Question 1

In 1996, the Oakland School District proposed:

Accepted Answer

A)  supporting Mock Spanish speakers as if they were learning Standard English as a second language in school. 
B)  supporting Black English, or Ebonics, speakers as if they were learning Standard English as a second language in school. 
C)  teaching Ebonics as a second language alongside Spanish and French. 
D)  replacing the teaching of Standard English with teaching of Ebonics. 
E)  creating a bilingual curriculum in which Spanish and English would be mixed freely. 
A)  supporting Mock Spanish speakers as if they were learning Standard English as a second language in school. 
B)  supporting Black English, or Ebonics, speakers as if they were learning Standard English as a second language in school. 
C)  teaching Ebonics as a second language alongside Spanish and French. 
D)  replacing the teaching of Standard English with teaching of Ebonics. 
E)  creating a bilingual curriculum in which Spanish and English would be mixed freely. B

Question 2

According to the textbook, which of the following statements about the "N-word" is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has been used as a derogatory word throughout much of U.S. history. 
B)  In 1962, the U.S. government started using the word "Negro." 
C)  It has been revived among African American youth involved in hip-hop music. 
D)  Most older African Americans advocate the use of the "N-word." 
E)  Many young people carefully say "niggah," taking an edge off the meaning of the word. 
A)  It has been used as a derogatory word throughout much of U.S. history. 
B)  In 1962, the U.S. government started using the word "Negro." 
C)  It has been revived among African American youth involved in hip-hop music. 
D)  Most older African Americans advocate the use of the "N-word." 
E)  Many young people carefully say "niggah," taking an edge off the meaning of the word. D

Question 3

The ________ of any language refers to names, ideas, and events that offer a catalogue of what is spoken, and can be compiled into a dictionary.

Accepted Answer

A)  dialect 
B)  grammar 
C)  lexicon 
D)  pidgin 
E)  paralanguage 
A)  dialect 
B)  grammar 
C)  lexicon 
D)  pidgin 
E)  paralanguage C

Question 4

Digital immigrants are:

Accepted Answer

A)  the gap between those fully able to participate in the digital age and those without access to electricity, the Internet, and mobile phones. 
B)  social struggles for worker rights and democracy that are aided by social media, mobile phones, and electronic communication. 
C)  born after the 1980s; this generation has spent their lives using devices like smartphones and laptops. 
D)  the era defined by the proliferation of high-speed communication technologies, social networking, and personal computing. 
E)  the generation that uses technology, but in a process more akin to learning a new culture or language. 
A)  the gap between those fully able to participate in the digital age and those without access to electricity, the Internet, and mobile phones. 
B)  social struggles for worker rights and democracy that are aided by social media, mobile phones, and electronic communication. 
C)  born after the 1980s; this generation has spent their lives using devices like smartphones and laptops. 
D)  the era defined by the proliferation of high-speed communication technologies, social networking, and personal computing. 
E)  the generation that uses technology, but in a process more akin to learning a new culture or language.

Question 5

________ is the linguistic ability to refer to events or objects not present or to events that are happening in the future or past.

Accepted Answer

A)  Displacement 
B)  Productivity 
C)  Phonology 
D)  Kinesics 
E)  Syntax 
A)  Displacement 
B)  Productivity 
C)  Phonology 
D)  Kinesics 
E)  Syntax

Question 6

The system of human communication based on a set of symbols and signs with learned and shared meanings is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  grammar. 
B)  linguistic determinism. 
C)  productivity. 
D)  language. 
E)  speech community. 
A)  grammar. 
B)  linguistic determinism. 
C)  productivity. 
D)  language. 
E)  speech community.

Question 7

Which of the following terms best describes the study of how gestures, postures, and facial expressions convey messages without words?

