Question 1

During the first month of life, the most fleeting state of arousal is

Accepted Answer

A)  regular sleep. 
B)  irregular sleep. 
C)  quiet alertness. 
D)  waking activity and crying. 
A)  regular sleep. 
B)  irregular sleep. 
C)  quiet alertness. 
D)  waking activity and crying.

Question 2

Cross-cultural research using NBAS scores reveals that

Accepted Answer

A)  Asian babies are more irritable than Caucasian babies. 
B)  Native-American babies are less irritable than Caucasian babies. 
C)  U.S. babies have a stronger, more flexible muscle tone than Kipsigis babies of rural Kenya. 
D)  in Zambia, Africa, maternal care has little to no effect on poor NBAS scores of undernourished infants. 
A)  Asian babies are more irritable than Caucasian babies. 
B)  Native-American babies are less irritable than Caucasian babies. 
C)  U.S. babies have a stronger, more flexible muscle tone than Kipsigis babies of rural Kenya. 
D)  in Zambia, Africa, maternal care has little to no effect on poor NBAS scores of undernourished infants.

Question 3

Summarize milestones in the development of touch, taste, smell, and hearing that are present at birth and during the first half of the first year.

Accepted Answer

At birth, newborns respond to touch and

Question 4

The American cultural norm of having infants sleep in a separate room from their parents is meant to foster

Accepted Answer

A)  an awareness of personal boundaries. 
B)  respect for parents. 
C)  an interdependent self. 
D)  an independent self. 
A)  an awareness of personal boundaries. 
B)  respect for parents. 
C)  an interdependent self. 
D)  an independent self.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true about the sequence of motor development?

Accepted Answer

A)  A baby who is a late reacher will probably also be a late crawler. 
B)  Motor skills are separate, innate abilities that emerge in a fixed sequence. 
C)  Motor skills are interrelated; each is a product of earlier motor attainments. 
D)  All children acquire motor skills in the same way. 
A)  A baby who is a late reacher will probably also be a late crawler. 
B)  Motor skills are separate, innate abilities that emerge in a fixed sequence. 
C)  Motor skills are interrelated; each is a product of earlier motor attainments. 
D)  All children acquire motor skills in the same way.

Question 6

Visually impaired infants

Accepted Answer

A)  attain gross- and fine-motor milestones at the same time as their sighted counterparts. 
B)  usually have adult caregivers who provide them with rich early exposure to sounding objects. 
C)  have great difficulty evoking stimulating caregiver interaction. 
D)  can imitate and pick up nonverbal social cues. 
A)  attain gross- and fine-motor milestones at the same time as their sighted counterparts. 
B)  usually have adult caregivers who provide them with rich early exposure to sounding objects. 
C)  have great difficulty evoking stimulating caregiver interaction. 
D)  can imitate and pick up nonverbal social cues.

Question 7

Identify and describe useful techniques for soothing a crying baby.

Accepted Answer

-Talk softly or play rhythmic sounds. Co

Question 8

Before learning takes place, a(n) __________ stimulus must consistently produce a reflexive, or __________, response.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned; unconditioned 
B)  unconditioned; conditioned 
C)  conditioned; unconditioned 
D)  neutral; neutral 
A)  unconditioned; unconditioned 
B)  unconditioned; conditioned 
C)  conditioned; unconditioned 
D)  neutral; neutral

Question 9

In non-rapid-eye-movement sleep,

Accepted Answer

A)  facial grimacing occurs. 
B)  breathing is uneven. 
C)  the body is almost motionless. 
D)  heart rate is irregular. 
A)  facial grimacing occurs. 
B)  breathing is uneven. 
C)  the body is almost motionless. 
D)  heart rate is irregular.

Question 10

__________ and __________ are evident in the first week of life, long before babies can actively rotate objects and view them from different angles.

Accepted Answer

A)  Binocular depth perception; shape constancy 
B)  Size constancy; shape constancy 
C)  Contrast sensitivity; pictorial depth perception 
D)  Size constancy; binocular depth perception 
A)  Binocular depth perception; shape constancy 
B)  Size constancy; shape constancy 
C)  Contrast sensitivity; pictorial depth perception 
D)  Size constancy; binocular depth perception

Question 11

The percentage of REM sleep is greatest in

Accepted Answer

A)  preterm babies. 
B)  full-term newborns. 
C)  infants between 2 to 3 months. 
D)  infants between 6 to 9 months. 
A)  preterm babies. 
B)  full-term newborns. 
C)  infants between 2 to 3 months. 
D)  infants between 6 to 9 months.

Question 12

Sam presents a conditioned stimulus alone enough times, without pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus, that the conditioned response no longer occurs. Sam is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  a novelty preference. 
A)  reinforcement. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  a novelty preference.

Question 13

Baby Grace sees and hears a bouncing ball. When she hears the sound later, without seeing the ball, she is nonetheless able to recognize a picture of a ball. Grace is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  size constancy. 
B)  shape constancy. 
C)  intermodal perception. 
D)  object perception. 
A)  size constancy. 
B)  shape constancy. 
C)  intermodal perception. 
D)  object perception.

