Question 1

According to the psychosocial perspective, the pathway from income inequality starts from ________ and ends in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative emotions; chronic stress 
B)  antisocial behaviour; chronic stress 
C)  perception of place in social hierarchy; poor health 
D)  poor health; antisocial behaviour 
A)  negative emotions; chronic stress 
B)  antisocial behaviour; chronic stress 
C)  perception of place in social hierarchy; poor health 
D)  poor health; antisocial behaviour C

Question 2

The following statement regarding income inequalities in Canada is TRUE: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  In Canada, income inequalities between the rich and the poor are smaller than in most rich countries 
B)  In Canada, income inequalities between the rich and the poor got bigger between 1990 and 2010 but are now stable (or slightly shrinking) 
C)  In Canada, income inequalities between the rich and the poor have remained stable for decades 
D)  In Canada, there are no sizeable income inequalities between the rich and the poor 
A)  In Canada, income inequalities between the rich and the poor are smaller than in most rich countries 
B)  In Canada, income inequalities between the rich and the poor got bigger between 1990 and 2010 but are now stable (or slightly shrinking) 
C)  In Canada, income inequalities between the rich and the poor have remained stable for decades 
D)  In Canada, there are no sizeable income inequalities between the rich and the poor B

Question 3

Why is income a powerful predictor of health inequalities? Describe the specific mechanisms through which income becomes a determinant of health.

Accepted Answer

The answer will include reference to income and income distribution as key features of social inequality. It should also include references to theories (materialist/psychosocial) and discuss the correlation between income and other health determinants (housing, neighbourhood, quality of diet, etc.). (p. 95)

Question 4

The problem of scale has been identified as one of the weaknesses in Wilkinson argument. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

Inequality appears to matter o

Question 5

Preston found that ________ with significant income inequality have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  poor countries; poorer health outcomes 
B)  poor countries; better health outcomes 
C)  affluent countries; poorer health outcomes 
D)  affluent countries; better health outcomes 
A)  poor countries; poorer health outcomes 
B)  poor countries; better health outcomes 
C)  affluent countries; poorer health outcomes 
D)  affluent countries; better health outcomes

Question 6

A measure of income inequality in which 0 represents perfect equality and 1 represents perfect inequality is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Robin Hood index 
B)  LICO index 
C)  GNP index 
D)  GINI index 
A)  Robin Hood index 
B)  LICO index 
C)  GNP index 
D)  GINI index

Question 7

According to Wilkinson, stress is primarily an emotional response with few significant physiological effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Overall, psychosocial theories, at least at the population level, do not square well with the available evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The works of Dr Gerry Rodgers (1979) showed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation between infant mortality rates and the country-level income inequality measures 
B)  correlation between stress and social cohesion 
C)  that gender is an important social determinant of health 
D)  that reduction in inequality correlates with longer disability-free lifespans for older adults 
A)  correlation between infant mortality rates and the country-level income inequality measures 
B)  correlation between stress and social cohesion 
C)  that gender is an important social determinant of health 
D)  that reduction in inequality correlates with longer disability-free lifespans for older adults

Question 10

What is residualism? Describe and give an example.

Accepted Answer

Residualism is the view that a

Question 11

A score of 1 in a GINI coefficient means that income is perfectly and evenly distributed among the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The neo-materialist position ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  focuses on individuals' perceptions of social inequalities 
B)  is a multi-level perspective that analyzes the impact of social structures, processes, and public goods distribution on health of individuals 
C)  is based on Wilkinson's arguments 
D)  relies heavily on recent findings in primatology and neurology 
A)  focuses on individuals' perceptions of social inequalities 
B)  is a multi-level perspective that analyzes the impact of social structures, processes, and public goods distribution on health of individuals 
C)  is based on Wilkinson's arguments 
D)  relies heavily on recent findings in primatology and neurology

Question 13

Residualism arises from underlying liberal values of individualism, personal liberty, respect for private property, non-interference, and personal responsibility for one's own life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The health gradient is a universal feature of affluent societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Progressive income taxes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the income for richer people and decrease income and other resources for poorer people 
B)  change the social status of people in society and their social ranking 
C)  reduce the income of richer people and increase income and other resources for poorer ones 
D)  change social rank order 
A)  increase the income for richer people and decrease income and other resources for poorer people 
B)  change the social status of people in society and their social ranking 
C)  reduce the income of richer people and increase income and other resources for poorer ones 
D)  change social rank order

Question 16

The following statement regarding liberal regime countries is FALSE: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Compared to other liberal regime countries, the United States has a poor record in providing access to affordable health care services to its population 
B)  Compared to other liberal regime countries, Canada has the most progressive policies for redistribution of income and reduction of income inequalities among its population 
C)  The social democratic regime countries if Northern Europe are more successful in redistributing income and other health-relevant resources than liberal regime countries 
D)  Many taxes and benefits provided by liberal regime governments are not progressive 
A)  Compared to other liberal regime countries, the United States has a poor record in providing access to affordable health care services to its population 
B)  Compared to other liberal regime countries, Canada has the most progressive policies for redistribution of income and reduction of income inequalities among its population 
C)  The social democratic regime countries if Northern Europe are more successful in redistributing income and other health-relevant resources than liberal regime countries 
D)  Many taxes and benefits provided by liberal regime governments are not progressive

Question 17

All of the following are identified as weaknesses in Wilkinson's synthesis, EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  problem of scale 
B)  problem of inconsistent correlation 
C)  problem with animal models 
D)  problem with plausible biological pathway 
A)  problem of scale 
B)  problem of inconsistent correlation 
C)  problem with animal models 
D)  problem with plausible biological pathway

Question 18

Neo-materialist theorists brought ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  income inequality into the theoretical framework 
B)  income threshold effects and neighbourhood variables into the analysis 
C)  psychosocial variables together with materialist ones 
D)  attention to the fact that Canada is more unequal than the United States 
A)  income inequality into the theoretical framework 
B)  income threshold effects and neighbourhood variables into the analysis 
C)  psychosocial variables together with materialist ones 
D)  attention to the fact that Canada is more unequal than the United States

Question 19

What is the Preston curve and what does it represent?

Accepted Answer

The Preston curve demonstrates the curvi

Question 20

Canadian researchers Hou and Myles (2005) found ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  that poorer people living among richer people benefit from inequality at the local level 
B)  that poorer people living among richer people experience poorer health because bigger gaps exist between richer and poorer 
C)  a strong association between neighbourhood inequality and health 
D)  no association between household income and health 
A)  that poorer people living among richer people benefit from inequality at the local level 
B)  that poorer people living among richer people experience poorer health because bigger gaps exist between richer and poorer 
C)  a strong association between neighbourhood inequality and health 
D)  no association between household income and health

According to the psychosocial perspective, the pathway from income inequality starts from and ends in .

The following statement regarding income inequalities in Canada is TRUE: ________.

Why is income a powerful predictor of health inequalities? Describe the specific mechanisms through which income becomes a determinant of health.

The problem of scale has been identified as one of the weaknesses in Wilkinson argument. What does this mean?

Preston found that with significant income inequality have .

A measure of income inequality in which 0 represents perfect equality and 1 represents perfect inequality is called the ________.

According to Wilkinson, stress is primarily an emotional response with few significant physiological effects.

Overall, psychosocial theories, at least at the population level, do not square well with the available evidence.

The works of Dr Gerry Rodgers (1979) showed ________.

What is residualism? Describe and give an example.

A score of 1 in a GINI coefficient means that income is perfectly and evenly distributed among the population.

The neo-materialist position ________.

Residualism arises from underlying liberal values of individualism, personal liberty, respect for private property, non-interference, and personal responsibility for one's own life.

The health gradient is a universal feature of affluent societies.

Progressive income taxes ________.

The following statement regarding liberal regime countries is FALSE: ________.

All of the following are identified as weaknesses in Wilkinson's synthesis, EXCEPT ________.

Neo-materialist theorists brought ________.

What is the Preston curve and what does it represent?

Canadian researchers Hou and Myles (2005) found ________.

Introduction: The Conventional Understanding of Health and Its Alternative

Thinking About Individual and Population Health

Health Care Services and Health Research Methods New

Population Health and Social Epidemiology

Childhood and the Transition to Adulthood

Gender and Health

Social Support, Social Capital, Social Exclusion, and Racism

Health of Indigenous Peoples

Employment, Working Conditions, and Health

Housing and Neighbourhood

Food, Food Insecurity, Nutrition, Obesity, and Health

The Environment and Health New

Social Patterning of Behaviour

The Politics of Population Health

Understanding Social Determinants of Health

Filters

Exam 5: Income, Inequality, and Health

According to the psychosocial perspective, the pathway from income inequality starts from ________ and ends in ________.

The following statement regarding income inequalities in Canada is TRUE: ________.

Why is income a powerful predictor of health inequalities? Describe the specific mechanisms through which income becomes a determinant of health.

The problem of scale has been identified as one of the weaknesses in Wilkinson argument. What does this mean?

Preston found that ________ with significant income inequality have ________.

A measure of income inequality in which 0 represents perfect equality and 1 represents perfect inequality is called the ________.

According to Wilkinson, stress is primarily an emotional response with few significant physiological effects.

Overall, psychosocial theories, at least at the population level, do not square well with the available evidence.

The works of Dr Gerry Rodgers (1979) showed ________.

What is residualism? Describe and give an example.

A score of 1 in a GINI coefficient means that income is perfectly and evenly distributed among the population.

The neo-materialist position ________.

Residualism arises from underlying liberal values of individualism, personal liberty, respect for private property, non-interference, and personal responsibility for one's own life.

The health gradient is a universal feature of affluent societies.

Progressive income taxes ________.

The following statement regarding liberal regime countries is FALSE: ________.

All of the following are identified as weaknesses in Wilkinson's synthesis, EXCEPT ________.

Neo-materialist theorists brought ________.

What is the Preston curve and what does it represent?

Canadian researchers Hou and Myles (2005) found ________.

Introduction: The Conventional Understanding of Health and Its Alternative

Thinking About Individual and Population Health

Health Care Services and Health Research Methods New

Population Health and Social Epidemiology

Childhood and the Transition to Adulthood

Gender and Health

Social Support, Social Capital, Social Exclusion, and Racism

Health of Indigenous Peoples

Employment, Working Conditions, and Health

Housing and Neighbourhood

Food, Food Insecurity, Nutrition, Obesity, and Health

The Environment and Health New

Social Patterning of Behaviour

The Politics of Population Health

Understanding Social Determinants of Health

Filters

According to the psychosocial perspective, the pathway from income inequality starts from and ends in .

Preston found that with significant income inequality have .