Accepted Answer

A)  discourse analysis 
B)  morphology 
C)  kinesics 
D)  prestige language 
E)  historical linguistics 
A)  discourse analysis 
B)  morphology 
C)  kinesics 
D)  prestige language 
E)  historical linguistics

Question 8

In his study of store clerks in New York City, William Labov discovered that increased pronunciation of the letter "r" in words like car, floor, and fourth:

Accepted Answer

A)  shows that the English language has more than twenty known dialects. 
B)  depended on how adept employees were at code switching. 
C)  was related to the prestige of the store and higher prices. 
D)  was closely tied to how these words were pronounced in Boston. 
E)  had no relationship to the prestige of the store. 
A)  shows that the English language has more than twenty known dialects. 
B)  depended on how adept employees were at code switching. 
C)  was related to the prestige of the store and higher prices. 
D)  was closely tied to how these words were pronounced in Boston. 
E)  had no relationship to the prestige of the store.

Question 9

Based on evidence from Benjamin Whorf's research with the Hopi, a Native American group in the southwestern United States, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the human brain is hardwired for organizing language in a universal manner. 
B)  languages of the Hopi are most similar to indigenous people in the Amazon River basin. 
C)  language occurs independently of thought. 
D)  thought occurs independently of language. 
E)  thought is rooted in language. 
A)  the human brain is hardwired for organizing language in a universal manner. 
B)  languages of the Hopi are most similar to indigenous people in the Amazon River basin. 
C)  language occurs independently of thought. 
D)  thought occurs independently of language. 
E)  thought is rooted in language.

Question 10

According to the text, studying the patterns and importance of sounds as spoken by a group of people helps linguistic anthropologists:

Accepted Answer

A)  establish local kinship patterns. 
B)  identify how emotions are conveyed through nonverbal communication. 
C)  locate the eldest members of a community. 
D)  understand the elements and rules of a particular language. 
E)  determine how long a specific language has existed. 
A)  establish local kinship patterns. 
B)  identify how emotions are conveyed through nonverbal communication. 
C)  locate the eldest members of a community. 
D)  understand the elements and rules of a particular language. 
E)  determine how long a specific language has existed.

Question 11

Anthropologists who emphasize how culture, society, and a person's social position are what shapes language are best described as engaged in the study of:

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural preservation. 
B)  sociolinguistics. 
C)  psychological anthropology. 
D)  the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. 
E)  social Darwinism. 
A)  cultural preservation. 
B)  sociolinguistics. 
C)  psychological anthropology. 
D)  the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. 
E)  social Darwinism.

Question 12

The fact that 85 percent, or 5.5 billion people, lack meaningful access to a digital communication network reflects:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing attempts by computer hackers to shut down global media. 
B)  the efforts of European nations to prevent citizens in the global South from participation. 
C)  the minimal investment in technological infrastructure made by the Chinese government. 
D)  the inability to translate software into languages other than English. 
E)  the tendency of globalization to increase the effects of uneven development. 
A)  increasing attempts by computer hackers to shut down global media. 
B)  the efforts of European nations to prevent citizens in the global South from participation. 
C)  the minimal investment in technological infrastructure made by the Chinese government. 
D)  the inability to translate software into languages other than English. 
E)  the tendency of globalization to increase the effects of uneven development.

Question 13

Whereas many animals, such as dolphins and great apes, communicate with each other through gestures and sounds, only human language utilizes complex systems of:

Accepted Answer

A)  dance. 
B)  symbols. 
C)  warnings and alerts. 
D)  chemical information. 
E)  sign language. 
A)  dance. 
B)  symbols. 
C)  warnings and alerts. 
D)  chemical information. 
E)  sign language.

Question 14

As new speech communities have been formed through the digital activism of the Arab Spring, a new ________ that includes events, names, and ideas pertaining to social protest has also emerged.

Accepted Answer

A)  mock language 
B)  prestige language 
C)  lexicon 
D)  set of phonemes 
E)  syntax 
A)  mock language 
B)  prestige language 
C)  lexicon 
D)  set of phonemes 
E)  syntax

Question 15

According to the textbook, the ________ government has struggled to monitor and censor highly decentralized information that publicizes worker strikes, oppressive working conditions, and local government corruption.

