Question 1

According to Andrew Meltzoff, newborns

Accepted Answer

A)  do not actually imitate; their responses are actually mouthing. 
B)  have an automatic imitative capacity that declines with age. 
C)  imitate much as older children and adults do. 
D)  cannot yet imitate facial expressions. 
A)  do not actually imitate; their responses are actually mouthing. 
B)  have an automatic imitative capacity that declines with age. 
C)  imitate much as older children and adults do. 
D)  cannot yet imitate facial expressions.

Question 2

Baby Noah prefers a salty taste to plain water. This may indicate that Noah is

Accepted Answer

A)  iron-deficient. 
B)  ready to accept solid foods. 
C)  malnourished. 
D)  ready to be weaned. 
A)  iron-deficient. 
B)  ready to accept solid foods. 
C)  malnourished. 
D)  ready to be weaned.

Question 3

Ninety percent of infants will crawl between _____ months.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 to 7 
B)  5 to 9 
C)  5 to 11 
D)  7 to 15 
A)  2 to 7 
B)  5 to 9 
C)  5 to 11 
D)  7 to 15

Question 4

Explain dynamic systems theory of motor development. Why, according to this view, is motor development softly assembled rather than genetically hardwired?

Accepted Answer

According to dynamic systems theory of m

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true about speech perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Not until the end of the second year can toddlers "screen out" sounds not used in their native tongue. 
B)  Between 6 and 8 months, babies start to "screen out" sounds not used in their native tongue. 
C)  Young infants listen longer to nonspeech sounds than to human speech. 
D)  Newborns prefer speech that is fast, low-pitched, and monotone. 
A)  Not until the end of the second year can toddlers "screen out" sounds not used in their native tongue. 
B)  Between 6 and 8 months, babies start to "screen out" sounds not used in their native tongue. 
C)  Young infants listen longer to nonspeech sounds than to human speech. 
D)  Newborns prefer speech that is fast, low-pitched, and monotone.

Question 6

Newborn Alexia makes poorly coordinated swipes toward an object in front of her. Alexia is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  prereaching. 
B)  the ulnar grasp. 
C)  the pincer grasp. 
D)  voluntary reaching. 
A)  prereaching. 
B)  the ulnar grasp. 
C)  the pincer grasp. 
D)  voluntary reaching.

Question 7

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS)

Accepted Answer

A)  is specially designed for use with newborns at risk for developmental problems. 
B)  is useful in Western cultures, but is not helpful in cross-cultural evaluations. 
C)  evaluates a baby's reflexes, muscle tone, state changes, and responsiveness to physical and social stimuli. 
D)  evaluates a baby's skin color, complexion, pulse rate, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and breathing. 
A)  is specially designed for use with newborns at risk for developmental problems. 
B)  is useful in Western cultures, but is not helpful in cross-cultural evaluations. 
C)  evaluates a baby's reflexes, muscle tone, state changes, and responsiveness to physical and social stimuli. 
D)  evaluates a baby's skin color, complexion, pulse rate, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and breathing.

Question 8

Cross-cultural research shows that cosleeping

Accepted Answer

A)  is the norm for approximately 90 percent of the world's population. 
B)  causes a decrease in mothers' total sleep time. 
C)  is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). 
D)  children are at risk for later emotional problems, especially dependency. 
A)  is the norm for approximately 90 percent of the world's population. 
B)  causes a decrease in mothers' total sleep time. 
C)  is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). 
D)  children are at risk for later emotional problems, especially dependency.

Question 9

Babies' motor achievements have a powerful effect on their

Accepted Answer

A)  development novelty preference. 
B)  social relationships. 
C)  sleep-wake cycle. 
D)  visual acuity. 
A)  development novelty preference. 
B)  social relationships. 
C)  sleep-wake cycle. 
D)  visual acuity.

Question 10

According to dynamic systems theory of motor development, each new skill is a joint product of central nervous system development, the body's movement capacities, the child's goals, and

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental supports for the skill. 
B)  the child's cognitive development. 
C)  the child's social relationships. 
D)  the child's age. 
A)  environmental supports for the skill. 
B)  the child's cognitive development. 
C)  the child's social relationships. 
D)  the child's age.

