Question 1

Which of the following events occurred between each branch on an evolutionary tree?

Accepted Answer

A) the evolution of a new derived feature 
B) the loss of a derived feature 
C) the evolution of a shared ancestral feature 
D) the evolution of a convergent feature 
A) the evolution of a new derived feature 
B) the loss of a derived feature 
C) the evolution of a shared ancestral feature 
D) the evolution of a convergent feature

Question 2

Which of the following terms describes organisms that can survive in extremely salty environments?

Accepted Answer

A) thermophiles 
B) halophiles 
C) methanogens 
D) none of the above 
A) thermophiles 
B) halophiles 
C) methanogens 
D) none of the above

Question 3

Infective bacteria are usually too large to enter cells but can cause pathology by releasing an ____________________ that kills adjacent tissues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infective bacteria are usually too large to...

Question 4

Wetland soils are saturated with water and devoid of oxygen creating a habitat ideally suited for ____________________ prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wetland soils are saturated with water and...

Question 5

The organisms most distant from the base of an evolutionary tree are

Accepted Answer

A) unrelated to the organisms separated by one or more branch points. 
B) less primitive than the organisms lower on the tree. 
C) those that have evolved most recently. 
D) chronologically older than the organisms lower on the tree. 
A) unrelated to the organisms separated by one or more branch points. 
B) less primitive than the organisms lower on the tree. 
C) those that have evolved most recently. 
D) chronologically older than the organisms lower on the tree.

Question 6

Which of the following is a kingdom?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria 
B) Eukarya 
C) Plantae 
D) Archaea 
A) Bacteria 
B) Eukarya 
C) Plantae 
D) Archaea

Question 7

A disproportionate number of viral infections occur in the respiratory and digestive systems; how might this be explained?

Accepted Answer

A) New viral particles can be easily released in feces or exhaled air. 
B) The lung, stomach, and intestinal tract can be easily reached when the virus contacts a new host. 
C) The immune response may be less vigorous or effective in these locations. 
D) All of the above are reasonable hypotheses. 
A) New viral particles can be easily released in feces or exhaled air. 
B) The lung, stomach, and intestinal tract can be easily reached when the virus contacts a new host. 
C) The immune response may be less vigorous or effective in these locations. 
D) All of the above are reasonable hypotheses.

Question 8

Viral classification and biology has been challenging; presently most biologists agree that viruses

Accepted Answer

A) should be classified as members of the kingdom Protista. 
B) are constructed from a protein wrapped around DNA or RNA. 
C) use a photosynthetic process more similar to bacteria than plants. 
D) should be classified as autochemotrophic. 
A) should be classified as members of the kingdom Protista. 
B) are constructed from a protein wrapped around DNA or RNA. 
C) use a photosynthetic process more similar to bacteria than plants. 
D) should be classified as autochemotrophic.

Question 9

____________________ are diagrams that show the relationships between various organisms as indicated by DNA analysis or comparative studies on body form, physiology, or behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are diagrams that show the relationships...

Question 10

The most commonly used classification system includes 12 kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Evolutionary trees can be used to predict the behavior of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The group with the greatest diversity in the strategies used to obtain carbon and energy is the

Accepted Answer

A) Fungi. 
B) Animalia. 
C) prokaryotes. 
D) Plantae. 
A) Fungi. 
B) Animalia. 
C) prokaryotes. 
D) Plantae.

Question 13

Convergence is an evolutionary process that produces similar but not shared derived traits in organisms having common life histories but not common ancestors; which of the pairs of features is not convergent?

Accepted Answer

A) the caudal fins of the whale and shark 
B) the opposable thumbs of the human and panda 
C) the hands of the chimpanzee and human 
D) the wings of the bat and bird 
A) the caudal fins of the whale and shark 
B) the opposable thumbs of the human and panda 
C) the hands of the chimpanzee and human 
D) the wings of the bat and bird

Question 14

All bacteria have the same shape.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What do these products have in common-soy sauce, yogurt, swiss cheese, and buttermilk?

Accepted Answer

A) All four are modified dairy products. 
B) Antibiotic therapy often depresses the intestinal bacterial flora; any of the four can be used to reestablish those bacterial colonies. 
C) Each is one of the better sources of protein for individuals choosing a meatless diet. 
D) The production of each involves bacterial fermentation. 
A) All four are modified dairy products. 
B) Antibiotic therapy often depresses the intestinal bacterial flora; any of the four can be used to reestablish those bacterial colonies. 
C) Each is one of the better sources of protein for individuals choosing a meatless diet. 
D) The production of each involves bacterial fermentation.

Question 16

The workers shown in the photograph below are involved in bioremediation; what explanation could account for their specific actions?

Accepted Answer

A) They could be adding fertilizers to stimulate the growth of naturally occurring microbes that will consume a pollutant like oil. 
B) They could be dispersing nonnative microbes that will consume a pollutant like oil. 
C) They could be dispersing seeds to reestablish vegetative growth that will remove pollutants from the environment. 
D) All of the above are examples of bioremediation. 
A) They could be adding fertilizers to stimulate the growth of naturally occurring microbes that will consume a pollutant like oil. 
B) They could be dispersing nonnative microbes that will consume a pollutant like oil. 
C) They could be dispersing seeds to reestablish vegetative growth that will remove pollutants from the environment. 
D) All of the above are examples of bioremediation.

Question 17

With the exception of the _____ the following kingdoms are placed within the domain Eukarya.

Accepted Answer

A) Protista 
B) Plantae 
C) Bacteria 
D) Fungi 
A) Protista 
B) Plantae 
C) Bacteria 
D) Fungi

Question 18

The Linnaean hierarchy goes from species to genus to family to order to ____________________ to phylum to kingdom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Linnaean hierarchy goes from species to...

Question 19

Fossil evidence suggests that the ____________________ were the first eukaryotic group to evolve.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fossil evidence suggests that the ____________________ were...

Question 20

During ____________________ bacteria trade small sections of plasmid DNA with one another.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During ____________________ bacteria trade small sections of...

Exam 2: Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Which of the following events occurred between each branch on an evolutionary tree?

Which of the following terms describes organisms that can survive in extremely salty environments?

Infective bacteria are usually too large to enter cells but can cause pathology by releasing an ____________________ that kills adjacent tissues.

Wetland soils are saturated with water and devoid of oxygen creating a habitat ideally suited for ____________________ prokaryotes.

The organisms most distant from the base of an evolutionary tree are

Which of the following is a kingdom?

A disproportionate number of viral infections occur in the respiratory and digestive systems; how might this be explained?

Viral classification and biology has been challenging; presently most biologists agree that viruses

____________________ are diagrams that show the relationships between various organisms as indicated by DNA analysis or comparative studies on body form, physiology, or behavior.

The most commonly used classification system includes 12 kingdoms.

Evolutionary trees can be used to predict the behavior of organisms.

The group with the greatest diversity in the strategies used to obtain carbon and energy is the

Convergence is an evolutionary process that produces similar but not shared derived traits in organisms having common life histories but not common ancestors; which of the pairs of features is not convergent?

All bacteria have the same shape.

What do these products have in common-soy sauce, yogurt, swiss cheese, and buttermilk?

The workers shown in the photograph below are involved in bioremediation; what explanation could account for their specific actions?

With the exception of the _____ the following kingdoms are placed within the domain Eukarya.

The Linnaean hierarchy goes from species to genus to family to order to ____________________ to phylum to kingdom.

Fossil evidence suggests that the ____________________ were the first eukaryotic group to evolve.

During ____________________ bacteria trade small sections of plasmid DNA with one another.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

From Gene to Protein

Dna Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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