calories should be limited. 
D)  Energy-dense foods should make up the majority of the calories consumed. 
E)  Consuming extra water will allow better vitamin and mineral absorption. 
A)  If entire food groups are being restricted, the athlete should consult their physician about using a daily multivitamin supplement. 
B)  A nutrient-dense, low-calorie eating plan should be followed. 
C)  Consumption of empty calories should be limited. 
D)  Energy-dense foods should make up the majority of the calories consumed. 
E)  Consuming extra water will allow better vitamin and mineral absorption.

Which water-soluble vitamin can be stored in the liver, but despite this is often found to be deficient in vegans and the elderly?

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin K

Which classification of vitamin is inactive until it is converted by an enzyme to its active state?

The highest risk of toxicity is from overconsumption of water-soluble vitamins.

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin C

Besides their ability to dissolve in water, which of the following is another common trait of water-soluble vitamins?

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Thiamin

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated. -Dizziness

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated. -Nausea

Current research indicates that antioxidants do not prevent disease as was once believed to be true.

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated. -Irritability

Which of the following minerals are absorbed in the large intestine? Select all that apply.

Explain the relationship of vitamin D to osteomalacia and fractures.

Match the following vitamins to the possible consequences of excessive consumption. -Vitamin A

Match the following vitamins to the possible consequences of excessive consumption. -Vitamin K

Match the following minerals to the possible consequences of excess consumption. -Calcium

Which vitamin is at high risk for destruction when exposed to heat and oxygen?

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin B₁₂

Which of the following patients should carefully monitor diet and vitamin K intake with the assistance of their physician?

What recommendations would be made to an athlete attempting to manage their weight with regard to their vitamin and mineral intake? Select all that apply.

Carbohydrates

Protein

Fats

Dietary Guidelines, General Nutrition Recommendations, and Federal Nutrition Policy

Fundamentals of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition

Nutrition Strategies for Optimal Athletic Performance

Exercise, Thermoregulation, and Fluid Balance

Nutritional Strategies for Competitive Endurance, Strength, and Power Athletes

Nutritional Supplements and Ergongenic Aids

Nutrition and Body Composition Coaching and Assessment

Weight Management and Energy Balance

Nutrition Across the Lifecycle

Nutrition for Athletes With Illness or Injury

Eating and Exercise Disorders

Nutrition for Athletes With Special Dietary Needs

Filters

Exam 4: Vitamins, Minerals, Electrolytes, and Water

Which water-soluble vitamin can be stored in the liver, but despite this is often found to be deficient in vegans and the elderly?

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin K

Which classification of vitamin is inactive until it is converted by an enzyme to its active state?

The highest risk of toxicity is from overconsumption of water-soluble vitamins.

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin C

Besides their ability to dissolve in water, which of the following is another common trait of water-soluble vitamins?

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Thiamin

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated. -Dizziness

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated. -Nausea

Current research indicates that antioxidants do not prevent disease as was once believed to be true.

Match each of the following symptoms to the electrolyte imbalance with which it can be associated. -Irritability

Which of the following minerals are absorbed in the large intestine? Select all that apply.

Explain the relationship of vitamin D to osteomalacia and fractures.

Match the following vitamins to the possible consequences of excessive consumption. -Vitamin A

Match the following vitamins to the possible consequences of excessive consumption. -Vitamin K

Match the following minerals to the possible consequences of excess consumption. -Calcium

Which vitamin is at high risk for destruction when exposed to heat and oxygen?

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin B12

Which of the following patients should carefully monitor diet and vitamin K intake with the assistance of their physician?

What recommendations would be made to an athlete attempting to manage their weight with regard to their vitamin and mineral intake? Select all that apply.

Carbohydrates

Protein

Fats

Dietary Guidelines, General Nutrition Recommendations, and Federal Nutrition Policy

Fundamentals of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition

Nutrition Strategies for Optimal Athletic Performance

Exercise, Thermoregulation, and Fluid Balance

Nutritional Strategies for Competitive Endurance, Strength, and Power Athletes

Nutritional Supplements and Ergongenic Aids

Nutrition and Body Composition Coaching and Assessment

Weight Management and Energy Balance

Nutrition Across the Lifecycle

Nutrition for Athletes With Illness or Injury

Eating and Exercise Disorders

Nutrition for Athletes With Special Dietary Needs

Filters

Match the following vitamins to the signs or condition associated with their deficiency. -Vitamin B₁₂