Exam 2: Criminal Justice Theories and Ideologies

Ideals from the classical school of criminology became an integral part of the __________, which provided the impetus for a modification of these principles, called the neo-classical school.

__________ was a movement to bring about the reform of the criminal justice systems of Europe in the eighteenth century.

The contrasting assumptions between the __________ and __________ lie at the heart of the debate between supporters of rehabilitation and supporters of punishment.

Which one of the following individuals was not an early positivist of the Italian School?

According to Cesare Lombroso's early work, who was the criminal man and how could he be identified?

What do traditional liberal and positivist models supporters stress as the most important goal of the criminal justice system?

Briefly explain the difference between "traditional liberals" and "justice model liberals."

Which of the following individuals was a predominate representative of the classical school?

Beccaria argued that laws exist to ensure maintenance of society, and when laws are broken and the state or its citizens thereby endangered, __________ is both necessary and justified.

Discuss the current classical and positivist perspectives on crime in relation to their political ideologies. That is, what assumptions do the schools of criminology share with the three political ideologies discussed in Chapter 2?

The concerns of __________ are more directed toward protecting society than toward aiding the offender.

__________ assume that their primary goals of true economic, social, and political equality for all cannot be achieved under the present capitalist system.

According to the radical ideology, the causes of crime are intimately connected to the fundamental flaws in the ___________ system

Which of the following is not a central assumption of the positivist school?

What was the main difference between the classical school of criminology and the neo-classical school of criminology?

__________ are unprovable sets of assumptions about the proper state of things.

What two schools of criminology have dominated thinking about criminal justice for the past two hundred years?

Liberals view capitalism and the American political system as __________.

The guiding concept of the positivist school of criminology has been the application of __________ to the study of the criminal.

Conservatives believe __________ is the source of the crime problem.