Question 1

Confusing modifying risk to changing a clinically relevant outcome is a major problem in clinical medicine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The health care system is relevant to all health needs of Canadians.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

The health care system isn't about health, but rather disease management.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Describe three public health measures. Explain why they are considered "public health" in terms of their aims.

Accepted Answer

Answers will describe three measures aim

Question 5

An experimental study attempts to discern ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  meaningful differences between comparable control and experimental populations 
B)  the precise impact of an experimental intervention on a control group 
C)  the relevance of the measures used by the researcher 
D)  whether the findings are generalizable to different populations 
A)  meaningful differences between comparable control and experimental populations 
B)  the precise impact of an experimental intervention on a control group 
C)  the relevance of the measures used by the researcher 
D)  whether the findings are generalizable to different populations

Question 6

"Herd immunity" works because the probability of a susceptible person encountering a contagious one goes down as the proportion of people immune to the infection goes up.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Why are we confronted by so many contradictory research findings regarding diet, nutrition, and health?

Accepted Answer

Answers will describe the limi

Question 8

A large, well-conducted study showed that 12 hours of regular moderate intensity exercise per week is associated with a 20 per cent reduction in coronary heart disease. We can correctly infer that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual who exercises at least 12 hours per week will reduce his/her risk of coronary heart disease by 20 per cent 
B)  if 10 heart attacks normally occur per year in a population of 10,000 people, only 8 would occur in a similar sized population that exercised at least 12 hours per week 
C)  inactivity causes heart attack 
D)  the more exercise, the greater cardiac health 
A)  an individual who exercises at least 12 hours per week will reduce his/her risk of coronary heart disease by 20 per cent 
B)  if 10 heart attacks normally occur per year in a population of 10,000 people, only 8 would occur in a similar sized population that exercised at least 12 hours per week 
C)  inactivity causes heart attack 
D)  the more exercise, the greater cardiac health

Question 9

In Canada, _________

Accepted Answer

A)  almost all necessary health care products and services are paid by government through Medicare 
B)  doctors are not permitted to decide if a service is medically necessary and thus eligible for public payment 
C)  the federal government operates a comprehensive health care insurance scheme 
D)  about 70 per cent of health care costs are covered by either provincial health care insurance or workers' compensation plans 
A)  almost all necessary health care products and services are paid by government through Medicare 
B)  doctors are not permitted to decide if a service is medically necessary and thus eligible for public payment 
C)  the federal government operates a comprehensive health care insurance scheme 
D)  about 70 per cent of health care costs are covered by either provincial health care insurance or workers' compensation plans

Question 10

The following statement about research methods is TRUE: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a cohort study is subject to more recall bias than a case-control study 
B)  case-control studies are more powerful than cohort studies because they use a longitudinal study design 
C)  cohort studies have more explanatory power than case-control studies because cohort studies contain information of the temporal order of variables 
D)  case-control studies are more powerful than cohort studies because the population is better defined 
A)  a cohort study is subject to more recall bias than a case-control study 
B)  case-control studies are more powerful than cohort studies because they use a longitudinal study design 
C)  cohort studies have more explanatory power than case-control studies because cohort studies contain information of the temporal order of variables 
D)  case-control studies are more powerful than cohort studies because the population is better defined

Question 11

The two main classes of research studies are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cohort and case control 
B)  observational and clinical trial 
C)  cross-sectional and experimental 
D)  observational and experimental 
A)  cohort and case control 
B)  observational and clinical trial 
C)  cross-sectional and experimental 
D)  observational and experimental

Question 12

Why might cancer screening and early treatment not yield improved health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Cancer screening and early treatment may

Question 13

________ is NOT a problem for achieving successful medical treatment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient non-compliance 
B)  Inaccurate diagnosis 
C)  Wrong treatment offered 
D)  Providers strictly adhering to clinical guidelines and safe-care protocols 
A)  Patient non-compliance 
B)  Inaccurate diagnosis 
C)  Wrong treatment offered 
D)  Providers strictly adhering to clinical guidelines and safe-care protocols

Question 14

"Informal care" refers to _________

Accepted Answer

A)  the provision of health care by non-medical organizations 
B)  the same thing as "social care" 
C)  the provision of health care by family members 
D)  care provided incidentally alongside a non-health care service 
A)  the provision of health care by non-medical organizations 
B)  the same thing as "social care" 
C)  the provision of health care by family members 
D)  care provided incidentally alongside a non-health care service

Question 15

Randomization of a sufficiently large study population into an experimental population (group) and a control population (group) is necessary to ensure ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  generalizability of study findings 
B)  validity of the study findings 
C)  the differences arising during the study arise from the intervention as opposed to population characteristics 
D)  real world, clinical significance 
A)  generalizability of study findings 
B)  validity of the study findings 
C)  the differences arising during the study arise from the intervention as opposed to population characteristics 
D)  real world, clinical significance

Question 16

What are the major features of preventive medicine? Briefly describe each.

