Exam 2: Alternatives to Christian Ethics

__________ conceives of human behavior not as a matter of free choice but as one of conditioning.

According to F. Skinner, we are not autonomous creatures but ones who respond to __________.

Unlike Christianity, humanism sees __________ as central to the universe.

Objectivism often comes into conflict with Christianity because of Christianity's roots in __________.

Compare the differences in moral beliefs between Hinduism and Buddhism. How are their moral underpinnings different? How are they similar?

In Christianity, believers assume that human beings have free will, but in behaviorism, it is assumed that human beings do not. Write an argument for each side that evaluates the idea of free will.

Morris Storer defined humanists as people who set aside faith to rely on human experience and __________.

Humanists believe that human beings are the center of the universe, whereas objectivists assert that the self is at the center. Can these ideas ever be reconciled?

__________ issues are emphasized over personal morality in Reform Judaism.

__________, the author of The Fountainhead, wrote his/her books to assert the philosophy of objectivism.

"I have to be myself" is an example of a(n) __________ affirmation.

__________ is the basis for behaviorist moral judgments.

Humanism suggests that morality is linked to our relationships with others. It also values happiness and self-awareness over pain and suffering. What kinds of situations might challenge those beliefs?

Humanism believes that, because human beings are social, we find __________ in relationships.

Buddhism arouse out of the Buddha's dissatisfaction with __________.

Orthodox Judaism follows strictly prescribed rules, laws, and rituals. Do you think following such strict rules make a person more moral? Why or why not? What argument might a person who opposes your view make?

The word Islam means __________.

Consider the importance of the environment for a behaviorist. How might different environments create people with drastically different moral outlooks?

__________ rejects the ideal of self-denial and substitutes the insistence that on must do what is right for oneself.

The traditional Islamic path of morality is called the "Five __________ of Faith."