Exam 11: Behaviorism 1892-1956

In his work Human Learning Thorndike applied his S-R associations to all learning. Which of the following was one of his arguments?

Which aspect of Hull's theorizing had the greatest influence?

Which of the following is NOT one of Skinner's contingencies of reinforcement?

Sketch out a Tolman-Honzlk rat maze. Explain how this maze tests the difference predictions between the battling theories of Tolman vs. Hull. The results tended to support which theory? Who had more influence on psychology and why?

Skinner's operant methodology included placing an organism in a space and reinforcing a behavior that it may make at any time. Yet, for Skinner the basic datum of analysis was:

Skinner said that Freud had one great insight into human behavior and that was:

One reason given by Wittgenstein for concluding that sensations such as pains are not mental objects is that:

In contrast to the wide spread belief in the inner cause of behavior, Skinner emphasized external variables, characterizing a person, or any behaving organism as a(n):

Explain Skinner's views of human language and demonstrate how his view represents his treatment of consciousness?

Box 11.1 "J. B. Watson, Modernism in Person" suggests that Watson's paper "Psychology as the behaviorist views it" was a manifesto. Why was it a manifesto?

According to Skinner, when I say "I am leaving the party" I am:

Mills and later Kohler criticized Thorndike's puzzle box research, by arguing____.

Using the findings from his puzzle box research, Thorndike argued that animals:

According to the philosophical analyses of Ludwig Wittgenstein:

In contrast to Hull's associative theory of learning, Tolman asserted his concept of the:

In 1951, Karl Lashley criticized the S-R chaining theory of complex behavior because it:

Why did Thorndike scorn the anecdotal method uses by comparative psychology and how did his use of "puzzle boxes" support his argument that animals do not reason? What criticism did Mills and later Kohler make against Thorndike's puzzle box and the findings it produced?

Skinner rejected the existence of inner causes of behavior, a widespread belief he called the concept of:

Clark Hull wanted to explain behavior in terms of:

Imagine an experiment by Tolman in which he measures how fast Norwegian rats run down a runway for different sizes of food pellets. Using Tolman's ideas, match the description of the intervening variable to one of the terms listed below from the experiment: