Exam 10: Parenthood and Fertility

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Explanations for the higher than normal sex ratios in China include

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A review of family size effects revealed that in large families, child rearing was more rule driven, corporal punishment was more prevalent, and more delinquents and alcoholics were produced.

(True/False)
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In 2006, 20% of women ages 40-44 were childless.

(True/False)
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Census data reveal that between 1970 and 2000, unwed mothers, on average, have been getting younger.

(True/False)
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Teenagers who placed their child for adoption suffered far more long term negative psychological consequences than those who raised their children.

(True/False)
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Black unwed teenagers who become pregnant are more likely than their white counterparts to

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Last born or youngest children tend to be the most sexually conservative and more traditionally oriented.

(True/False)
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Blake's research findings on the only child suggest that

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Teenagers in the United States are far more likely to become pregnant than are comparable women in other developed countries.

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Choosing the sex of the child would likely increase the proportion of male births by seven to ten percent.

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When parental background is controlled, only children do better than children from any other family size.

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Which statement is true?

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More than two of three births (about 72 percent) to African American women were outside of a marital context in 2007.

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The __________ was a post World War II event that upset what had been a century long decline in the fertility rate in the United States.

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The idea that children are of value in providing security in old age or in case of divorce, widowhood, or financial difficulties, is referred to as a(n)

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Explain the increase in the percentage of births to unwed mothers. Which women are most likely to have a child without being married? Why do they do this?

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What are the consequences for parents and/or societies if the control of having a boy or girl (sex control) is perfected? Would a result lead to an unbalanced sex ratio, a reduction in the birthrate, an improvement in marital/family relationships, or a shift in gender roles?

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Freeze and others suggest a word of caution on the effect of birth order by suggesting that a better predictor of social attitudes is

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By birth order, __________ children have been found to have the lowest levels of self-esteem.

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Birthrates in the U.S. South are below the national average.

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