Question 1

Research findings indicate that the capacity of short-term memory may be as small as

Accepted Answer

A)  7±2 items 
B)  2 items 
C)  3±1 items 
D)  10 items 
A)  7±2 items 
B)  2 items 
C)  3±1 items 
D)  10 items C

Question 2

A failure to recall the capital of Wyoming would be an example of a failure of

Accepted Answer

A)  Prospective memory 
B)  Working memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Semantic memory 
A)  Prospective memory 
B)  Working memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Semantic memory D

Question 3

Accidents sometimes occur because a drivers who attend exclusively to one object in the scene or to one task. In this case the driver is relying on ______ attention when they should be _______ attention.

Accepted Answer

A)  Divided; selecting 
B)  Selective; dividing 
C)  Sustained; selecting 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Divided; selecting 
B)  Selective; dividing 
C)  Sustained; selecting 
D)  None of the above B

Question 4

A failure to remember to stop by the dry cleaner on the way home would be an example of a failure of

Accepted Answer

A)  Prospective memory 
B)  Semantic memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Procedural memory 
A)  Prospective memory 
B)  Semantic memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Procedural memory

Question 5

The subvocal rehearsal of information in working memory is generated by the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Articulatory control process 
B)  Visuo-spatial sketchpad. 
C)  Central Executive. 
D)  Episodic buffer. 
A)  Articulatory control process 
B)  Visuo-spatial sketchpad. 
C)  Central Executive. 
D)  Episodic buffer.

Question 6

A task requiring a player to imagine the placement of chess pieces on a chessboard would be expected to engage the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Articulatory control process 
B)  Visuo-spatial sketchpad. 
C)  Central Executive. 
D)  Episodic buffer. 
A)  Articulatory control process 
B)  Visuo-spatial sketchpad. 
C)  Central Executive. 
D)  Episodic buffer.

Question 7

Which of the following NOT a characteristic of automatic processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Susceptibility to the effects of stress 
B)  Rapid response times 
C)  Lower cognitive effort 
D)  Reduced attentional demands. 
A)  Susceptibility to the effects of stress 
B)  Rapid response times 
C)  Lower cognitive effort 
D)  Reduced attentional demands.

Question 8

Which of the following hypotheses attributes the Vigilance decrement to perceptual habituation to a repetitive stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensitivity hypothesis 
B)  Arousal hypothesis 
C)  Motivational hypothesis 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Sensitivity hypothesis 
B)  Arousal hypothesis 
C)  Motivational hypothesis 
D)  None of the above

Question 9

Parallel parking is a task that some drivers never master. Which statement is NOT correct regarding why some drivers never master parallel parking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most drivers don't have much experience having to parallel park. 
B)  Parallel parking would be multi-tasked well with another task. 
C)  The mapping between movements of the steering wheel and movements of the rear of the car lack consistent mapping. 
D)  Parallel parking is an example of a controlled process. 
A)  Most drivers don't have much experience having to parallel park. 
B)  Parallel parking would be multi-tasked well with another task. 
C)  The mapping between movements of the steering wheel and movements of the rear of the car lack consistent mapping. 
D)  Parallel parking is an example of a controlled process.

Question 10

The use of reminders, Postit notes etc serve to minimize failures of

Accepted Answer

A)  Prospective memory 
B)  Semantic memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Procedural memory 
A)  Prospective memory 
B)  Semantic memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Procedural memory

Question 11

The use of bright lights and sirens by police and fire vehicles is an example of the use of ________ to capture attention.

Accepted Answer

A)  Effort 
B)  Expectancy 
C)  Saliency 
D)  Value 
A)  Effort 
B)  Expectancy 
C)  Saliency 
D)  Value

Question 12

The vigilance decrement is a failure of

Accepted Answer

A)  Divided attention 
B)  Spatial attention 
C)  Sustained attention 
D)  Automaticity 
A)  Divided attention 
B)  Spatial attention 
C)  Sustained attention 
D)  Automaticity

Question 13

According to the findings of de Fockert et al. the effectiveness of visual search is improved

Accepted Answer

A)  By the representation of the scene in the sensory register 
B)  By a positive mental outlook 
C)  By the maintenance of stimulus priorities for attention in working memory 
D)  All of the above 
A)  By the representation of the scene in the sensory register 
B)  By a positive mental outlook 
C)  By the maintenance of stimulus priorities for attention in working memory 
D)  All of the above

Question 14

Information in short-term memory lasts ______when rehearsal is prevented.

