Question 1

What counterframe is common among African Americans?

Accepted Answer

A) the antioppression counterframe 
B) the alternative solutions counterframe 
C) the bargaining counterframe 
D) the accept-and-reject counterframe 
E) the planned future counterframe 
A) the antioppression counterframe 
B) the alternative solutions counterframe 
C) the bargaining counterframe 
D) the accept-and-reject counterframe 
E) the planned future counterframe

Question 2

At the individual level, prejudice explains about __________ of the variation in discriminatory behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 13% 
C) 20% 
D) 42% 
E) 87% 
A) 5% 
B) 13% 
C) 20% 
D) 42% 
E) 87%

Question 3

The gap in the minimum mandatory sentence for crack versus powder cocaine was reduced by the Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 to a ratio of:

Accepted Answer

A) 47 to 1 
B) 100 to 1 
C) just over 1 to 1 
D) 7 to 1 
E) 18 to 1 
A) 47 to 1 
B) 100 to 1 
C) just over 1 to 1 
D) 7 to 1 
E) 18 to 1

Question 4

What is liberal racism? Illustrate this concept with examples from the study of college students' race journals.

Accepted Answer

Liberal racism refers to the subtle, oft

Question 5

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 was unpopular because it increased the rate with which Whites were incarcerated for cocaine possession.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Negative stereotypes of racial/ethnic minorities, especially African Americans; cultural narratives extolling "White virtues," such as hard work, achievement, superiority, and the ability to overcome adversity and resistance from others; visual and auditory imagery (notions of racial/ethnic differences in appearance and accents); and emotions (e.g., the association of negative feelings, including fear, with racial/ethnic minorities) are all a part of:

Accepted Answer

A) children's interpretive frameworks 
B) color-blind racism 
C) liberal racism 
D) the dominant racial prototype 
E) the White racial frame 
A) children's interpretive frameworks 
B) color-blind racism 
C) liberal racism 
D) the dominant racial prototype 
E) the White racial frame

Question 7

Describe and contrast micro- and macro-level interventions designed to improve race relations within this society.

Accepted Answer

Micro-level interventions focus on indiv

Question 8

Describe patterns of racial socialization in minority families. How do these interactions relate to the formation of racial identities? What is the consequence of having a strong racial identity beneficial for minority youths?

Accepted Answer

Patterns of racial socialization in mino

Question 9

Among college students, which group has the highest average score on the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM)?

Accepted Answer

A) African Americans 
B) Latinos 
C) Italians 
D) Irish Americans 
E) Whites 
A) African Americans 
B) Latinos 
C) Italians 
D) Irish Americans 
E) Whites

Question 10

Research suggests that being a token has the same effect on work outcomes for everyone, regardless of their race/ethnicity or gender.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The penalties associated with cocaine use or distribution vary with the form of drug possessed (crack vs. powder) and result in higher rates of incarceration among racial and ethnic minorities than among Whites. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) functional differentiation 
B) institutional discrimination 
C) prejudice 
D) status generalization 
E) stereotype threat 
A) functional differentiation 
B) institutional discrimination 
C) prejudice 
D) status generalization 
E) stereotype threat

Question 12

In Schnoor's (2006) qualitative analysis of gay Jews living in an urban area, Gay-Jewish Commuters:

Accepted Answer

A) experienced significant role conflict 
B) had high levels of psychological distress 
C) had two residences, one in a gay neighborhood and one downtown 
D) kept their religious lives separate from the other facets of their lives 
E) were unable to distance themselves from religious relatives and friends, even though they sometimes wished to do so 
A) experienced significant role conflict 
B) had high levels of psychological distress 
C) had two residences, one in a gay neighborhood and one downtown 
D) kept their religious lives separate from the other facets of their lives 
E) were unable to distance themselves from religious relatives and friends, even though they sometimes wished to do so

Question 13

Among African Americans, members of the Millennial Generation are more likely than older age cohorts to attribute racial inequality to:

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of motivation 
B) discrimination 
C) intellectual ability 
D) poor quality schools 
E) racist beliefs 
A) a lack of motivation 
B) discrimination 
C) intellectual ability 
D) poor quality schools 
E) racist beliefs

Question 14

Within social structure and personality, a token is:

Accepted Answer

A) a debt that has yet to be collected 
B) a group within society that lacks power 
C) a person who is a numerical minority 
D) an individual whose status within a company can be negotiated 
E) someone who is hired because of his or her race or ethnicity 
A) a debt that has yet to be collected 
B) a group within society that lacks power 
C) a person who is a numerical minority 
D) an individual whose status within a company can be negotiated 
E) someone who is hired because of his or her race or ethnicity

Question 15

Researchers have studied the formation of identities among multi-racial or multiethnic individuals. Which of the following identity formation strategies has NOT been discussed within this literature?