Question 14

In a study examining infants' ability to perceive faces, 6-month-olds could

Accepted Answer

A)  discriminate individual faces of both humans and monkeys equally well. 
B)  distinguish human but not monkey faces. 
C)  distinguish monkey but not human faces. 
D)  only distinguish their mother's face from an unfamiliar woman's face. 
A)  discriminate individual faces of both humans and monkeys equally well. 
B)  distinguish human but not monkey faces. 
C)  distinguish monkey but not human faces. 
D)  only distinguish their mother's face from an unfamiliar woman's face.

Question 15

In cultures where cosleeping is widespread,

Accepted Answer

A)  children rarely sleep through the night. 
B)  parents often complain about bedtime struggles. 
C)  SIDS is rare. 
D)  SIDS is common. 
A)  children rarely sleep through the night. 
B)  parents often complain about bedtime struggles. 
C)  SIDS is rare. 
D)  SIDS is common.

Question 16

__________ is the first depth cue to which infants are sensitive.

Accepted Answer

A)  Motion 
B)  Stereopsis 
C)  Perspective 
D)  Texture 
A)  Motion 
B)  Stereopsis 
C)  Perspective 
D)  Texture

Question 17

Dynamic systems theory provides convincing evidence that motor skill behaviors are

Accepted Answer

A)  governed by a built-in maturational timetable. 
B)  hardwired. 
C)  genetically determined. 
D)  softly assembled. 
A)  governed by a built-in maturational timetable. 
B)  hardwired. 
C)  genetically determined. 
D)  softly assembled.

Question 18

The function of the Babinski reflex is

Accepted Answer

A)  to protect the infant from strong stimulation. 
B)  linked to human evolutionary past, and may have helped an infant cling to the mother. 
C)  to prepare an infant for voluntary reaching. 
D)  unknown. 
A)  to protect the infant from strong stimulation. 
B)  linked to human evolutionary past, and may have helped an infant cling to the mother. 
C)  to prepare an infant for voluntary reaching. 
D)  unknown.

Question 19

The rooting reflex disappears around

Accepted Answer

A)  3 weeks. 
B)  3 months. 
C)  4 months. 
D)  6 months. 
A)  3 weeks. 
B)  3 months. 
C)  4 months. 
D)  6 months.

Question 20

At birth, babies

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot hear high-pitched sounds. 
B)  display no taste preferences. 
C)  display certain odor preferences. 
D)  cannot detect nonspeech sounds. 
A)  cannot hear high-pitched sounds. 
B)  display no taste preferences. 
C)  display certain odor preferences. 
D)  cannot detect nonspeech sounds.

During the first month of life, the most fleeting state of arousal is

Cross-cultural research using NBAS scores reveals that

Summarize milestones in the development of touch, taste, smell, and hearing that are present at birth and during the first half of the first year.

The American cultural norm of having infants sleep in a separate room from their parents is meant to foster

Which of the following statements is true about the sequence of motor development?

Visually impaired infants

Identify and describe useful techniques for soothing a crying baby.

Before learning takes place, a(n) stimulus must consistently produce a reflexive, or , response.

In non-rapid-eye-movement sleep,

and are evident in the first week of life, long before babies can actively rotate objects and view them from different angles.

The percentage of REM sleep is greatest in

Sam presents a conditioned stimulus alone enough times, without pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus, that the conditioned response no longer occurs. Sam is demonstrating

Baby Grace sees and hears a bouncing ball. When she hears the sound later, without seeing the ball, she is nonetheless able to recognize a picture of a ball. Grace is demonstrating

In a study examining infants' ability to perceive faces, 6-month-olds could

In cultures where cosleeping is widespread,

__________ is the first depth cue to which infants are sensitive.

Dynamic systems theory provides convincing evidence that motor skill behaviors are

The function of the Babinski reflex is

The rooting reflex disappears around

At birth, babies

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 4: Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

During the first month of life, the most fleeting state of arousal is

Cross-cultural research using NBAS scores reveals that

Summarize milestones in the development of touch, taste, smell, and hearing that are present at birth and during the first half of the first year.

The American cultural norm of having infants sleep in a separate room from their parents is meant to foster

Which of the following statements is true about the sequence of motor development?

Visually impaired infants

Identify and describe useful techniques for soothing a crying baby.

Before learning takes place, a(n) __________ stimulus must consistently produce a reflexive, or __________, response.

In non-rapid-eye-movement sleep,

__________ and __________ are evident in the first week of life, long before babies can actively rotate objects and view them from different angles.

The percentage of REM sleep is greatest in

Sam presents a conditioned stimulus alone enough times, without pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus, that the conditioned response no longer occurs. Sam is demonstrating

Baby Grace sees and hears a bouncing ball. When she hears the sound later, without seeing the ball, she is nonetheless able to recognize a picture of a ball. Grace is demonstrating

In a study examining infants' ability to perceive faces, 6-month-olds could

In cultures where cosleeping is widespread,

__________ is the first depth cue to which infants are sensitive.

Dynamic systems theory provides convincing evidence that motor skill behaviors are

The function of the Babinski reflex is

The rooting reflex disappears around

At birth, babies

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Before learning takes place, a(n) stimulus must consistently produce a reflexive, or , response.

and are evident in the first week of life, long before babies can actively rotate objects and view them from different angles.