Question 1

Which of the following statements about people's beliefs about the causes of racial inequality is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Among African Americans, members of the Millennial generation are less likely than member of previous generations to attribute the disadvantaged status of minorities to a lack of motivation 
B) Among the Millennial generation, African Americans and Whites are equally likely to attribute racial inequality to structural factors (i.e., discrimination) 
C) Among the Millennial generation, African Americans are more likely than Whites to recognize the structural basis of racial inequality 
D) Whites and African Americans are equally likely to attribute racial inequality to individual factors (i.e., motivation) 
E) Most U.S. adults believe that discrimination is the main cause of racial inequality in this society 
A) Among African Americans, members of the Millennial generation are less likely than member of previous generations to attribute the disadvantaged status of minorities to a lack of motivation 
B) Among the Millennial generation, African Americans and Whites are equally likely to attribute racial inequality to structural factors (i.e., discrimination) 
C) Among the Millennial generation, African Americans are more likely than Whites to recognize the structural basis of racial inequality 
D) Whites and African Americans are equally likely to attribute racial inequality to individual factors (i.e., motivation) 
E) Most U.S. adults believe that discrimination is the main cause of racial inequality in this society

Question 2

In bystander experiments, White witnesses are more likely to help an African American victim after, rather than before, that individual requests assistance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Discriminatory behaviors directed toward Whites by African Americans aren't considered racist. These behaviors aren't indicative of racism because:

Accepted Answer

A) the discrimination is in opposition to existing institutional patterns 
B) the structural context in which behavior occurs shapes its consequences 
C) they occur so rarely 
D) they aren't motivated by stereotypes or prejudice 
E) both a and b 
A) the discrimination is in opposition to existing institutional patterns 
B) the structural context in which behavior occurs shapes its consequences 
C) they occur so rarely 
D) they aren't motivated by stereotypes or prejudice 
E) both a and b

Question 4

What percentage of White adults recognize that racial inequality reflects structural factors (e.g., discrimination)?

Accepted Answer

A) 12% 
B) 30% 
C) just under 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 85% 
A) 12% 
B) 30% 
C) just under 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 85%

Question 5

The high percentage of Whites in the United States who are opposed to reparations reflects the pervasiveness of:

Accepted Answer

A) color-blind racism 
B) laissez-faire racism 
C) negative racial stereotypes 
D) traditional racism 
E) both a and b 
A) color-blind racism 
B) laissez-faire racism 
C) negative racial stereotypes 
D) traditional racism 
E) both a and b

Question 6

The perceptual process through which the same behavior is seen as positive when it is exhibited by members of one group, and negative when it's exhibited by members of another group, typically one that is the target of prejudice and discrimination within the broader society, is called:

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination 
B) moral alchemy 
C) racial profiling 
D) schematic bias 
E) prejudice 
A) discrimination 
B) moral alchemy 
C) racial profiling 
D) schematic bias 
E) prejudice

Question 7

Micro-level interventions focus on the reduction of negative racial attitudes (prejudice at the individual level) or on:

Accepted Answer

A) identifying the source of negative racial attitudes and their link to broader social and historical factors 
B) the disruption of the micro-level social processes through which macro-level racial inequalities are reproduced in specific group settings 
C) the effects of prejudice on behavior across social contexts 
D) the sources of prejudice at the individual level 
E) why some Whites have more negative racial attitudes than what is normative 
A) identifying the source of negative racial attitudes and their link to broader social and historical factors 
B) the disruption of the micro-level social processes through which macro-level racial inequalities are reproduced in specific group settings 
C) the effects of prejudice on behavior across social contexts 
D) the sources of prejudice at the individual level 
E) why some Whites have more negative racial attitudes than what is normative

Question 8

Across age cohorts, whites are substantially less likely than Blacks to acknowledge the structural roots of racial inequality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The jigsaw technique is a:

Accepted Answer

A) common identity interventions 
B) expectation training interventions 
C) multiability task interventions 
D) priming interventions 
E) status-ability interventions 
A) common identity interventions 
B) expectation training interventions 
C) multiability task interventions 
D) priming interventions 
E) status-ability interventions

Question 10

Sociological social psychologists find psychological theories of the behavior-attitude relationship useful because they:

Accepted Answer

A) are usually tested using general population surveys 
B) emphasize both social processes and outcomes 
C) explain why enacting laws that change people's behaviors lead to changes in the population's attitudes 
D) highlight variations in the relationship between cognition and behavior across levels of analysis 
E) illustrate the distinction between micro- and macro-level social processes 
A) are usually tested using general population surveys 
B) emphasize both social processes and outcomes 
C) explain why enacting laws that change people's behaviors lead to changes in the population's attitudes 
D) highlight variations in the relationship between cognition and behavior across levels of analysis 
E) illustrate the distinction between micro- and macro-level social processes

Question 11

Discrimination that occurs at the macro level as the result of the way social institutions (e.g., education, the criminal justice system, and the political system) within society operate is called:

Accepted Answer

A) cultural unfairness 
B) functional differentiation 
C) institutional discrimination 
D) role-oriented bias 
E) systemic prejudice 
A) cultural unfairness 
B) functional differentiation 
C) institutional discrimination 
D) role-oriented bias 
E) systemic prejudice

Question 12

Describe the current racial climate in the United States. Are Whites' beliefs about the causes of racial inequality in this country consistent with this reality? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The current racial climate in the United

Question 13

Affirmative action is considered a macro-level intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Who argues that inclusive superordinate identities can be primed?

Accepted Answer

A) Chicago school symbolic interactionists 
B) identity theorists working within social structure and personality 
C) social identity theorists working within the group processes and structures orientation 
D) social exchange theorists studying commitment and trust in social relationships 
E) status characteristics theorists, who do experimental sociology 
A) Chicago school symbolic interactionists 
B) identity theorists working within social structure and personality 
C) social identity theorists working within the group processes and structures orientation 
D) social exchange theorists studying commitment and trust in social relationships 
E) status characteristics theorists, who do experimental sociology

Question 15

Stereotype threat is presumed to affect performance on tests and college students' grades because it causes:

Accepted Answer

A) anger 
B) anxiety 
C) embarrassment 
D) fear 
E) shame 
A) anger 
B) anxiety 
C) embarrassment 
D) fear 
E) shame

Question 16

Why don't attitudes predict behavior?

Accepted Answer

Attitudes do not always predict behavior

Question 17

Sociological social psychologists consider women a minority group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

How do sociological social psychologists define prejudice? Contrast sociological and psychological definitions of prejudice.

Accepted Answer

Sociological social psychologists define

Question 19

Stereotype threat occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A) individuals suffer the consequence of macro-level patterns of discrimination against members of their racial or ethnic group 
B) individuals with power make it clear to minority group members below them in an organizational structure that they adhere to negative cultural beliefs about non-whites 
C) minorities are forced to interact with members of the dominant group who devalue them 
D) minority youths initially become aware of the relationship between race and ethnicity and economic success within this society 
E) people recognize that anything they do has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their group 
A) individuals suffer the consequence of macro-level patterns of discrimination against members of their racial or ethnic group 
B) individuals with power make it clear to minority group members below them in an organizational structure that they adhere to negative cultural beliefs about non-whites 
C) minorities are forced to interact with members of the dominant group who devalue them 
D) minority youths initially become aware of the relationship between race and ethnicity and economic success within this society 
E) people recognize that anything they do has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their group

Question 20

The White racial frame has initiated _____________________________.

Accepted Answer

A) a self-fulfilling prophecy at the societal level 
B) a disturbing pattern of global inequality 
C) an overdependence on welfare among able-bodied White adults 
D) the rejection of "American" values among Blacks and other racial/ethnic minorities 
E) all of the above 
A) a self-fulfilling prophecy at the societal level 
B) a disturbing pattern of global inequality 
C) an overdependence on welfare among able-bodied White adults 
D) the rejection of "American" values among Blacks and other racial/ethnic minorities 
E) all of the above

Which of the following statements about people's beliefs about the causes of racial inequality is true?