Question 11

Baby Yolanda's eyelids are closed, and her breathing is irregular. Her limbs show gentle movements, and she shows some facial grimacing. Occasional rapid eye movements can be seen beneath her eyelids. Yolanda is displaying which state of arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  regular sleep 
B)  irregular sleep 
C)  drowsiness 
D)  quiet alertness 
A)  regular sleep 
B)  irregular sleep 
C)  drowsiness 
D)  quiet alertness

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true about intermodal perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intermodal perception develops very slowly over time. 
B)  Intermodal sensitivity is crucial for perceptual development. 
C)  Young infants notice changes in purely visual properties only when exposed to intermodal information. 
D)  Intermodal perception interferes with social and language processing. 
A)  Intermodal perception develops very slowly over time. 
B)  Intermodal sensitivity is crucial for perceptual development. 
C)  Young infants notice changes in purely visual properties only when exposed to intermodal information. 
D)  Intermodal perception interferes with social and language processing.

Question 13

Microgenetic research by James Galloway and Esther Thelen shows that

Accepted Answer

A)  of all the motor skills, walking alone plays the greatest role in infant cognitive development. 
B)  infants reach for objects with their feet before they reach for objects with their hands. 
C)  there are minimal individual differences in the rate and progression of infant motor development. 
D)  infant motor skills develop according to a strict, predetermined cephalocaudal pattern. 
A)  of all the motor skills, walking alone plays the greatest role in infant cognitive development. 
B)  infants reach for objects with their feet before they reach for objects with their hands. 
C)  there are minimal individual differences in the rate and progression of infant motor development. 
D)  infant motor skills develop according to a strict, predetermined cephalocaudal pattern.

Question 14

Baby Xavier reacts especially strongly to unpleasant stimuli. His crying is intense and high-pitched. Xavier did not experience prenatal or birth complications and has no brain damage. Xavier probably

Accepted Answer

A)  has colic. 
B)  is easier to calm down than other babies. 
C)  is at high risk for SIDS. 
D)  is deficient in REM sleep. 
A)  has colic. 
B)  is easier to calm down than other babies. 
C)  is at high risk for SIDS. 
D)  is deficient in REM sleep.

Question 15

A study that asked infants to distinguish between ABA and ABB structured strings of nonsense words revealed that infants.

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot detect speech patterns in nonsense words. 
B)  can detect simple word-order rules. 
C)  cannot detect regularities in word sequences. 
D)  are less attentive to nonsense words than to nonspeech sounds. 
A)  cannot detect speech patterns in nonsense words. 
B)  can detect simple word-order rules. 
C)  cannot detect regularities in word sequences. 
D)  are less attentive to nonsense words than to nonspeech sounds.

Question 16

Pediatricians test reflexes carefully because weak, absent, overly rigid, or exaggerated reflexes may indicate

Accepted Answer

A)  brain damage. 
B)  a circadian rhythm. 
C)  parental abuse or neglect. 
D)  skeletal trauma. 
A)  brain damage. 
B)  a circadian rhythm. 
C)  parental abuse or neglect. 
D)  skeletal trauma.

Question 17

The expression "sleeping like a baby" was probably meant to describe the __________ state of arousal.

Accepted Answer

A)  REM sleep 
B)  drowsiness 
C)  NREM sleep 
D)  quiet alertness 
A)  REM sleep 
B)  drowsiness 
C)  NREM sleep 
D)  quiet alertness

Question 18

When Western parents choose to practice __________, amount of crying in the early months is reduced by about one-third.

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal care 
B)  the "cry it out" method 
C)  nighttime cosleeping 
D)  kangaroo care 
A)  proximal care 
B)  the "cry it out" method 
C)  nighttime cosleeping 
D)  kangaroo care

Question 19

Which of the following children born with cataracts will likely show permanent impairment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jon, who had corrective surgery at 4 months old 
B)  Jesse, who had corrective surgery at 4 years old 
C)  Jennifer, who had corrective surgery at 12 years old 
D)  Jackson, who had corrective surgery at 18 years old 
A)  Jon, who had corrective surgery at 4 months old 
B)  Jesse, who had corrective surgery at 4 years old 
C)  Jennifer, who had corrective surgery at 12 years old 
D)  Jackson, who had corrective surgery at 18 years old

Question 20

Motor skills

Accepted Answer

A)  develop more rapidly in boys than girls. 
B)  follow a fixed maturational timetable. 
C)  develop in highly individualized ways. 
D)  follow a strict, predetermined cephalocaudal pattern without exception. 
A)  develop more rapidly in boys than girls. 
B)  follow a fixed maturational timetable. 
C)  develop in highly individualized ways. 
D)  follow a strict, predetermined cephalocaudal pattern without exception.

According to Andrew Meltzoff, newborns

Baby Noah prefers a salty taste to plain water. This may indicate that Noah is

Ninety percent of infants will crawl between _____ months.

Explain dynamic systems theory of motor development. Why, according to this view, is motor development softly assembled rather than genetically hardwired?

Which of the following statements is true about speech perception?

Newborn Alexia makes poorly coordinated swipes toward an object in front of her. Alexia is demonstrating

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS)

Cross-cultural research shows that cosleeping

Babies' motor achievements have a powerful effect on their

According to dynamic systems theory of motor development, each new skill is a joint product of central nervous system development, the body's movement capacities, the child's goals, and

Baby Yolanda's eyelids are closed, and her breathing is irregular. Her limbs show gentle movements, and she shows some facial grimacing. Occasional rapid eye movements can be seen beneath her eyelids. Yolanda is displaying which state of arousal?

Which of the following statements is true about intermodal perception?

Microgenetic research by James Galloway and Esther Thelen shows that

Baby Xavier reacts especially strongly to unpleasant stimuli. His crying is intense and high-pitched. Xavier did not experience prenatal or birth complications and has no brain damage. Xavier probably

A study that asked infants to distinguish between ABA and ABB structured strings of nonsense words revealed that infants.

Pediatricians test reflexes carefully because weak, absent, overly rigid, or exaggerated reflexes may indicate

The expression "sleeping like a baby" was probably meant to describe the __________ state of arousal.

When Western parents choose to practice __________, amount of crying in the early months is reduced by about one-third.

Which of the following children born with cataracts will likely show permanent impairment?

Motor skills

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 4: Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

According to Andrew Meltzoff, newborns

Baby Noah prefers a salty taste to plain water. This may indicate that Noah is

Ninety percent of infants will crawl between _____ months.

Explain dynamic systems theory of motor development. Why, according to this view, is motor development softly assembled rather than genetically hardwired?

Which of the following statements is true about speech perception?

Newborn Alexia makes poorly coordinated swipes toward an object in front of her. Alexia is demonstrating

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS)

Cross-cultural research shows that cosleeping

Babies' motor achievements have a powerful effect on their

According to dynamic systems theory of motor development, each new skill is a joint product of central nervous system development, the body's movement capacities, the child's goals, and

Baby Yolanda's eyelids are closed, and her breathing is irregular. Her limbs show gentle movements, and she shows some facial grimacing. Occasional rapid eye movements can be seen beneath her eyelids. Yolanda is displaying which state of arousal?

Which of the following statements is true about intermodal perception?

Microgenetic research by James Galloway and Esther Thelen shows that

Baby Xavier reacts especially strongly to unpleasant stimuli. His crying is intense and high-pitched. Xavier did not experience prenatal or birth complications and has no brain damage. Xavier probably

A study that asked infants to distinguish between ABA and ABB structured strings of nonsense words revealed that infants.

Pediatricians test reflexes carefully because weak, absent, overly rigid, or exaggerated reflexes may indicate

The expression "sleeping like a baby" was probably meant to describe the __________ state of arousal.

When Western parents choose to practice __________, amount of crying in the early months is reduced by about one-third.

Which of the following children born with cataracts will likely show permanent impairment?

Motor skills

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters