Question 1

When a peer is in distress, children who are assertive react with

Accepted Answer

A)  lip biting. 
B)  a rise in heart rate. 
C)  an increase in EEG brain-wave activity. 
D)  sympathetic concern. 
A)  lip biting. 
B)  a rise in heart rate. 
C)  an increase in EEG brain-wave activity. 
D)  sympathetic concern.

Question 2

Conscience formation is promoted by ________ discipline.

Accepted Answer

A)  child-directed 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  permissive 
D)  inductive 
A)  child-directed 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  permissive 
D)  inductive

Question 3

Which of the following demonstrates how children's gender schemas are likely to affect memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  When shown a picture of a female wearing a dress, children may later remember her as a male. 
B)  When shown a picture of a male firefighter, children may later remember him as a female. 
C)  When shown a picture of a female cooking, children may later remember her as a male. 
D)  When shown a picture of a male nurse, children may later remember him as a doctor. 
A)  When shown a picture of a female wearing a dress, children may later remember her as a male. 
B)  When shown a picture of a male firefighter, children may later remember him as a female. 
C)  When shown a picture of a female cooking, children may later remember her as a male. 
D)  When shown a picture of a male nurse, children may later remember him as a doctor.

Question 4

If you asked 3-year-old Aidan to tell you about himself, which of the following is he most likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I have a new cat." 
B)  "I am funny." 
C)  "I am a good boy." 
D)  "I am shy." 
A)  "I have a new cat." 
B)  "I am funny." 
C)  "I am a good boy." 
D)  "I am shy."

Question 5

By age ____, children use words to evaluate their own and others' actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5

Question 6

Research on television violence indicates that violent TV

Accepted Answer

A)  strengthens hostility in highly aggressive children. 
B)  does not spark hostile thoughts and behavior in nonaggressive children. 
C)  does not cause difficulties in parent and peer relations. 
D)  makes viewers less willing to tolerate violence in others. 
A)  strengthens hostility in highly aggressive children. 
B)  does not spark hostile thoughts and behavior in nonaggressive children. 
C)  does not cause difficulties in parent and peer relations. 
D)  makes viewers less willing to tolerate violence in others.

Question 7

When Erin takes her brother's book away and makes him cry, Erin's father says, "Your brother is crying because you took his book away. Your behavior disappointed me." Erin's father is using ____________ as a means of influencing Erin.

Accepted Answer

A)  coercion 
B)  empathy-based guilt 
C)  fear of loss of parental love 
D)  shame 
A)  coercion 
B)  empathy-based guilt 
C)  fear of loss of parental love 
D)  shame

Question 8

When Francine sees a dump truck in the sandbox, she wonders, "Do I like this toy?" She then decides to play with the truck. Francine

Accepted Answer

A)  is a gender-schematic child. 
B)  is using her gender-salience filter. 
C)  is a gender-aschematic child. 
D)  has well-developed gender schemas. 
A)  is a gender-schematic child. 
B)  is using her gender-salience filter. 
C)  is a gender-aschematic child. 
D)  has well-developed gender schemas.

Question 9

Cousins Easton and Jack are both infants. Sometimes Easton watches Jack while he rolls on the floor. However, both babies engage in solitary play. This is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  parallel play. 
B)  cooperative play. 
C)  associative play. 
D)  nonsocial activity. 
A)  parallel play. 
B)  cooperative play. 
C)  associative play. 
D)  nonsocial activity.

Question 10

Models are most influential in

Accepted Answer

A)  adulthood. 
B)  adolescence. 
C)  middle childhood. 
D)  the early years. 
A)  adulthood. 
B)  adolescence. 
C)  middle childhood. 
D)  the early years.

Question 11

Most preschoolers believe that

Accepted Answer

A)  women can be police officers. 
B)  men do not wear nail polish. 
C)  women can play roughly. 
D)  men can take care of babies. 
A)  women can be police officers. 
B)  men do not wear nail polish. 
C)  women can play roughly. 
D)  men can take care of babies.

Question 12

Five-year-old Anthony and his 4-year-old sister Angela are engaged in a typical sibling dispute over a favorite chair. In order to help them gain sensitivity to their sibling's feelings, their parents should

Accepted Answer

A)  intervene with reasoning and negotiating. 
B)  let them work through the dispute on their own, intervening only if there are tears involved. 
C)  settle the dispute by making the children each take a turn in the chair for a set amount of time. 
D)  totally ignore the dispute. 
A)  intervene with reasoning and negotiating. 
B)  let them work through the dispute on their own, intervening only if there are tears involved. 
C)  settle the dispute by making the children each take a turn in the chair for a set amount of time. 
D)  totally ignore the dispute.

Question 13

By middle childhood, children who hold flexible beliefs about what boys and girls can do are

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to engage in antisocial behavior. 
B)  less likely to pursue nontraditional interests and activities. 
C)  are more likely to notice instances of gender discrimination. 
D)  less likely to live in nontraditional homes. 
A)  more likely to engage in antisocial behavior. 
B)  less likely to pursue nontraditional interests and activities. 
C)  are more likely to notice instances of gender discrimination. 
D)  less likely to live in nontraditional homes.

Question 14

Children who get along well with agemates tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  request an explanation when they do not understand a peer's behavior. 
B)  attend selectively to social cues. 
C)  hover around peers' activities. 
D)  barge into play groups without asking. 
A)  request an explanation when they do not understand a peer's behavior. 
B)  attend selectively to social cues. 
C)  hover around peers' activities. 
D)  barge into play groups without asking.

Question 15

Research on punishment shows that spanking is

Accepted Answer

A)  associated with a rise in behavior problems regardless of the parents' child-rearing style. 
B)  viewed by most Caucasian-American children as a practice carried out with their best interests in mind. 
C)  associated with a rise in behavior problems if parents are cold and rejecting but not if they are warm and supportive. 
D)  a more effective form of discipline than time out and withdrawal of privileges. 
A)  associated with a rise in behavior problems regardless of the parents' child-rearing style. 
B)  viewed by most Caucasian-American children as a practice carried out with their best interests in mind. 
C)  associated with a rise in behavior problems if parents are cold and rejecting but not if they are warm and supportive. 
D)  a more effective form of discipline than time out and withdrawal of privileges.

Question 16

The most effective forms of discipline encourage good conduct by

Accepted Answer

A)  only punishing children for severe misconduct. 
B)  warning children that they will be punished if they act immaturely. 
C)  letting children know ahead of time how to act. 
D)  combining firm intervention with a temporary withdrawal of affection. 
A)  only punishing children for severe misconduct. 
B)  warning children that they will be punished if they act immaturely. 
C)  letting children know ahead of time how to act. 
D)  combining firm intervention with a temporary withdrawal of affection.

Question 17

According to research on cultural variations in personal storytelling, which of the following self-descriptions is most likely to come from a Chinese child?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I do lots of puzzles." 
B)  "I like pigs." 
C)  "I am really smart." 
D)  "I help my sister wash dishes." 
A)  "I do lots of puzzles." 
B)  "I like pigs." 
C)  "I am really smart." 
D)  "I help my sister wash dishes."

Question 18

According to the psychoanalytic perspective, ________ leads to the formation of the conscience and moral behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  the emergence of the reality principle 
B)  avoidance of guilt 
C)  identification with the other-sex parent 
D)  repression of sexual longings for the mother or father 
A)  the emergence of the reality principle 
B)  avoidance of guilt 
C)  identification with the other-sex parent 
D)  repression of sexual longings for the mother or father

Question 19

Children from 4 to 7 years old regard friendship as

Accepted Answer

A)  an understanding of thoughts and feelings. 
B)  pleasurable play and sharing of toys. 
C)  based on mutual trust. 
D)  long-term and enduring. 
A)  an understanding of thoughts and feelings. 
B)  pleasurable play and sharing of toys. 
C)  based on mutual trust. 
D)  long-term and enduring.

Question 20

When parents repeatedly comment on the worth of a child and his or her performance, that child experiences

Accepted Answer

A)  less shame after failure. 
B)  less pride after success. 
C)  no self-conscious emotions. 
D)  self-conscious emotions intensely. 
A)  less shame after failure. 
B)  less pride after success. 
C)  no self-conscious emotions. 
D)  self-conscious emotions intensely.

When a peer is in distress, children who are assertive react with

Conscience formation is promoted by ________ discipline.

Which of the following demonstrates how children's gender schemas are likely to affect memory?

If you asked 3-year-old Aidan to tell you about himself, which of the following is he most likely to say?

By age ____, children use words to evaluate their own and others' actions.

Research on television violence indicates that violent TV

When Erin takes her brother's book away and makes him cry, Erin's father says, "Your brother is crying because you took his book away. Your behavior disappointed me." Erin's father is using ____________ as a means of influencing Erin.

When Francine sees a dump truck in the sandbox, she wonders, "Do I like this toy?" She then decides to play with the truck. Francine

Cousins Easton and Jack are both infants. Sometimes Easton watches Jack while he rolls on the floor. However, both babies engage in solitary play. This is known as

Models are most influential in

Most preschoolers believe that

Five-year-old Anthony and his 4-year-old sister Angela are engaged in a typical sibling dispute over a favorite chair. In order to help them gain sensitivity to their sibling's feelings, their parents should

By middle childhood, children who hold flexible beliefs about what boys and girls can do are

Children who get along well with agemates tend to

Research on punishment shows that spanking is

The most effective forms of discipline encourage good conduct by

According to research on cultural variations in personal storytelling, which of the following self-descriptions is most likely to come from a Chinese child?

According to the psychoanalytic perspective, ________ leads to the formation of the conscience and moral behavior.

Children from 4 to 7 years old regard friendship as

When parents repeatedly comment on the worth of a child and his or her performance, that child experiences

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

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Exam 10: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

When a peer is in distress, children who are assertive react with

Conscience formation is promoted by ________ discipline.

Which of the following demonstrates how children's gender schemas are likely to affect memory?

If you asked 3-year-old Aidan to tell you about himself, which of the following is he most likely to say?

By age ____, children use words to evaluate their own and others' actions.

Research on television violence indicates that violent TV

When Erin takes her brother's book away and makes him cry, Erin's father says, "Your brother is crying because you took his book away. Your behavior disappointed me." Erin's father is using ____________ as a means of influencing Erin.

When Francine sees a dump truck in the sandbox, she wonders, "Do I like this toy?" She then decides to play with the truck. Francine

Cousins Easton and Jack are both infants. Sometimes Easton watches Jack while he rolls on the floor. However, both babies engage in solitary play. This is known as

Models are most influential in

Most preschoolers believe that

Five-year-old Anthony and his 4-year-old sister Angela are engaged in a typical sibling dispute over a favorite chair. In order to help them gain sensitivity to their sibling's feelings, their parents should

By middle childhood, children who hold flexible beliefs about what boys and girls can do are

Children who get along well with agemates tend to

Research on punishment shows that spanking is

The most effective forms of discipline encourage good conduct by

According to research on cultural variations in personal storytelling, which of the following self-descriptions is most likely to come from a Chinese child?

According to the psychoanalytic perspective, ________ leads to the formation of the conscience and moral behavior.

Children from 4 to 7 years old regard friendship as

When parents repeatedly comment on the worth of a child and his or her performance, that child experiences

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters