Question 1

Describe the ambiguous relationship between Freud and academic, experimental, psychology.

Accepted Answer

The relationship between Freud and academic, experimental psychology is ambiguous and complex. On one hand, Freud's theories and methods have had a significant impact on the development of psychology as a discipline. His emphasis on the unconscious mind, the role of early childhood experiences, and the importance of psychoanalysis as a therapeutic approach have influenced many areas of psychology.

However, Freud's work has also been heavily criticized by academic and experimental psychologists. Many of his theories, such as the Oedipus complex and the psychosexual stages, have been difficult to test and validate using experimental methods. Additionally, Freud's reliance on case studies and clinical observations, rather than empirical evidence, has been a point of contention for many in the field of academic psychology.

Despite these criticisms, Freud's ideas continue to be influential in psychology, and his impact on the field cannot be denied. The relationship between Freud and academic, experimental psychology is therefore characterized by a mixture of influence and skepticism, with his ideas continuing to be a source of debate and discussion within the discipline.

Question 2

According to Box 9.1 on "The Party of Suspicion," Marx, Nietzsche and Freud have bequeathed us all something. That something is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  positivism 
B)  knowledge, respect and trust in our society and culture. 
C)  paranoia 
D)  hysteria 
A)  positivism 
B)  knowledge, respect and trust in our society and culture. 
C)  paranoia 
D)  hysteria C

Question 3

The historical relationship between Freud and Psychology has been summarized by the statement, "Freud is inescapable". Explain why the word inescapable seems to characterize this uneasy relationship?

Accepted Answer

The word "inescapable" characterizes the historical relationship between Freud and psychology because Freud's theories and ideas have had a profound and lasting impact on the field of psychology. Despite the controversies and criticisms surrounding his work, Freud's influence is undeniable and continues to shape the way we understand and approach psychological phenomena.

Freud's concepts, such as the unconscious mind, defense mechanisms, and psychosexual development, have become deeply ingrained in the fabric of psychology. Even as the field has evolved and diversified, Freud's ideas continue to be referenced, critiqued, and integrated into contemporary psychological theories and practices.

Furthermore, Freud's influence extends beyond academic psychology and into popular culture, where his ideas have permeated literature, film, and everyday language. The enduring presence of Freudian concepts in both academic and popular discourse underscores the inescapable nature of his impact on psychology.

Additionally, the word "inescapable" also captures the tension and unease that characterizes Freud's relationship with psychology. While his work has been influential, it has also been the subject of intense debate and criticism. Freud's theories have been challenged on empirical, methodological, and ethical grounds, and his legacy is marked by ongoing controversies and reevaluations.

In this sense, the word "inescapable" suggests that Freud's influence on psychology is both pervasive and contentious, shaping the field in ways that are impossible to ignore or fully reconcile. Despite the complexities and contradictions inherent in Freud's legacy, his impact on psychology remains inescapable, leaving a lasting imprint on the discipline.

Question 4

Freud's attitude to experimental testing of psychoanalysis was that:

Accepted Answer

A)  in the long run, only experimental proof would make psychoanalysis into a genuine science 
B)  it was an important adjunct to therapeutic success 
C)  it was not needed; at best it could do no harm 
D)  should be pursued by psychoanalysts along with their therapeutic work 
A)  in the long run, only experimental proof would make psychoanalysis into a genuine science 
B)  it was an important adjunct to therapeutic success 
C)  it was not needed; at best it could do no harm 
D)  should be pursued by psychoanalysts along with their therapeutic work

Question 5

Modern historical commentators think that 19th century "hysteria" was:

Accepted Answer

A)  A set of diseases that then could not be diagnosed, such as focal epilepsy 
B)  a dumping ground for symptoms not easily classifiable into existing disease categories 
C)  a socially constructed behavioral role 
D)  all of the above 
A)  A set of diseases that then could not be diagnosed, such as focal epilepsy 
B)  a dumping ground for symptoms not easily classifiable into existing disease categories 
C)  a socially constructed behavioral role 
D)  all of the above

Question 6

Although he did not say so explicitly, modern historical commentators believe that when Freud came to doubt his early patients' stories of sexual abuse, he feared that:

Accepted Answer

A)  this meant that psychoanalysis could not be a science 
B)  he was a poor therapist 
C)  his friend Fliess' ideas about childhood sexuality were mistaken 
D)  he had hallucinated the stories under the influence of cocaine 
A)  this meant that psychoanalysis could not be a science 
B)  he was a poor therapist 
C)  his friend Fliess' ideas about childhood sexuality were mistaken 
D)  he had hallucinated the stories under the influence of cocaine

Question 7

According to Freudian Marxists, citizens in a bourgeois state and neurotics are alike in that both:

Accepted Answer

A)  possess false consciousness about the causes of their behavior 
B)  exhibit neurotic symptoms 
C)  can be cured with psychoanalysis 
D)  suffer from nerve poisoning - the former from pollution, the latter from neurosis 
A)  possess false consciousness about the causes of their behavior 
B)  exhibit neurotic symptoms 
C)  can be cured with psychoanalysis 
D)  suffer from nerve poisoning - the former from pollution, the latter from neurosis

Question 8

The Victorians of Freud's time were caught between conscience and compelling temptation, so what did Freud mean when he suggested that the most common cause of impotence was the inability of men to love where they lusted and lust where they loved?

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanaly

Question 9

Describe three reasons for Freud's emphasis on sex.

Accepted Answer

Freud's emphasis on sex can be attribute

Question 10

Freud argued that religion is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the final stage of adult development, demonstrating reason and logic. 
B)  a massive attempt at wish fulfillment. 
C)  humans greatest and most worthy social achievement. 
D)  none of these 
A)  the final stage of adult development, demonstrating reason and logic. 
B)  a massive attempt at wish fulfillment. 
C)  humans greatest and most worthy social achievement. 
D)  none of these

Question 11

According to Freud's Three Essays on Sexuality, sexual perversions are:

Accepted Answer

A)  innate in everyone (i.e., everyone has the capacity to become homosexual) 
B)  learned through associative (Pavlovian) conditioning (i.e., homosexuality has no biological basis at all, but is learned) 
C)  caused be specific genes (i.e., there is a gene for homosexuality) 
D)  socially constructed fictions (i.e., homosexuality exists only in cultures which have the social category "homosexual") 
A)  innate in everyone (i.e., everyone has the capacity to become homosexual) 
B)  learned through associative (Pavlovian) conditioning (i.e., homosexuality has no biological basis at all, but is learned) 
C)  caused be specific genes (i.e., there is a gene for homosexuality) 
D)  socially constructed fictions (i.e., homosexuality exists only in cultures which have the social category "homosexual")

Question 12

In a theory later developed by Freud, Charcot suggested that hysteria:

Accepted Answer

A)  was caused by psychological traumas converted into hysterical symptoms 
B)  did not exist, but was a diagnosis used to conceal physician's ignorance 
C)  could not be affected by hypnosis 
D)  was a convenient label used to lock up political deviants in mental hospital 
A)  was caused by psychological traumas converted into hysterical symptoms 
B)  did not exist, but was a diagnosis used to conceal physician's ignorance 
C)  could not be affected by hypnosis 
D)  was a convenient label used to lock up political deviants in mental hospital

Question 13

In his Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Freud viewed aggression as:

Accepted Answer

A)  occurring only when some other, innate, drive is thwarted 
B)  an innate part of human, but not animal, nature 
C)  an innate part of animal and human nature 
D)  a result of Western repression of sexuality 
A)  occurring only when some other, innate, drive is thwarted 
B)  an innate part of human, but not animal, nature 
C)  an innate part of animal and human nature 
D)  a result of Western repression of sexuality

Question 14

Scholars have suggested three blows to human self-esteem with one of them being Freud's psychoanalysis. Freud claimed it was ___________that delivered the blow to human self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)  his work on the effective use of hypnosis 
B)  his demonstrating that humans were sexual creatures 
C)  the idea that all psychological problems have a root cause in childhood 
D)  his demonstrating that the human ego is not master in its own house 
A)  his work on the effective use of hypnosis 
B)  his demonstrating that humans were sexual creatures 
C)  the idea that all psychological problems have a root cause in childhood 
D)  his demonstrating that the human ego is not master in its own house

Question 15

Freud emphasized sex in his theory because:

Accepted Answer

A)  many of his patients suffered from problems handling their sexual desires 
B)  since he thought humans had no "higher" motives, he needed to explain activities such as art and science as redirected sexual impulses 
C)  it provided a biological foundation for his theorizing after he gave up the "Project for a Scientific Psychology" 
D)  all of the above 
A)  many of his patients suffered from problems handling their sexual desires 
B)  since he thought humans had no "higher" motives, he needed to explain activities such as art and science as redirected sexual impulses 
C)  it provided a biological foundation for his theorizing after he gave up the "Project for a Scientific Psychology" 
D)  all of the above

Question 16

The "unconscious" may be defined in several ways. Which of the following definitions would have been most acceptable to Freud's contemporary psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  The unconscious just describes the fact that some things are conscious while others are not 
B)  The unconscious is a mental place where ideas go when they are not in consciousness 
C)  The unconscious contains dangerous repressed wishes and ideas 
D)  The unconscious is a mental system with its own aims and logic 
A)  The unconscious just describes the fact that some things are conscious while others are not 
B)  The unconscious is a mental place where ideas go when they are not in consciousness 
C)  The unconscious contains dangerous repressed wishes and ideas 
D)  The unconscious is a mental system with its own aims and logic

Question 17

In Freud's theory of dreams, dreams are "regressive" because they involve:

Accepted Answer

A)  age regression to childhood modes of thinking 
B)  movement of neural impulses from the unconscious not "progressively" toward motor discharge as behavior, but "regressively" toward the sensory system 
C)  expression of primitive "regressive" drives rather than civilized "sublimated" drives 
D)  are pure expressions of the regressive "repetition compulsion 
A)  age regression to childhood modes of thinking 
B)  movement of neural impulses from the unconscious not "progressively" toward motor discharge as behavior, but "regressively" toward the sensory system 
C)  expression of primitive "regressive" drives rather than civilized "sublimated" drives 
D)  are pure expressions of the regressive "repetition compulsion

Question 18

What are three reasons for the disappearance of hysteria as a psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

There are several reasons for the disapp

Question 19

Around 1900, most psychologists, including William James and Franz Brentano, took which of the following attitudes to the unconscious?

Accepted Answer

A)  The psychological unconscious existed, but Freud's notion of repression was mistaken. 
B)  There was no psychological unconscious, only unconscious brain processes. 
C)  The idea of the psychological unconscious was becoming a necessary hypothesis. 
D)  Mentalistic theories, whether about the conscious or the unconscious, should be replaced with behavioral theories. 
A)  The psychological unconscious existed, but Freud's notion of repression was mistaken. 
B)  There was no psychological unconscious, only unconscious brain processes. 
C)  The idea of the psychological unconscious was becoming a necessary hypothesis. 
D)  Mentalistic theories, whether about the conscious or the unconscious, should be replaced with behavioral theories.

Question 20

Should Freud be considered part of the Party of Suspicion along with Marx and Nietzsche? Defend your answer.

Accepted Answer

Freud should be considered part of the P

Describe the ambiguous relationship between Freud and academic, experimental, psychology.

According to Box 9.1 on "The Party of Suspicion," Marx, Nietzsche and Freud have bequeathed us all something. That something is _____.

The historical relationship between Freud and Psychology has been summarized by the statement, "Freud is inescapable". Explain why the word inescapable seems to characterize this uneasy relationship?

Freud's attitude to experimental testing of psychoanalysis was that:

Modern historical commentators think that 19^th century "hysteria" was:

Although he did not say so explicitly, modern historical commentators believe that when Freud came to doubt his early patients' stories of sexual abuse, he feared that:

According to Freudian Marxists, citizens in a bourgeois state and neurotics are alike in that both:

The Victorians of Freud's time were caught between conscience and compelling temptation, so what did Freud mean when he suggested that the most common cause of impotence was the inability of men to love where they lusted and lust where they loved?