Accepted Answer

The major features of preventi

Question 17

Screening and early detection programs typically yield mixed results.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The results of an experimental study can only be properly applied to a population that is like the study's population in every relevant respect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Cross-sectional studies have a serious weakness associated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  recall bias 
B)  the temporal order of associated variables 
C)  sample size 
D)  randomization 
A)  recall bias 
B)  the temporal order of associated variables 
C)  sample size 
D)  randomization

Question 20

What are the main strengths and weaknesses of cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies?

Accepted Answer

The main strengths and weaknesses of cro

Confusing modifying risk to changing a clinically relevant outcome is a major problem in clinical medicine.

The health care system is relevant to all health needs of Canadians.

The health care system isn't about health, but rather disease management.

Describe three public health measures. Explain why they are considered "public health" in terms of their aims.

An experimental study attempts to discern ________.

"Herd immunity" works because the probability of a susceptible person encountering a contagious one goes down as the proportion of people immune to the infection goes up.

Why are we confronted by so many contradictory research findings regarding diet, nutrition, and health?

A large, well-conducted study showed that 12 hours of regular moderate intensity exercise per week is associated with a 20 per cent reduction in coronary heart disease. We can correctly infer that ________.

In Canada, _________

The following statement about research methods is TRUE: ________.

The two main classes of research studies are ________.

Why might cancer screening and early treatment not yield improved health outcomes?

________ is NOT a problem for achieving successful medical treatment.

"Informal care" refers to _________

Randomization of a sufficiently large study population into an experimental population (group) and a control population (group) is necessary to ensure ________.

What are the major features of preventive medicine? Briefly describe each.

Screening and early detection programs typically yield mixed results.

The results of an experimental study can only be properly applied to a population that is like the study's population in every relevant respect.

Cross-sectional studies have a serious weakness associated with ________.

What are the main strengths and weaknesses of cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies?

Introduction: The Conventional Understanding of Health and Its Alternative

Thinking About Individual and Population Health

Population Health and Social Epidemiology

Income, Inequality, and Health

Childhood and the Transition to Adulthood

Gender and Health

Social Support, Social Capital, Social Exclusion, and Racism

Health of Indigenous Peoples

Employment, Working Conditions, and Health

Housing and Neighbourhood

Food, Food Insecurity, Nutrition, Obesity, and Health

The Environment and Health New

Social Patterning of Behaviour

The Politics of Population Health

Understanding Social Determinants of Health

Filters

Exam 3: Health Care Services and Health Research Methods New

Confusing modifying risk to changing a clinically relevant outcome is a major problem in clinical medicine.

The health care system is relevant to all health needs of Canadians.

The health care system isn't about health, but rather disease management.

Describe three public health measures. Explain why they are considered "public health" in terms of their aims.

An experimental study attempts to discern ________.

"Herd immunity" works because the probability of a susceptible person encountering a contagious one goes down as the proportion of people immune to the infection goes up.

Why are we confronted by so many contradictory research findings regarding diet, nutrition, and health?

A large, well-conducted study showed that 12 hours of regular moderate intensity exercise per week is associated with a 20 per cent reduction in coronary heart disease. We can correctly infer that ________.

In Canada, _________

The following statement about research methods is TRUE: ________.

The two main classes of research studies are ________.

Why might cancer screening and early treatment not yield improved health outcomes?

________ is NOT a problem for achieving successful medical treatment.

"Informal care" refers to _________

Randomization of a sufficiently large study population into an experimental population (group) and a control population (group) is necessary to ensure ________.

What are the major features of preventive medicine? Briefly describe each.

Screening and early detection programs typically yield mixed results.

The results of an experimental study can only be properly applied to a population that is like the study's population in every relevant respect.

Cross-sectional studies have a serious weakness associated with ________.

What are the main strengths and weaknesses of cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies?

Introduction: The Conventional Understanding of Health and Its Alternative

Thinking About Individual and Population Health

Population Health and Social Epidemiology

Income, Inequality, and Health

Childhood and the Transition to Adulthood

Gender and Health

Social Support, Social Capital, Social Exclusion, and Racism

Health of Indigenous Peoples

Employment, Working Conditions, and Health

Housing and Neighbourhood

Food, Food Insecurity, Nutrition, Obesity, and Health

The Environment and Health New

Social Patterning of Behaviour

The Politics of Population Health

Understanding Social Determinants of Health

Filters