Question 1

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Water provides a phosphate group to ATP. 
B) Water captures light energy and transfers it to the electron transport chain. 
C) Water provides replacement electrons to the reaction center chlorophyll. 
D) Water combines with carbon dioxide (CO2) to make glucose. 
A) Water provides a phosphate group to ATP. 
B) Water captures light energy and transfers it to the electron transport chain. 
C) Water provides replacement electrons to the reaction center chlorophyll. 
D) Water combines with carbon dioxide (CO2) to make glucose.

Question 2

The burning pain in your muscles during strenuous exercise is a result of

Accepted Answer

A) the buildup of lactic acid during fermentation. 
B) signals sent to the nervous system by O2-starved cells. 
C) the accumulation of pyruvate in the absence of oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) the lack of ATP needed to regulate the pain receptors in your muscle cells. 
A) the buildup of lactic acid during fermentation. 
B) signals sent to the nervous system by O2-starved cells. 
C) the accumulation of pyruvate in the absence of oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) the lack of ATP needed to regulate the pain receptors in your muscle cells.

Question 3

Only animal cells carry out oxidative phosphorylation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Electrons gain energy as they move through the electron transport chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

NADP⁺ is

Accepted Answer

A) oxidized by Photosystem I. 
B) reduced by Photosystem I. 
C) reduced by Photosystem II. 
D) oxidized by Photosystem II. 
A) oxidized by Photosystem I. 
B) reduced by Photosystem I. 
C) reduced by Photosystem II. 
D) oxidized by Photosystem II.

Question 6

Most of the oxidation reactions that produce NADH in a cell take place in

Accepted Answer

A) the Krebs cycle. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) photosynthesis. 
D) the electron transport chain. 
A) the Krebs cycle. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) photosynthesis. 
D) the electron transport chain.

Question 7

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are both complementary and relatively balanced, but early in the history of life on Earth photosynthesis appears to have dominated, as evidenced by the

Accepted Answer

A) accumulation of atmospheric oxygen. 
B) declines in historic sea level as photosynthetic organisms consumed water. 
C) gradual warming of Earth's climate as CO2 slowly accumulated. 
D) all of the above 
A) accumulation of atmospheric oxygen. 
B) declines in historic sea level as photosynthetic organisms consumed water. 
C) gradual warming of Earth's climate as CO2 slowly accumulated. 
D) all of the above

Question 8

What is the importance of photosynthesis to organisms other than plants?

Accepted Answer

A) All other organisms require oxygen for life processes. 
B) The sugars made during photosynthesis are building blocks of DNA. 
C) All cells must have chloroplasts in order to survive. 
D) Photosynthesis captures energy that other organisms access when they eat either plants or organisms that eat plants. 
A) All other organisms require oxygen for life processes. 
B) The sugars made during photosynthesis are building blocks of DNA. 
C) All cells must have chloroplasts in order to survive. 
D) Photosynthesis captures energy that other organisms access when they eat either plants or organisms that eat plants.

Question 9

The innermost membrane in a chloroplast is the ____________________ membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The innermost membrane in a chloroplast is...

Question 10

The inner membrane of a mitochondrion is highly folded. Which of the following explains why this is the case?

Accepted Answer

A) The folds protect the proteins in the inner membrane from the toxic by-products of cellular respiration. 
B) The folds increase the space available for electron transport chains, increasing the efficiency of ATP production. 
C) The extra folds make the mitochondrion more efficient at capturing carbon dioxide. 
D) The antenna complexes in the inner membrane form clusters that force the membrane into folds. 
A) The folds protect the proteins in the inner membrane from the toxic by-products of cellular respiration. 
B) The folds increase the space available for electron transport chains, increasing the efficiency of ATP production. 
C) The extra folds make the mitochondrion more efficient at capturing carbon dioxide. 
D) The antenna complexes in the inner membrane form clusters that force the membrane into folds.

Question 11

The Krebs cycle produces

Accepted Answer

A) NADH and carbon dioxide. 
B) water and carbon dioxide. 
C) ADP and NADP+. 
D) acetyl CoA and sugars. 
A) NADH and carbon dioxide. 
B) water and carbon dioxide. 
C) ADP and NADP+. 
D) acetyl CoA and sugars.

Question 12

Examine the illustration below; which statement best summarizes the contribution of Photosystem I (PSI)during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) PSI provides the initial energy boost to the electrons on their way to Photosystem II (PSII). 
B) PSI generates the excited electrons that initially accumulate within the thylakoid space and eventually drive ATP synthesis. 
C) PSI generates the high-energy electrons that are transported by NADPH to the Calvin cycle and will eventually reduce the carbon in CO2. 
D) By cycling between reduced and oxidized states, PSI regulates the transmembrane passage of protons between the stroma and the thylakoid space. 
A) PSI provides the initial energy boost to the electrons on their way to Photosystem II (PSII). 
B) PSI generates the excited electrons that initially accumulate within the thylakoid space and eventually drive ATP synthesis. 
C) PSI generates the high-energy electrons that are transported by NADPH to the Calvin cycle and will eventually reduce the carbon in CO2. 
D) By cycling between reduced and oxidized states, PSI regulates the transmembrane passage of protons between the stroma and the thylakoid space.

Question 13

Because inorganic carbon cannot be used by living organisms to build biological molecules, carbon fixation may be the most important metabolic process in the biosphere; if so, that would make _____ the most important enzyme in the biosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) chlorophyll 
B) ATP synthetase 
C) sucrase 
D) rubisco 
A) chlorophyll 
B) ATP synthetase 
C) sucrase 
D) rubisco

Question 14

Which of the following applies to chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A) They have an intermembrane space and a matrix. 
B) They have three membrane-enclosed compartments. 
C) Unlike mitochondria, they lack a stroma. 
D) They carry out both photosynthesis and respiration. 
A) They have an intermembrane space and a matrix. 
B) They have three membrane-enclosed compartments. 
C) Unlike mitochondria, they lack a stroma. 
D) They carry out both photosynthesis and respiration.

Question 15

NAD⁺ becomes NADH when it gains two high-energy ____________________ and one proton.

Accepted Answer

The answer of NAD⁺ becomes NADH when it gains two...

Question 16

The energetics of photosynthesis often overshadows the importance of carbon fixation, but without this vital process,

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide levels would rise uncontrollably, making the Earth too warm to support life. 
B) atmospheric oxygen levels would be too low to support life on Earth. 
C) carbon atoms would not be readily available in biologically useful forms, causing organisms to grow and reproduce very slowly. 
D) all of the above 
A) carbon dioxide levels would rise uncontrollably, making the Earth too warm to support life. 
B) atmospheric oxygen levels would be too low to support life on Earth. 
C) carbon atoms would not be readily available in biologically useful forms, causing organisms to grow and reproduce very slowly. 
D) all of the above

Question 17

An electron transport chain is made up of a group of electron-accepting ____________________ embedded in a membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An electron transport chain is made up...

Question 18

Which of the following statements describe the function of the electron transport chain (ETC)in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) As electrons move through the ETC, they release energy that is used to concentrate protons in the thylakoid lumen. 
B) As electrons move through the ETC, they catalyze the formation of ATP. 
C) The ETC releases CO2 from glucose. 
D) The ETC captures and stores the electrons given off by NADPH. 
A) As electrons move through the ETC, they release energy that is used to concentrate protons in the thylakoid lumen. 
B) As electrons move through the ETC, they catalyze the formation of ATP. 
C) The ETC releases CO2 from glucose. 
D) The ETC captures and stores the electrons given off by NADPH.

Question 19

You have been shrunk to molecular size and find yourself in a chamber in a chloroplast where protons are being pumped into another chamber. You are in the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have been shrunk to molecular size...

Question 20

The photosynthetic reactions that are dependent on light occur in the

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoid membrane. 
B) stroma. 
C) cytosol. 
D) nucleus. 
A) thylakoid membrane. 
B) stroma. 
C) cytosol. 
D) nucleus.

Exam 9: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

The burning pain in your muscles during strenuous exercise is a result of

Only animal cells carry out oxidative phosphorylation.

Electrons gain energy as they move through the electron transport chain.

NADP⁺ is

Most of the oxidation reactions that produce NADH in a cell take place in

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are both complementary and relatively balanced, but early in the history of life on Earth photosynthesis appears to have dominated, as evidenced by the

What is the importance of photosynthesis to organisms other than plants?

The innermost membrane in a chloroplast is the ____________________ membrane.

The inner membrane of a mitochondrion is highly folded. Which of the following explains why this is the case?

The Krebs cycle produces

Examine the illustration below; which statement best summarizes the contribution of Photosystem I (PSI)during photosynthesis?

Because inorganic carbon cannot be used by living organisms to build biological molecules, carbon fixation may be the most important metabolic process in the biosphere; if so, that would make _____ the most important enzyme in the biosphere.

Which of the following applies to chloroplasts?

NAD⁺ becomes NADH when it gains two high-energy ____________________ and one proton.

The energetics of photosynthesis often overshadows the importance of carbon fixation, but without this vital process,

An electron transport chain is made up of a group of electron-accepting ____________________ embedded in a membrane.

Which of the following statements describe the function of the electron transport chain (ETC)in photosynthesis?

You have been shrunk to molecular size and find yourself in a chamber in a chloroplast where protons are being pumped into another chamber. You are in the ____________________.

The photosynthetic reactions that are dependent on light occur in the

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