Accepted Answer

A)  Australian 
B)  Chinese 
C)  Canadian 
D)  French 
E)  Swedish 
A)  Australian 
B)  Chinese 
C)  Canadian 
D)  French 
E)  Swedish

Question 16

Anthropologist Laura Bohannan discovered in her attempt to translate a classic text from English literature that:

Accepted Answer

A)  an underlying universal grammar that all humans share facilitated her work. 
B)  the landscape of the Nigerian village shaped the folklore of the inhabitants. 
C)  accurate translation of Shakespeare is best accomplished through sign language. 
D)  the meaning of the story became lost as the original meanings of the English words could not be easily translated. 
E)  it is straightforward to translate stories across different languages. 
A)  an underlying universal grammar that all humans share facilitated her work. 
B)  the landscape of the Nigerian village shaped the folklore of the inhabitants. 
C)  accurate translation of Shakespeare is best accomplished through sign language. 
D)  the meaning of the story became lost as the original meanings of the English words could not be easily translated. 
E)  it is straightforward to translate stories across different languages.

Question 17

Because few children grow up learning to speak the Lakota language, efforts have been made to preserve language samples and artifacts in tribal areas. These efforts include:

Accepted Answer

A)  a participatory social media platform built by LiveandTell. 
B)  replacing Standard English with the Lakota language in local schools. 
C)  translation of the Christian Bible into the Lakota language by the Summer Institute of Linguistics. 
D)  expanding tribal areas to include more speakers. 
E)  legislation making the Lakota language the official language in tribal areas. 
A)  a participatory social media platform built by LiveandTell. 
B)  replacing Standard English with the Lakota language in local schools. 
C)  translation of the Christian Bible into the Lakota language by the Summer Institute of Linguistics. 
D)  expanding tribal areas to include more speakers. 
E)  legislation making the Lakota language the official language in tribal areas.

Question 18

One of the consequences of the "Ebonics" controversy around Black English in Oakland, California, was:

Accepted Answer

A)  research by anthropologists showing that Black English lacks clear rules or patterns. 
B)  a new federal policy that prohibited the teaching of nonstandard English. 
C)  the replacement of Standard English with Black English in the school district. 
D)  a permanent move toward certifying teachers as proficient in Black English. 
E)  resistance to recognizing the challenges Black English speakers have in education settings. 
A)  research by anthropologists showing that Black English lacks clear rules or patterns. 
B)  a new federal policy that prohibited the teaching of nonstandard English. 
C)  the replacement of Standard English with Black English in the school district. 
D)  a permanent move toward certifying teachers as proficient in Black English. 
E)  resistance to recognizing the challenges Black English speakers have in education settings.

Question 19

In part because the Hopi language has verb tenses that differ from those of English, Benjamin Whorf's linguistic research suggested that the Hopi people of Arizona have:

Accepted Answer

A)  a worldview where past and present represent lived reality and the future is hypothetical. 
B)  been able to retain their cultural traditions. 
C)  three seasons of the year instead of four. 
D)  no word for the color red. 
E)  paralanguage that indicates the future. 
A)  a worldview where past and present represent lived reality and the future is hypothetical. 
B)  been able to retain their cultural traditions. 
C)  three seasons of the year instead of four. 
D)  no word for the color red. 
E)  paralanguage that indicates the future.

Question 20

According to Keith Basso, the Apache tradition of "being shot by an arrow" during a conversation refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  instances that suggest violent incidents in the past. 
B)  the process used to prepare corn for planting. 
C)  how elders show neighboring groups where sacred sites are located. 
D)  altercations that take place between Apaches and outsiders. 
E)  the telling of stories, usually by elders, with themes intended to make a point. 
A)  instances that suggest violent incidents in the past. 
B)  the process used to prepare corn for planting. 
C)  how elders show neighboring groups where sacred sites are located. 
D)  altercations that take place between Apaches and outsiders. 
E)  the telling of stories, usually by elders, with themes intended to make a point.

In 1996, the Oakland School District proposed:

According to the textbook, which of the following statements about the "N-word" is false?

The ________ of any language refers to names, ideas, and events that offer a catalogue of what is spoken, and can be compiled into a dictionary.

Digital immigrants are:

________ is the linguistic ability to refer to events or objects not present or to events that are happening in the future or past.

The system of human communication based on a set of symbols and signs with learned and shared meanings is called:

Which of the following terms best describes the study of how gestures, postures, and facial expressions convey messages without words?