In bystander experiments, White witnesses are more likely to help an African American victim after, rather than before, that individual requests assistance.

Discriminatory behaviors directed toward Whites by African Americans aren't considered racist. These behaviors aren't indicative of racism because:

What percentage of White adults recognize that racial inequality reflects structural factors (e.g., discrimination)?

The high percentage of Whites in the United States who are opposed to reparations reflects the pervasiveness of:

The perceptual process through which the same behavior is seen as positive when it is exhibited by members of one group, and negative when it's exhibited by members of another group, typically one that is the target of prejudice and discrimination within the broader society, is called:

Micro-level interventions focus on the reduction of negative racial attitudes (prejudice at the individual level) or on:

Across age cohorts, whites are substantially less likely than Blacks to acknowledge the structural roots of racial inequality.

The jigsaw technique is a:

Sociological social psychologists find psychological theories of the behavior-attitude relationship useful because they:

Discrimination that occurs at the macro level as the result of the way social institutions (e.g., education, the criminal justice system, and the political system) within society operate is called:

Describe the current racial climate in the United States. Are Whites' beliefs about the causes of racial inequality in this country consistent with this reality? Explain.

Affirmative action is considered a macro-level intervention.

Who argues that inclusive superordinate identities can be primed?

Stereotype threat is presumed to affect performance on tests and college students' grades because it causes:

Why don't attitudes predict behavior?

Sociological social psychologists consider women a minority group.

How do sociological social psychologists define prejudice? Contrast sociological and psychological definitions of prejudice.

Stereotype threat occurs when:

The White racial frame has initiated _____________________________.

What Is Sociological Social Psychology

Research Methods in Sociological Social Psychology

Symbolic Interactionism and Related Perspectives

The Social Structure and Personality Perspective

Group Processes and Structure

Socialization Throughout the Life Course

Self and Identity

Emotions and Social Life

Deviance and Social Control

Mental Health and Illness

Personal Relationships

Social Influence, Social Constraint, and Social Change

Filters

Exam 12: Prejudice and Discrimination

Which of the following statements about people's beliefs about the causes of racial inequality is true?

In bystander experiments, White witnesses are more likely to help an African American victim after, rather than before, that individual requests assistance.

Discriminatory behaviors directed toward Whites by African Americans aren't considered racist. These behaviors aren't indicative of racism because:

What percentage of White adults recognize that racial inequality reflects structural factors (e.g., discrimination)?

The high percentage of Whites in the United States who are opposed to reparations reflects the pervasiveness of:

The perceptual process through which the same behavior is seen as positive when it is exhibited by members of one group, and negative when it's exhibited by members of another group, typically one that is the target of prejudice and discrimination within the broader society, is called:

Micro-level interventions focus on the reduction of negative racial attitudes (prejudice at the individual level) or on:

Across age cohorts, whites are substantially less likely than Blacks to acknowledge the structural roots of racial inequality.

The jigsaw technique is a:

Sociological social psychologists find psychological theories of the behavior-attitude relationship useful because they:

Discrimination that occurs at the macro level as the result of the way social institutions (e.g., education, the criminal justice system, and the political system) within society operate is called:

Describe the current racial climate in the United States. Are Whites' beliefs about the causes of racial inequality in this country consistent with this reality? Explain.

Affirmative action is considered a macro-level intervention.

Who argues that inclusive superordinate identities can be primed?

Stereotype threat is presumed to affect performance on tests and college students' grades because it causes:

Why don't attitudes predict behavior?

Sociological social psychologists consider women a minority group.

How do sociological social psychologists define prejudice? Contrast sociological and psychological definitions of prejudice.

Stereotype threat occurs when:

The White racial frame has initiated _____________________________.

What Is Sociological Social Psychology

Research Methods in Sociological Social Psychology

Symbolic Interactionism and Related Perspectives

The Social Structure and Personality Perspective

Group Processes and Structure

Socialization Throughout the Life Course

Self and Identity

Emotions and Social Life

Deviance and Social Control

Mental Health and Illness

Personal Relationships

Social Influence, Social Constraint, and Social Change

Filters