Describe three reasons for Freud's emphasis on sex.

Freud argued that religion is:

According to Freud's Three Essays on Sexuality, sexual perversions are:

In a theory later developed by Freud, Charcot suggested that hysteria:

In his Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Freud viewed aggression as:

Scholars have suggested three blows to human self-esteem with one of them being Freud's psychoanalysis. Freud claimed it was ___________that delivered the blow to human self-esteem.

Freud emphasized sex in his theory because:

The "unconscious" may be defined in several ways. Which of the following definitions would have been most acceptable to Freud's contemporary psychologists?

In Freud's theory of dreams, dreams are "regressive" because they involve:

What are three reasons for the disappearance of hysteria as a psychological disorder?

Around 1900, most psychologists, including William James and Franz Brentano, took which of the following attitudes to the unconscious?

Should Freud be considered part of the Party of Suspicion along with Marx and Nietzsche? Defend your answer.

Introduction

The Legacy of Ancient Greece Eea-323 Bce

Antiquity 323 Bce-1000 Ce

The End of the Premodern World 1000-1600 Ce

The Scientific Revolution

The Enlightenment 1700-1815

The Ascent of Science 1815-1914

The Psychology of Consciousness

The Psychology of Adaptation

Behaviorism 1892-1956

Cognitive Science 1956-2016

The Rise of Applied Psychology 1892-1939

The Psychological Society 1940-2016

Filters

Exam 9: The Psychology of the Unconscious

Describe the ambiguous relationship between Freud and academic, experimental, psychology.

According to Box 9.1 on "The Party of Suspicion," Marx, Nietzsche and Freud have bequeathed us all something. That something is _____.

The historical relationship between Freud and Psychology has been summarized by the statement, "Freud is inescapable". Explain why the word inescapable seems to characterize this uneasy relationship?

Freud's attitude to experimental testing of psychoanalysis was that:

Modern historical commentators think that 19th century "hysteria" was:

Although he did not say so explicitly, modern historical commentators believe that when Freud came to doubt his early patients' stories of sexual abuse, he feared that:

According to Freudian Marxists, citizens in a bourgeois state and neurotics are alike in that both:

The Victorians of Freud's time were caught between conscience and compelling temptation, so what did Freud mean when he suggested that the most common cause of impotence was the inability of men to love where they lusted and lust where they loved?

Describe three reasons for Freud's emphasis on sex.

Freud argued that religion is:

According to Freud's Three Essays on Sexuality, sexual perversions are:

In a theory later developed by Freud, Charcot suggested that hysteria:

In his Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Freud viewed aggression as:

Scholars have suggested three blows to human self-esteem with one of them being Freud's psychoanalysis. Freud claimed it was ___________that delivered the blow to human self-esteem.

Freud emphasized sex in his theory because:

The "unconscious" may be defined in several ways. Which of the following definitions would have been most acceptable to Freud's contemporary psychologists?

In Freud's theory of dreams, dreams are "regressive" because they involve:

What are three reasons for the disappearance of hysteria as a psychological disorder?

Around 1900, most psychologists, including William James and Franz Brentano, took which of the following attitudes to the unconscious?

Should Freud be considered part of the Party of Suspicion along with Marx and Nietzsche? Defend your answer.

Introduction

The Legacy of Ancient Greece Eea-323 Bce

Antiquity 323 Bce-1000 Ce

The End of the Premodern World 1000-1600 Ce

The Scientific Revolution

The Enlightenment 1700-1815

The Ascent of Science 1815-1914

The Psychology of Consciousness

The Psychology of Adaptation

Behaviorism 1892-1956

Cognitive Science 1956-2016

The Rise of Applied Psychology 1892-1939

The Psychological Society 1940-2016

Filters

Modern historical commentators think that 19^th century "hysteria" was: