A researcher computes a moderated regression model and finds the following. Describe what the interaction term represents (e.g., which terms are interacting), and interpret the interaction. ************************************************************************** Model : 1 Y : MATH X : SCIENCE W : READING Sample Size: 1210 ************************************************************************** OUTCOME VARIABLE: MATH $\begin{array}{l} \text { Model Summary }\\ \begin{array}{rrrrrrrr} R & R-s q & \text { MSE } & \text { F (HC4) } & \text { df1 } & \text { df2 } &P \\ .7050 & .4971 & 135.7397 & 323.8703 & 3.0000 & 1206.0000 & .0000 \end{array} \end{array}$ $\text { Model }$ $\begin{array}{lrrrrrr} & \text { Coeff } & \text { Se (HC4) } & t & p & \text { LLCI } & \text { ULCI } \\ & & & & & & \\ \text { constant } & 31.1829 & 31.4492 & .9915 & .3216 & -30.5183 & 92.8840 \\ \text { SCIENCE } & .9186 & .3579 & 2.5668 & .0104 & .2165 & 1.6207 \\ \text { READING } & .2803 & .1730 & 1.6205 & .1054 & -.0591 & .6197 \\ \text { Int\_1 } & -.0010 & .0019 & -.5006 & .6168 & -.0048 & .0028 \end{array}$ Product terms key: $\text { Int\_ } 1: \text { SCIENCE } \mathrm{x} \text { READING }$ $\text { Test (s) of highest order unconditional interaction (s): }$ $\begin{array}{rrrrr} &\mathrm{R} 2-\mathrm{chng} & \mathrm{F}(\mathrm{HC} 4) & \text { df1 } & \text { df2 } & p \\ \mathrm{X} * \mathrm{~W}&.0003 & .2506 & 1.0000 & 1206.0000 & .6168 \end{array}$ $\begin{array}{r} \text { Focal predict: SCIENCE }&(X) \\ \text { Mod var: READING }&(W) \end{array}$

The interaction represents the product o

A researcher conducts a simple mediated regression to determine the extent to which reading performance mediates the relationship between time spent on homework and science performance. The researcher finds the following results. Indicate what type of mediation it is (full or partial) and interpret the coefficients for X and M. OUTCOME VARIABLE: SCIENCE $\begin{array}{l} \text { Model Summary }\\ \begin{array}{rrrrrrr} R & \text { R-sq } & \text { MSE } & \text { F (HC4) } & \text { df1 } & \text { df2 } & \text { P } \\ .6468 & .4184 & 78.5197 & 309.8067 & 2.0000 & 1207.0000 & .0000 \end{array} \end{array}$ $\begin{array}{l} \text { Model }\\ \begin{array}{lrrrrrr} & \text { coeff } & \text { se(HC4) } & t & p & \text { LLCI } & \text { ULCI } \\ \text { constant } & 19.9463 & 2.9626 & 6.7327 & .0000 & 14.1339 & 25.7588 \\ \text { HOMEWORK } & .0008 & .0248 & .0311 & .9752 & -.0479 & .0494 \\ \text { READING } & .3849 & .0155 & 24.8780 & .0000 & .3545 & .4152 \end{array} \end{array}$ $\begin{array}{ll} \text { Standardized coefficients } \\ & \text { coeff } \\ \text { HOMEWORK } & .0008 \\ \text { READING } & .6468 \end{array}$

Reading fully mediates the relationship

Exam 20: Mediation and Moderation

A researcher is examining the relationship between weight and blood pressure. The researcher believes that there may be an indirect effect of weight and blood pressure through stress. Which of the following types of models would you recommend the researcher examine?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 21

Testing that the effect of the independent variable (X) on the dependent variable (Y) is dependent on the moderating variable (W) is conducted by including which term in the moderation model?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 22

A researcher computes a moderated regression model and finds the following. Describe what the interaction term represents (e.g., which terms are interacting), and interpret the interaction. Model : 1 Y : MATH X : SCIENCE W : READING Sample Size: 1210 OUTCOME VARIABLE: MATH Model Summary R R-sq MSE F (HC4) df1 df2 P .7050 .4971 135.7397 323.8703 3.0000 1206.0000 .0000 $\text { Model }$ Coeff Se (HC4) t p LLCI ULCI constant 31.1829 31.4492 .9915 .3216 -30.5183 92.8840 SCIENCE .9186 .3579 2.5668 .0104 .2165 1.6207 READING .2803 .1730 1.6205 .1054 -.0591 .6197 Int\_1 -.0010 .0019 -.5006 .6168 -.0048 .0028 Product terms key: $\text { Int\_ } 1: \text { SCIENCE } \mathrm{x} \text { READING }$ $\text { Test (s) of highest order unconditional interaction (s): }$ 2- (4) df1 df2 p * .0003 .2506 1.0000 1206.0000 .6168 Focal predict: SCIENCE (X) Mod var: READING (W)

(Essay)

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Question 23

A researcher conducts a simple mediated regression to determine the extent to which reading performance mediates the relationship between time spent on homework and science performance. The researcher finds the following results. Indicate what type of mediation it is (full or partial) and interpret the coefficients for X and M. OUTCOME VARIABLE: SCIENCE Model Summary R R-sq MSE F (HC4) df1 df2 P .6468 .4184 78.5197 309.8067 2.0000 1207.0000 .0000 Model coeff se(HC4) t p LLCI ULCI constant 19.9463 2.9626 6.7327 .0000 14.1339 25.7588 HOMEWORK .0008 .0248 .0311 .9752 -.0479 .0494 READING .3849 .0155 24.8780 .0000 .3545 .4152 Standardized coefficients coeff HOMEWORK .0008 READING .6468

(Essay)

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Question 24

Which one of the following is not a way to examine an interaction?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 25

In a mediation model, a negative sign for the direct effect indicates which of the following?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 26

In a moderation model where X is the independent variable and W is the moderating variable, the inclusion of the interaction term (XW) is testing the effect of X on the dependent variable is conditional on W.

(True/False)

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Question 27

Which of the following will be evident in a full mediation model?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 28

Which of the following may impact power in moderated multiple regression?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 29

Which of the following represents an indirect effect in a simple mediation model?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 30

A researcher is examining the relationship between science and mathematics performance. The researcher believes that there may be an indirect effect of science on mathematics through literacy. Which of the following types of models would you recommend the researcher examine?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 31

A researcher is examining the relationship between science and mathematics performance. The researcher believes that science may interact with literacy. Which of the following types of models would you recommend the researcher examine?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 32

Which one of the following represents moderation?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 33

A researcher is examining the relationship between weight and blood pressure. The researcher believes that there may be an indirect effect of weight and blood pressure through stress. Which of the following types of models would you recommend the researcher examine?

Testing that the effect of the independent variable (X) on the dependent variable (Y) is dependent on the moderating variable (W) is conducted by including which term in the moderation model?

Which one of the following is not a way to examine an interaction?

In a mediation model, a negative sign for the direct effect indicates which of the following?

In a moderation model where X is the independent variable and W is the moderating variable, the inclusion of the interaction term (XW) is testing the effect of X on the dependent variable is conditional on W.

Which of the following will be evident in a full mediation model?

Which of the following may impact power in moderated multiple regression?

Which of the following represents an indirect effect in a simple mediation model?

A researcher is examining the relationship between science and mathematics performance. The researcher believes that there may be an indirect effect of science on mathematics through literacy. Which of the following types of models would you recommend the researcher examine?

A researcher is examining the relationship between science and mathematics performance. The researcher believes that science may interact with literacy. Which of the following types of models would you recommend the researcher examine?

Which one of the following represents moderation?

Introduction

Data Representation

Univariate Population Parameters and Sample Statistics

The Normal Distribution and Standard Scores

Introduction to Probability and Sample Statistics

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing: Inferences About a Single Mean

Inferences About the Difference Between Two Means

Inferences About Proportions

Inferences About Variances

Bivariate Measures of Association

One-Factor Anova: Fixed-Effects Mode

Multiple Comparison Procedures

Factorial Anova: Fixed-Effects Mode

One Factor Fixed-Effects Ancova With Single Covariate

Random- and Mixed-Effects Analysis of Variance Models

Hierarchical and Randomized Block Analysis of Variance Models

Simple Linear Regression

Multiple Linear Regression

Logistic Regression

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