Accepted Answer

A) dual identification, where self-definitions favoring one racial/ethnic identity over another vary with the social setting or the person with whom one is conversing 
B) identity borrowing (e.g., taking on the identity of an admired celebrity, politician, or religious leader who has a similar racial/ethnic heritage) 
C) the adoption of a monoracial identity (e.g., a person who has one White and one Black parent who self-identifies as African American) 
D) the construction of a new, hybrid identity specific to one's unique heritage 
E) the rejection of race/ethnicity in favor of other sources of identity (e.g., work roles or group affiliations) 
A) dual identification, where self-definitions favoring one racial/ethnic identity over another vary with the social setting or the person with whom one is conversing 
B) identity borrowing (e.g., taking on the identity of an admired celebrity, politician, or religious leader who has a similar racial/ethnic heritage) 
C) the adoption of a monoracial identity (e.g., a person who has one White and one Black parent who self-identifies as African American) 
D) the construction of a new, hybrid identity specific to one's unique heritage 
E) the rejection of race/ethnicity in favor of other sources of identity (e.g., work roles or group affiliations)

Question 16

Whites' tendency to believe that racial inequality in the United States is due to personal characteristics (motivation), rather than to structural causes (discrimination), is indicative of:

Accepted Answer

A) color-blind racism 
B) discursive racism 
C) symbolic racism 
D) traditional racism 
E) both a and d 
A) color-blind racism 
B) discursive racism 
C) symbolic racism 
D) traditional racism 
E) both a and d

Question 17

Over half of White adults in the United States believe that racial inequality is due to:

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of will or motivation on the part of racial/ethnic minorities 
B) discrimination 
C) low self-esteem among minority youths 
D) race differences in intellectual ability 
E) both c and d 
A) a lack of will or motivation on the part of racial/ethnic minorities 
B) discrimination 
C) low self-esteem among minority youths 
D) race differences in intellectual ability 
E) both c and d

Question 18

Negative attitudes toward African Americans (implicit/unconscious and explicit/conscious, in the form of symbolic racism) decreased substantially between 2008 and 2012.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Color-blind racism is rooted in the belief that everyone is, and should be, treated equally and:

Accepted Answer

A) that special advantages should be given to all groups within society denied opportunities for social mobility in the past 
B) that individuals, including Whites, who expect to be given preferential treatment should be required to work as hard as everyone else 
C) that people often create a self-fulfilling prophecy when they expect government assistance 
D) the failure to recognize the structural basis of racial inequality 
E) the recognition that racial/ethnic minorities often have low motivation 
A) that special advantages should be given to all groups within society denied opportunities for social mobility in the past 
B) that individuals, including Whites, who expect to be given preferential treatment should be required to work as hard as everyone else 
C) that people often create a self-fulfilling prophecy when they expect government assistance 
D) the failure to recognize the structural basis of racial inequality 
E) the recognition that racial/ethnic minorities often have low motivation

Question 20

_____________________________ addresses current patterns of exclusion by increasing racial/ethnic minorities' and women's access to selective colleges and universities and to high-status, high-paying jobs are classified as:

Accepted Answer

A) Affirmative action 
B) Obama's race-balancing plan 
C) Race baiting 
D) Reparations 
E) The Federal Education and Job Expansion Program 
A) Affirmative action 
B) Obama's race-balancing plan 
C) Race baiting 
D) Reparations 
E) The Federal Education and Job Expansion Program

What counterframe is common among African Americans?

At the individual level, prejudice explains about __________ of the variation in discriminatory behavior.

The gap in the minimum mandatory sentence for crack versus powder cocaine was reduced by the Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 to a ratio of:

What is liberal racism? Illustrate this concept with examples from the study of college students' race journals.

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 was unpopular because it increased the rate with which Whites were incarcerated for cocaine possession.

Describe and contrast micro- and macro-level interventions designed to improve race relations within this society.

Describe patterns of racial socialization in minority families. How do these interactions relate to the formation of racial identities? What is the consequence of having a strong racial identity beneficial for minority youths?

Among college students, which group has the highest average score on the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM)?

Research suggests that being a token has the same effect on work outcomes for everyone, regardless of their race/ethnicity or gender.

The penalties associated with cocaine use or distribution vary with the form of drug possessed (crack vs. powder) and result in higher rates of incarceration among racial and ethnic minorities than among Whites. This is an example of:

In Schnoor's (2006) qualitative analysis of gay Jews living in an urban area, Gay-Jewish Commuters:

Among African Americans, members of the Millennial Generation are more likely than older age cohorts to attribute racial inequality to:

Within social structure and personality, a token is:

Researchers have studied the formation of identities among multi-racial or multiethnic individuals. Which of the following identity formation strategies has NOT been discussed within this literature?

Whites' tendency to believe that racial inequality in the United States is due to personal characteristics (motivation), rather than to structural causes (discrimination), is indicative of:

Over half of White adults in the United States believe that racial inequality is due to:

Negative attitudes toward African Americans (implicit/unconscious and explicit/conscious, in the form of symbolic racism) decreased substantially between 2008 and 2012.

Color-blind racism is rooted in the belief that everyone is, and should be, treated equally and:

_____________________________ addresses current patterns of exclusion by increasing racial/ethnic minorities' and women's access to selective colleges and universities and to high-status, high-paying jobs are classified as:

What Is Sociological Social Psychology

Research Methods in Sociological Social Psychology

Symbolic Interactionism and Related Perspectives

The Social Structure and Personality Perspective

Group Processes and Structure

Socialization Throughout the Life Course

Self and Identity

Emotions and Social Life

Deviance and Social Control

Mental Health and Illness

Personal Relationships

Social Influence, Social Constraint, and Social Change

Filters

Exam 12: Prejudice and Discrimination

What counterframe is common among African Americans?

At the individual level, prejudice explains about __________ of the variation in discriminatory behavior.

The gap in the minimum mandatory sentence for crack versus powder cocaine was reduced by the Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 to a ratio of:

What is liberal racism? Illustrate this concept with examples from the study of college students' race journals.

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 was unpopular because it increased the rate with which Whites were incarcerated for cocaine possession.

Describe and contrast micro- and macro-level interventions designed to improve race relations within this society.

Describe patterns of racial socialization in minority families. How do these interactions relate to the formation of racial identities? What is the consequence of having a strong racial identity beneficial for minority youths?

Among college students, which group has the highest average score on the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM)?

Research suggests that being a token has the same effect on work outcomes for everyone, regardless of their race/ethnicity or gender.

The penalties associated with cocaine use or distribution vary with the form of drug possessed (crack vs. powder) and result in higher rates of incarceration among racial and ethnic minorities than among Whites. This is an example of:

In Schnoor's (2006) qualitative analysis of gay Jews living in an urban area, Gay-Jewish Commuters:

Among African Americans, members of the Millennial Generation are more likely than older age cohorts to attribute racial inequality to:

Within social structure and personality, a token is:

Researchers have studied the formation of identities among multi-racial or multiethnic individuals. Which of the following identity formation strategies has NOT been discussed within this literature?

Whites' tendency to believe that racial inequality in the United States is due to personal characteristics (motivation), rather than to structural causes (discrimination), is indicative of:

Over half of White adults in the United States believe that racial inequality is due to:

Negative attitudes toward African Americans (implicit/unconscious and explicit/conscious, in the form of symbolic racism) decreased substantially between 2008 and 2012.

Color-blind racism is rooted in the belief that everyone is, and should be, treated equally and:

_____________________________ addresses current patterns of exclusion by increasing racial/ethnic minorities' and women's access to selective colleges and universities and to high-status, high-paying jobs are classified as:

What Is Sociological Social Psychology

Research Methods in Sociological Social Psychology

Symbolic Interactionism and Related Perspectives

The Social Structure and Personality Perspective

Group Processes and Structure

Socialization Throughout the Life Course

Self and Identity

Emotions and Social Life

Deviance and Social Control

Mental Health and Illness

Personal Relationships

Social Influence, Social Constraint, and Social Change

Filters