Accepted Answer

A)  Indefinitely 
B)  2-3 minutes 
C)  Less than 20 second 
D)  Less than one second 
A)  Indefinitely 
B)  2-3 minutes 
C)  Less than 20 second 
D)  Less than one second

Question 15

In Baddeleys' model the __________ is hypothesized to serve multiple functions including planning behavior, maintaining and switching of attention between tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  Visuospatial sketch pad 
B)  Phonological loop 
C)  Central executive 
D)  Articulatory control process 
A)  Visuospatial sketch pad 
B)  Phonological loop 
C)  Central executive 
D)  Articulatory control process

Question 16

The term ___________ processing refers to knowledge that is stored in long-term memory that a driver might rely on to anticipate where to look for hazards.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bottom-up 
B)  Mid-level 
C)  Top-down 
D)  schematic 
A)  Bottom-up 
B)  Mid-level 
C)  Top-down 
D)  schematic

Question 17

Based on studies of the Flanker Compatibility Effect if the primary task of driving is made more cognitively demanding by having the driver negotiate a complex intersection or drive under poor environmental conditions like rain, we may predict

Accepted Answer

A)  Little effect on the driver's detection of other road hazards like a pedestrian. 
B)  The driver will be less likely to detect road hazards like a pedestrian. 
C)  The drivers to speed up. 
D)  Improved driving performance. 
A)  Little effect on the driver's detection of other road hazards like a pedestrian. 
B)  The driver will be less likely to detect road hazards like a pedestrian. 
C)  The drivers to speed up. 
D)  Improved driving performance.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding interference is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tasks that place demands on the same cognitive processes will produce less interference. 
B)  Tasks that demand access to different components of working memory (i.e., phonological loop versus visuo-spatial sketch pad) will cause less interference 
C)  That's that demand access to the same sensory systems or motor behaviors (actions of the hands or feet) will not cause interference 
D)  None of the above statements are TRUE. 
A)  Tasks that place demands on the same cognitive processes will produce less interference. 
B)  Tasks that demand access to different components of working memory (i.e., phonological loop versus visuo-spatial sketch pad) will cause less interference 
C)  That's that demand access to the same sensory systems or motor behaviors (actions of the hands or feet) will not cause interference 
D)  None of the above statements are TRUE.

Question 19

Which statement concerning multi-tasking is ------------------------------- true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive processes involved in choosing when to shift attention between tasks is believed to be mediated by central executive component of Baddeley's model of working memory. 
B)  The appearance of multi-tasking belies the fact that participants are likely delaying decision on one task while they make a decision related to another concurrent task. 
C)  The decision stage supports current processing of multiple decisions. 
D)  Tasks where there is a natural mapping (i.e., repeating words you hear) may be performed in parallel with another task. 
A)  Cognitive processes involved in choosing when to shift attention between tasks is believed to be mediated by central executive component of Baddeley's model of working memory. 
B)  The appearance of multi-tasking belies the fact that participants are likely delaying decision on one task while they make a decision related to another concurrent task. 
C)  The decision stage supports current processing of multiple decisions. 
D)  Tasks where there is a natural mapping (i.e., repeating words you hear) may be performed in parallel with another task.

Question 20

The sensory register for aural stimuli is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  Iconic register 
B)  Echoic register 
C)  Haptic register 
D)  Sensory register 
A)  Iconic register 
B)  Echoic register 
C)  Haptic register 
D)  Sensory register

Research findings indicate that the capacity of short-term memory may be as small as

A failure to recall the capital of Wyoming would be an example of a failure of

Accidents sometimes occur because a drivers who attend exclusively to one object in the scene or to one task. In this case the driver is relying on attention when they should be _ attention.

A failure to remember to stop by the dry cleaner on the way home would be an example of a failure of

The subvocal rehearsal of information in working memory is generated by the ____________.

A task requiring a player to imagine the placement of chess pieces on a chessboard would be expected to engage the ____________.

Which of the following NOT a characteristic of automatic processes?

Which of the following hypotheses attributes the Vigilance decrement to perceptual habituation to a repetitive stimulus?

Parallel parking is a task that some drivers never master. Which statement is NOT correct regarding why some drivers never master parallel parking?

The use of reminders, Postit notes etc serve to minimize failures of

The use of bright lights and sirens by police and fire vehicles is an example of the use of ________ to capture attention.

The vigilance decrement is a failure of

According to the findings of de Fockert et al. the effectiveness of visual search is improved

Information in short-term memory lasts ______when rehearsal is prevented.

In Baddeleys' model the __________ is hypothesized to serve multiple functions including planning behavior, maintaining and switching of attention between tasks.

The term ___________ processing refers to knowledge that is stored in long-term memory that a driver might rely on to anticipate where to look for hazards.

Based on studies of the Flanker Compatibility Effect if the primary task of driving is made more cognitively demanding by having the driver negotiate a complex intersection or drive under poor environmental conditions like rain, we may predict

Which of the following statements regarding interference is TRUE?

Which statement concerning multi-tasking is ------------------------------- true?

The sensory register for aural stimuli is called the

Introduction to Human Factors

Research Methods

Visual, Tactile, and Olfactory Displays

Audition and Vestibular Function

Methods of Evaluation

Decision-Making

Motor Skills and Control

Anthropometry and Biomechanics

Environmental Design

Human Error

Future Trends in Human Factors

Filters

Exam 6: Attention, Memory, and Multitasking

Research findings indicate that the capacity of short-term memory may be as small as

A failure to recall the capital of Wyoming would be an example of a failure of

Accidents sometimes occur because a drivers who attend exclusively to one object in the scene or to one task. In this case the driver is relying on ______ attention when they should be _______ attention.

A failure to remember to stop by the dry cleaner on the way home would be an example of a failure of

The subvocal rehearsal of information in working memory is generated by the ____________.

A task requiring a player to imagine the placement of chess pieces on a chessboard would be expected to engage the ____________.

Which of the following NOT a characteristic of automatic processes?

Which of the following hypotheses attributes the Vigilance decrement to perceptual habituation to a repetitive stimulus?

Parallel parking is a task that some drivers never master. Which statement is NOT correct regarding why some drivers never master parallel parking?

The use of reminders, Postit notes etc serve to minimize failures of

The use of bright lights and sirens by police and fire vehicles is an example of the use of ________ to capture attention.

The vigilance decrement is a failure of

According to the findings of de Fockert et al. the effectiveness of visual search is improved

Information in short-term memory lasts ______when rehearsal is prevented.

In Baddeleys' model the __________ is hypothesized to serve multiple functions including planning behavior, maintaining and switching of attention between tasks.

The term ___________ processing refers to knowledge that is stored in long-term memory that a driver might rely on to anticipate where to look for hazards.

Based on studies of the Flanker Compatibility Effect if the primary task of driving is made more cognitively demanding by having the driver negotiate a complex intersection or drive under poor environmental conditions like rain, we may predict

Which of the following statements regarding interference is TRUE?

Which statement concerning multi-tasking is ------------------------------- true?

The sensory register for aural stimuli is called the

Introduction to Human Factors

Research Methods

Visual, Tactile, and Olfactory Displays

Audition and Vestibular Function

Methods of Evaluation

Decision-Making

Motor Skills and Control

Anthropometry and Biomechanics

Environmental Design

Human Error

Future Trends in Human Factors

Filters

Accidents sometimes occur because a drivers who attend exclusively to one object in the scene or to one task. In this case the driver is relying on attention when they should be _ attention.