In his study of store clerks in New York City, William Labov discovered that increased pronunciation of the letter "r" in words like car, floor, and fourth:

Based on evidence from Benjamin Whorf's research with the Hopi, a Native American group in the southwestern United States, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that:

According to the text, studying the patterns and importance of sounds as spoken by a group of people helps linguistic anthropologists:

Anthropologists who emphasize how culture, society, and a person's social position are what shapes language are best described as engaged in the study of:

The fact that 85 percent, or 5.5 billion people, lack meaningful access to a digital communication network reflects:

Whereas many animals, such as dolphins and great apes, communicate with each other through gestures and sounds, only human language utilizes complex systems of:

As new speech communities have been formed through the digital activism of the Arab Spring, a new ________ that includes events, names, and ideas pertaining to social protest has also emerged.

According to the textbook, the ________ government has struggled to monitor and censor highly decentralized information that publicizes worker strikes, oppressive working conditions, and local government corruption.

Anthropologist Laura Bohannan discovered in her attempt to translate a classic text from English literature that:

Because few children grow up learning to speak the Lakota language, efforts have been made to preserve language samples and artifacts in tribal areas. These efforts include:

One of the consequences of the "Ebonics" controversy around Black English in Oakland, California, was:

In part because the Hopi language has verb tenses that differ from those of English, Benjamin Whorf's linguistic research suggested that the Hopi people of Arizona have:

According to Keith Basso, the Apache tradition of "being shot by an arrow" during a conversation refers to:

Anthropology in a Global Age

Culture

Fieldwork and Ethnography

Human Origins

Race and Racism

Ethnicity and Nationalism

Gender

Sexuality

Kinship, Family, and Marriage

Class and Inequality

The Global Economy

Migration

Politics and Power

Religion

Health and Illness

Art and Media

Filters

Exam 4: Language

In 1996, the Oakland School District proposed:

According to the textbook, which of the following statements about the "N-word" is false?

The ________ of any language refers to names, ideas, and events that offer a catalogue of what is spoken, and can be compiled into a dictionary.

Digital immigrants are:

________ is the linguistic ability to refer to events or objects not present or to events that are happening in the future or past.

The system of human communication based on a set of symbols and signs with learned and shared meanings is called:

Which of the following terms best describes the study of how gestures, postures, and facial expressions convey messages without words?

In his study of store clerks in New York City, William Labov discovered that increased pronunciation of the letter "r" in words like car, floor, and fourth:

Based on evidence from Benjamin Whorf's research with the Hopi, a Native American group in the southwestern United States, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that:

According to the text, studying the patterns and importance of sounds as spoken by a group of people helps linguistic anthropologists:

Anthropologists who emphasize how culture, society, and a person's social position are what shapes language are best described as engaged in the study of:

The fact that 85 percent, or 5.5 billion people, lack meaningful access to a digital communication network reflects:

Whereas many animals, such as dolphins and great apes, communicate with each other through gestures and sounds, only human language utilizes complex systems of:

As new speech communities have been formed through the digital activism of the Arab Spring, a new ________ that includes events, names, and ideas pertaining to social protest has also emerged.

According to the textbook, the ________ government has struggled to monitor and censor highly decentralized information that publicizes worker strikes, oppressive working conditions, and local government corruption.

Anthropologist Laura Bohannan discovered in her attempt to translate a classic text from English literature that:

Because few children grow up learning to speak the Lakota language, efforts have been made to preserve language samples and artifacts in tribal areas. These efforts include:

One of the consequences of the "Ebonics" controversy around Black English in Oakland, California, was:

In part because the Hopi language has verb tenses that differ from those of English, Benjamin Whorf's linguistic research suggested that the Hopi people of Arizona have:

According to Keith Basso, the Apache tradition of "being shot by an arrow" during a conversation refers to:

Anthropology in a Global Age

Culture

Fieldwork and Ethnography

Human Origins

Race and Racism

Ethnicity and Nationalism

Gender

Sexuality

Kinship, Family, and Marriage

Class and Inequality

The Global Economy

Migration

Politics and Power

Religion

Health and Illness

Art and Media

Filters